煤田三维地震采集处理解释一体化技术的应用研究
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摘要
结合煤田地震勘探特点,以沁水煤田某大型矿井为例,研究地震采集、处理和解释一体化技术思路及实现方法,结果表明:基于时间连续、空间高密度的宽方位规则化数据采集是实现真正三维空间处理的基础;以弯曲射线叠前时间偏移为重点的资料处理技术,是一体化思路的核心,也是确保成果资料具有较高信噪比、分辨率和保真度的关键;在岩性和构造综合解释方面,充分利用相干滤波、谱分解、倾角探测等多地震属性解释特征,可以突出采区构造和微弱岩性异常的细节,从而提高地质成果精度。
With a view to coalfield seismic prospecting characteristics,taking a large-scale coalmine in the Qinshui coalfield as an example,studied technological train of thoughts and realization method in seismic data acquisition,processing and interpretation integrated techniques.The result has demonstrated that: on account of time continuous,spatially high density broad azimuth regularized data acquisition is the foundation to realize genuine 3D spatial processing.Taking the turning ray prestack time migration as the emphasized data processing technology is the kernel of integrative ideas,also the key to ensure higher S/N ratio,resolution and fidelity of resulting data.While in lithologic and structural comprehensive interpretation,taking full advantage of coherent filtering,spectral decomposition,and dip angle detection etc.multiple seismic attribute interpretation characteristics can give prominence to details of winning district structures and faint lithologic anomalies,thus to improve geologic result accuracy.
With a view to coalfield seismic prospecting characteristics,taking a large-scale coalmine in the Qinshui coalfield as an example,studied technological train of thoughts and realization method in seismic data acquisition,processing and interpretation integrated techniques.The result has demonstrated that: on account of time continuous,spatially high density broad azimuth regularized data acquisition is the foundation to realize genuine 3D spatial processing.Taking the turning ray prestack time migration as the emphasized data processing technology is the kernel of integrative ideas,also the key to ensure higher S/N ratio,resolution and fidelity of resulting data.While in lithologic and structural comprehensive interpretation,taking full advantage of coherent filtering,spectral decomposition,and dip angle detection etc.multiple seismic attribute interpretation characteristics can give prominence to details of winning district structures and faint lithologic anomalies,thus to improve geologic result accuracy.
引文
[1]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路—高分辨率地震勘探系统工程剖析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[2]范文红,林涨年,曾海东,等.高邮凹陷深层地震勘探技术研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):573-577.
[3]张永华,罗家群,田小敏.高精度三维地震在泌阳凹陷北部复杂断块群勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):280-283.
[4]马义忠,张付生.泌阳凹陷核三下段高精度三维地震观测系统设计与采集效果[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(3):139-142.
[5]P M Duncan,白振瑞.3D地震数据采集、处理、解释一体化[J].勘探地球物理进展,1997,(02):65-69.
[6]冯兵,蒋进勇.一体化解释在塔河油田三叠系油藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):384-388.
[7]熊翥.高精度三维地震(I):数据采集[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(1):1-11.
[8]常锁亮,唐永洪,陈强,等.煤田三维地震勘探的观测系统设计现状与讨论[J].中国煤炭地质,2008,20(9):50-54.
[9]熊翥.高精度三维地震(II):数据处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(2):81-95.
[10]邬达理.复杂条件下三维地震资料处理中的几个关键问题[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):179-185.
[11]罗银河,刘江平,董桥梁,等.Kirchhoff弯曲射线叠前时间偏移及应用[J].天然气工业,2005,25(8):35-37.
[12]承金,汪新文,王小牛.山西沁水盆地热史演化特征[J].现代地质,2009,23(6):1093-1099.
[13]程建远.三维地震资料微机解释性处理技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[14]熊翥.高精度三维地震(14):资料解释与配套技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):157-166.
[2]范文红,林涨年,曾海东,等.高邮凹陷深层地震勘探技术研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):573-577.
[3]张永华,罗家群,田小敏.高精度三维地震在泌阳凹陷北部复杂断块群勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):280-283.
[4]马义忠,张付生.泌阳凹陷核三下段高精度三维地震观测系统设计与采集效果[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(3):139-142.
[5]P M Duncan,白振瑞.3D地震数据采集、处理、解释一体化[J].勘探地球物理进展,1997,(02):65-69.
[6]冯兵,蒋进勇.一体化解释在塔河油田三叠系油藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):384-388.
[7]熊翥.高精度三维地震(I):数据采集[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(1):1-11.
[8]常锁亮,唐永洪,陈强,等.煤田三维地震勘探的观测系统设计现状与讨论[J].中国煤炭地质,2008,20(9):50-54.
[9]熊翥.高精度三维地震(II):数据处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(2):81-95.
[10]邬达理.复杂条件下三维地震资料处理中的几个关键问题[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):179-185.
[11]罗银河,刘江平,董桥梁,等.Kirchhoff弯曲射线叠前时间偏移及应用[J].天然气工业,2005,25(8):35-37.
[12]承金,汪新文,王小牛.山西沁水盆地热史演化特征[J].现代地质,2009,23(6):1093-1099.
[13]程建远.三维地震资料微机解释性处理技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[14]熊翥.高精度三维地震(14):资料解释与配套技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):157-166.
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