关于井间地震层析成像中几个问题的探讨
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摘要
基于射线理论的井间地震速度层析成像技术已在石油开发和浅层工程勘探领域得到了初步应用，并显示出良好的解决复杂地质问题的能力。本文就目前常用的直达透射液旅行时速度分析成像的应用情况，提出几个容易忽视的问题（直达透射液旅行时的确定、大倾角地层层析的不确定性、射线分布不均匀的影响）并进行讨论。文中展示了这些问题的现象，并设计了井间模型进行正演计算，从理论上定量或定性地分析其形成机制，提出相应的改正方法和对策，旨在提高层析成像的效果。
Crosshole seismic velocity tomography based on seismic ray theory has seen itspreliminary application in oil development and shallow engineering exploration,andexhibits its good ability to cope with complicated geologic problems- Some easy ne-glected problems in the velocity tomography using travel times of direct transmittedwave are discussed,which involve the travel time determination of direct transmit-ted wave,the indefiniteness of steep-formation tomography,and the influence due tothe nonuniformity of seismic rays. The article also describes how we distinguish thephenomena of these problems, design crosshole model for forward computation,analyse their generation mechanisms quantitatively and qualitatively,and take somesatisfactory measures for coping with them so as to improve the effect of tomogra-phy.
Crosshole seismic velocity tomography based on seismic ray theory has seen itspreliminary application in oil development and shallow engineering exploration,andexhibits its good ability to cope with complicated geologic problems- Some easy ne-glected problems in the velocity tomography using travel times of direct transmittedwave are discussed,which involve the travel time determination of direct transmit-ted wave,the indefiniteness of steep-formation tomography,and the influence due tothe nonuniformity of seismic rays. The article also describes how we distinguish thephenomena of these problems, design crosshole model for forward computation,analyse their generation mechanisms quantitatively and qualitatively,and take somesatisfactory measures for coping with them so as to improve the effect of tomogra-phy.
引文
1美国勘探地球物理学家学会第61、62、63、64、65届年会论文集,石油工业出版社
2Special Issue:cross-borehole geophysics.The Leading Edge,1993,12(1)
3Zhou C,Cai Luo Y, Schuster G T and Hassanzzdeh S Hlgh resotution cross-well imaging by seismictraveltime+waveform inversion.The Leading Edge, 1993, 12(10): 988～ 991
4杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像,地质出版社,1993
5吴律,杨文采.地震层析技术,中国石油天然气总公司情报研究所,1990
6曹俊兴.跨孔地震波、电磁波层析成像技术.成都理工学院工学博士学位论文,1996
7严又生,魏新.基于最小旅行时的速度层析成像方法研究.石油物探学会第七次东部会议论文集,中国石油学会石油物探专业委员会,1995
8刘清林.初始模型和约束条件对层析反演结果的影响.石油物探,1996,35(2):35～43
9Eiichi Asakawa等著,严又生译.旅行时线性内插地震射线追踪.国外油气勘探,1995,7(1);59～67
10Moser T J.Shortest path calculation of seismic ray. Geophysics,1991, 56(1); 59～ 67
11孙忠勤等译.井间测量方法专题译文集,石油物探情报协作组,1996
12 严又生等.井间地震数据处理软件包的研制.石油物探学会第八次东部会议论文集,中国石油学会石油物探专业委员会,1996
13 严又生.井中地球物理印象.美国勘探地球物理学家学会(SEG)65届年会论文摘要简介,中国石油学会物探专业委员会,1996
2Special Issue:cross-borehole geophysics.The Leading Edge,1993,12(1)
3Zhou C,Cai Luo Y, Schuster G T and Hassanzzdeh S Hlgh resotution cross-well imaging by seismictraveltime+waveform inversion.The Leading Edge, 1993, 12(10): 988～ 991
4杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像,地质出版社,1993
5吴律,杨文采.地震层析技术,中国石油天然气总公司情报研究所,1990
6曹俊兴.跨孔地震波、电磁波层析成像技术.成都理工学院工学博士学位论文,1996
7严又生,魏新.基于最小旅行时的速度层析成像方法研究.石油物探学会第七次东部会议论文集,中国石油学会石油物探专业委员会,1995
8刘清林.初始模型和约束条件对层析反演结果的影响.石油物探,1996,35(2):35～43
9Eiichi Asakawa等著,严又生译.旅行时线性内插地震射线追踪.国外油气勘探,1995,7(1);59～67
10Moser T J.Shortest path calculation of seismic ray. Geophysics,1991, 56(1); 59～ 67
11孙忠勤等译.井间测量方法专题译文集,石油物探情报协作组,1996
12 严又生等.井间地震数据处理软件包的研制.石油物探学会第八次东部会议论文集,中国石油学会石油物探专业委员会,1996
13 严又生.井中地球物理印象.美国勘探地球物理学家学会(SEG)65届年会论文摘要简介,中国石油学会物探专业委员会,1996
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