用刚性板连接的组合橡胶支座水平刚度计算方法
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摘要
目前基础隔震建筑和桥梁中应用的叠层钢板橡胶支座都是等截面的，其水平刚度是以遭遇强烈地震为依据设计的，由于材料的非线性影响当遭遇中小地震时水平刚度将偏大，致使上部结构的减震效果比遭遇设计地震时有所减小，而由两个不同截面橡胶支座组成的组合橡胶支座有助于改善在中小地震时的隔震效果。组合橡胶支座由刚性连接板将上下两个橡胶支座联成一体，本文对组合橡胶支座建立了分析模型，推导了临界力方程和水平刚度系数的实用计算公式，对典型参数的影响进行了分析，同时对考虑与不考虑刚性连接板影响的结果进行了对比，结果表明当连接钢板的厚度与单个橡胶支座的高度之比小于０．２时，刚性连接板对组合橡胶支座水平刚度的影响一般是可以忽略不计的。
The steel plate-laminated rubber bearing is normally used as an isolator in buildings or bridges. It is designed of a constant cross-section. The horizontal stiffness is designed accordance with strong earthquake. Because of material nonlinearity the horizontal stiffness of a rubber bearing is too large under middle or minor earthquake. Hence the effectiveness of a base isolation system is decreased. If using a composite isolator made up of two bearing, one on the top of the another linked with steel plates, first proposed by Tarics, the effectiveness is improved. Equation for critical bucking and formula for calculating horizontal stiffness of a composite isolator are derived in the paper. The comparison resulta show that the effect of a linked rigid plate on the horizontal stiffness usually is negligible if the thickness of a plate is less than of 20 percent of the height of an individual rubber bearing.
The steel plate-laminated rubber bearing is normally used as an isolator in buildings or bridges. It is designed of a constant cross-section. The horizontal stiffness is designed accordance with strong earthquake. Because of material nonlinearity the horizontal stiffness of a rubber bearing is too large under middle or minor earthquake. Hence the effectiveness of a base isolation system is decreased. If using a composite isolator made up of two bearing, one on the top of the another linked with steel plates, first proposed by Tarics, the effectiveness is improved. Equation for critical bucking and formula for calculating horizontal stiffness of a composite isolator are derived in the paper. The comparison resulta show that the effect of a linked rigid plate on the horizontal stiffness usually is negligible if the thickness of a plate is less than of 20 percent of the height of an individual rubber bearing.
引文
1日本建筑学会.免震构造设计指南(Recommendation of the Design of Base Isolation).日本:日本建筑学会出版, 1989 (第一版),1996(第二版)
2 Gent A N.Electric Stability of Rubber Compression Springs. Journal of Mechanics Engineering Science, 1964, 6 (4): 318-326
3 Haringx J A.On Highly Compressive Helical Springs and RubberRod and Their Applications to Free Mountings-Part I, II andIII .Philips Reort, 1948-1949
4周锡元,韩森,曾德民,马东辉.叠层钢板橡胶垫的稳定 性分析与强度验算.建筑科学,1997,13(6):13-16
5唐家祥,刘再华.建筑结构基础隔震.武汉:华中理工大 学出版社,1993
6 Imbimbo M, kelly J M. Stability of Isolators at large Horizontal Displacements. Earthquake Spectra, 1997, 13 (3): 415-430
7周锡元,韩森,曾德民,马东辉.橡胶支座与R/C柱串 联隔震系统水平刚度系数.振动工程学报,1999,12(2): 157—165
8李大望.建筑结构隔震控制的理论与实践:[学位论文]. 武汉:武汉工业大学,1995
9韩淼.建筑隔震体系与机构的设计分析方法与工程应用: [学位论文].北京:国家地震局地球物理研究所,1997
10 Tarics A G. Composite Seismic Isolator and Method. InternationalWorkshop on Use of Rubber Based Bearing for Earthquake Protection of Buiding, Shantou China, 1994
11 Imbimbo M, kelly J M. Stability Aspects of Elastomeric Isolators.Earthquake Spectra, 1997, 13 (3): 431-449
12周锡元,韩淼,马东辉,曾德民.组合橡胶支座及橡胶 支座与柱串联系统的水平刚度计算方法.地震工程与工 程振动,1999,19(4):67-75
2 Gent A N.Electric Stability of Rubber Compression Springs. Journal of Mechanics Engineering Science, 1964, 6 (4): 318-326
3 Haringx J A.On Highly Compressive Helical Springs and RubberRod and Their Applications to Free Mountings-Part I, II andIII .Philips Reort, 1948-1949
4周锡元,韩森,曾德民,马东辉.叠层钢板橡胶垫的稳定 性分析与强度验算.建筑科学,1997,13(6):13-16
5唐家祥,刘再华.建筑结构基础隔震.武汉:华中理工大 学出版社,1993
6 Imbimbo M, kelly J M. Stability of Isolators at large Horizontal Displacements. Earthquake Spectra, 1997, 13 (3): 415-430
7周锡元,韩森,曾德民,马东辉.橡胶支座与R/C柱串 联隔震系统水平刚度系数.振动工程学报,1999,12(2): 157—165
8李大望.建筑结构隔震控制的理论与实践:[学位论文]. 武汉:武汉工业大学,1995
9韩淼.建筑隔震体系与机构的设计分析方法与工程应用: [学位论文].北京:国家地震局地球物理研究所,1997
10 Tarics A G. Composite Seismic Isolator and Method. InternationalWorkshop on Use of Rubber Based Bearing for Earthquake Protection of Buiding, Shantou China, 1994
11 Imbimbo M, kelly J M. Stability Aspects of Elastomeric Isolators.Earthquake Spectra, 1997, 13 (3): 431-449
12周锡元,韩淼,马东辉,曾德民.组合橡胶支座及橡胶 支座与柱串联系统的水平刚度计算方法.地震工程与工 程振动,1999,19(4):67-75
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