高土石坝加速度响应的三维有限元研究
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摘要
采用三维有限元分析方法,对100 m以上的均质堆石坝进行了动力反应分析,研究了沿大坝高度方向和坝纵轴线方向的加速度分布规律,分析了坝高、动剪切模量、坝坡坡度、河谷宽高比、地震峰值加速度、地震波对加速度放大倍数的影响。结果表明:高土石坝表现出明显的三维动力效应,坝高、动剪切模量、坝坡坡度等因素对大坝三维加速度反应均有不同程度的影响;所有工况中地震加速度均在坝高4/5以上的河谷中部放大明显,现行规范建议的加速度分布规律不符合高坝的反应特性。根据计算结果,建议了大坝坝坡抗震加固的范围。
In order to study the acceleration distribution of high rock-fill dam,the dynamic response of homogeneous earth-rock dams over 100m were analyzed with three dimensional(3D) finite element method considering the height and slope of the dam,aspect ratios of river valley,dynamic shear modulus,peak acceleration and seismic waves.The results show that the 3D effect of dynamic response is apparent.The acceleration is significantly enlarged in the middle of river bed of the dam over 4/5 height and recommended distribution of the acceleration by the current code is inconsistent with response characteristics of the high dam.The reinforcement zone is suggested based on the calculation results of high dam.
In order to study the acceleration distribution of high rock-fill dam,the dynamic response of homogeneous earth-rock dams over 100m were analyzed with three dimensional(3D) finite element method considering the height and slope of the dam,aspect ratios of river valley,dynamic shear modulus,peak acceleration and seismic waves.The results show that the 3D effect of dynamic response is apparent.The acceleration is significantly enlarged in the middle of river bed of the dam over 4/5 height and recommended distribution of the acceleration by the current code is inconsistent with response characteristics of the high dam.The reinforcement zone is suggested based on the calculation results of high dam.
引文
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[2]赵剑明,常亚屏,陈宁.加强高土石坝抗震研究的现实意义及工作展望[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(1):95-99.ZHAO Jian-ming,CHANG Ya-ping,CHEN Ning.Significance and prospects about earthquake resistantstudies of high earth-rockfill dams[J].WorldInformation on Earthquake Engineering,2004,20(1):95-99.
[3]蒋国澄,赵增凯.中国混凝土面板堆石坝20年回顾[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[4]中华人民共和国电力行业标准.DL 5073―2000水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000.
[5]张继宝,陈五一,李永红,等.双江口土石坝心墙拱效应分析[J].岩土力学,2008(增刊1):185-188.ZHANG Ji-bao,CHEN Wu-yi,LI Yong-hong,et al.Analysis of core arching effect of ShuangjingkouEarth-rockfill Dam[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008(Supp.1):185-188.
[6]张锐,迟世春,林皋.高土石坝地震加速度分布研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2008,40(8):1289-1291.ZHANG Rui,CHI Shi-chun,LIN Gao.Analysis ofseismic acceleration distribution of high earth androckfill dams[J]Journal of Harbin Institute ofTechnology,2008,40(8):1289-1291.
[7]孔宪京,刘君,韩国城,等.混凝土面板堆石坝地震反应分析的剪切梁法[J].水利学报,2000,(7):55-60.KONG Xian-jing,LIU Jun,HAN Guo-cheng,et al.Shearwedge beam method of seismic response analysis forconcrete faced rockfill dams(CFRDs)[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2000,(7):55-60.
[8]邹德高,孔宪京,徐斌.Geotechnical dynamic nonlinearanalysis-GEODYNA使用说明[M].大连:大连理工大学土木水利学院工程抗震研究所,2003.
[9]李广信.高等土力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[10]孔宪京,娄树莲,邹德高,等.筑坝堆石料的等效动剪切模量与等效阻尼比[J].水利学报,2001(8):20-25.KONG Xian-jing,LOU Shu-lian,ZOU De-gao,et al.Theequivalent dynamic shear modulus and equivalentdamping ratio of the rockfill for dam[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2001(8):20-25.
[11]易锋.堆石坝地震反应加速度分布初探[J].水利学报,1988,(4):17-24.YI Feng.Study on distribution of earthquake responseaccelerated in rock-fill dams[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,1988,(4):17-24.
[12]孔宪京,邹德高,邓学晶,等.高土石坝综合抗震措施及其效果的验算[J].水利学报,2006,37(12):1489-1495.KONG Xian-jing,ZOU De-gao,DENG Xue-jing,et al.Comprehensive earthquake resistant measure of highearth-rockfill dams and effectiveness verification[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(12):1489-1495.
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