水工抗震规范中高土石坝动态分布系数的探讨
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摘要
我国土石坝的建设规模和难度越来越大,水工建筑物抗震设计规范的动态分布系数分布图已经不能完全满足设计要求。本文以世界同类型中最高的双江口心墙堆石坝为例,利用有限元动力分析方法,分析了坝体的加速度反应及其分布规律,并与振动台模型试验结果进行了类比。在此基础上探讨了规范的动态分布系数分布图存在的问题。研究表明,尽管试验得到的模型坝加速度反应大于原形坝计算值,但两者的加速度反应的分布规律基本一致。建议对高土石坝的动态分布系数分布进行系统的分析论证,考虑不同坝高、不同部位、不同工况和不同坝型下的加速度放大倍数,给出更为安全合理的动态分布系数图,以指导工程实践。
As the scale and complexity of earth and rock-fill dam construction become larger and larger in our country,the dynamic distribution coefficient in the specifications for seismic design of hydraulic struc tures could not entirely meet the requirements.This paper takes the world highest core rock-fill dam,Sh uangjiangkou dam,as an example,and the acceleration amplification factor and its distribution were dis cussed by dynamic FEM analysis.Moreover,the calculation results were compared with the shaking table tests results.On the basis of these,the defects of the seismic design specifications were discussed.The re sults showed that although the calculated acceleration response of prototype was larger than that of the mod el dam,but the distribution laws were consistent.It is suggested that the present dynamic distribution coef ficient should be improved by comprehensive study,considering dam height,position,working conditions,as well as dam type,so as to achieve more reliable and reasonable dynamic distribution coefficient for seis mic design.
As the scale and complexity of earth and rock-fill dam construction become larger and larger in our country,the dynamic distribution coefficient in the specifications for seismic design of hydraulic struc tures could not entirely meet the requirements.This paper takes the world highest core rock-fill dam,Sh uangjiangkou dam,as an example,and the acceleration amplification factor and its distribution were dis cussed by dynamic FEM analysis.Moreover,the calculation results were compared with the shaking table tests results.On the basis of these,the defects of the seismic design specifications were discussed.The re sults showed that although the calculated acceleration response of prototype was larger than that of the mod el dam,but the distribution laws were consistent.It is suggested that the present dynamic distribution coef ficient should be improved by comprehensive study,considering dam height,position,working conditions,as well as dam type,so as to achieve more reliable and reasonable dynamic distribution coefficient for seis mic design.
引文
[1]SL203-97水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].
[2]陈厚群.水工抗震设计规范和可靠性设计[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(3):163-169.
[3]刘小生,王钟宁,汪小刚,等.面板坝大型振动台模型试验与动力分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[4]孔宪京,邹德高,邓学晶,等.高土石坝综合抗震措施及其效果的验算[J].水利学报,2006,37(12):1489-1495.
[5]张锐,迟世春,林皋.高土石坝地震加速度分布研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2008,40(8):1289-1291.
[6]Seed H B,Idriss I M,Lee K L,et al.Dynamic analysis of the slide in the Low San Femando Dam during the earthquake of February9,1971[J].Journal of Geotechnial Enyineering,ASCE,1975(101):889-911.
[7]沈珠江,徐刚.堆石料的动力变形特性[J].水利水运科学研究,1996(2):143-150.
[8]杨玉生,刘小生,刘启旺,等.双江口心墙堆石坝地震加速度反应的振动台模型试验研究[J].水力发电学报,2011,30(1):120-125.
[2]陈厚群.水工抗震设计规范和可靠性设计[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2007,5(3):163-169.
[3]刘小生,王钟宁,汪小刚,等.面板坝大型振动台模型试验与动力分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[4]孔宪京,邹德高,邓学晶,等.高土石坝综合抗震措施及其效果的验算[J].水利学报,2006,37(12):1489-1495.
[5]张锐,迟世春,林皋.高土石坝地震加速度分布研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2008,40(8):1289-1291.
[6]Seed H B,Idriss I M,Lee K L,et al.Dynamic analysis of the slide in the Low San Femando Dam during the earthquake of February9,1971[J].Journal of Geotechnial Enyineering,ASCE,1975(101):889-911.
[7]沈珠江,徐刚.堆石料的动力变形特性[J].水利水运科学研究,1996(2):143-150.
[8]杨玉生,刘小生,刘启旺,等.双江口心墙堆石坝地震加速度反应的振动台模型试验研究[J].水力发电学报,2011,30(1):120-125.
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