速度模型误差给叠前深度偏移成像带来的假象
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摘要
这里借助简单地质模型数值模拟的地震记录,采用分步傅立叶方法进行叠前深度偏移,给出了几种误差速度模型给偏移成像带来的影响。波动方程叠前深度偏移目前是解决地质复杂地区地震成像的一种有效手段,但是速度模型的精确程度,直接影响着成像结果的可信度。局部速度误差影响成像质量,而区域速度误差不仅影响成像质量,更重要的是影响成像的构造形态。所以在应用偏移成果时,一定要根据速度模型的可靠程度进行谨慎解释。
The paper shows some prestack depth migration imaging result by using velocity model with certain error to the simulated seismic data with simple geology model.Split-step fourier method was used to carry out prestack depth migration.At present wave equation prestack depth migration is an effective approach for imaging in complex geological area,but the precision of velocity model directly affects the reliability of imaging.Local velocity model error mainly damages imaging quality,while regional velocity model error not only damages imaging quality,but also changes the imaging of structure style or stratum boundary.It should be carefully to do structure interpretation according to the reliability of velocity model.
The paper shows some prestack depth migration imaging result by using velocity model with certain error to the simulated seismic data with simple geology model.Split-step fourier method was used to carry out prestack depth migration.At present wave equation prestack depth migration is an effective approach for imaging in complex geological area,but the precision of velocity model directly affects the reliability of imaging.Local velocity model error mainly damages imaging quality,while regional velocity model error not only damages imaging quality,but also changes the imaging of structure style or stratum boundary.It should be carefully to do structure interpretation according to the reliability of velocity model.
引文
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[4]DONALD A H.Pitfalls in seismic interpretation:depth migration artifacts[J].The Leading Edge,2000,19(9):1016.
[5]GRUBB H,TURA A,HANITZSCH C.Estimating and interpreting velocity uncertainty in migrated images and AVO attributes[J].Geophysics,2001,66(4):1208.
[6]杨俊,贺振华,黄德济.速度模型对地震波场偏移成像的影响[J].物探化探计算技术,2006,28(2):113.
[7]曹文俊,李振春,韩文功,等.波动方程叠前深度偏移对速度模型的敏感性分析[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):120.
[8]熊晓军,贺振华,文晓涛,等.偏移速度误差引起的假象分析[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(6):24.
[9]GAZDAG J.Wave equation migration with the phase shit method[J].Geophysics,1978,43(7):1342.
[10]STOLTR H.Migration by Fourier Transform[J].Geo-physics,1978,43(1):23.
[11]GAZDAG J,SGUAZZERO P.Migration of seismic data by phase shift plus interpolation[J].Geophysics,1984,49(2):124.
[12]马在田.地震成像技术——有限差分法偏移[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.
[13]STOFFA P L.Split-step fourier migration[J].Geo-physics,1990,55(4):410.
[14]RISTOW D,RUHL T.Fourier finite-difference migra-tion[J].Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882.
[15]WU R S,HUANG L J,XIE X B.Backscattered wave calculation using the de Wolf approximation and a phase-screen propagator[J].65th Annual Meeting,Expand-ed Abstracts,1985:1293.
[16]方伍宝,孙建国,程玖兵.实用化的二维波动方程叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探2004,39(1):17.
[2]LIU Z,BLEISTEIN N.Migration velocity analysis:The-ory and an iterative algorithm[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):142.
[3]LANDA E,KEYDAR S.How far is the seismic image correct[J].The Leading Edge,1998,17(7):919.
[4]DONALD A H.Pitfalls in seismic interpretation:depth migration artifacts[J].The Leading Edge,2000,19(9):1016.
[5]GRUBB H,TURA A,HANITZSCH C.Estimating and interpreting velocity uncertainty in migrated images and AVO attributes[J].Geophysics,2001,66(4):1208.
[6]杨俊,贺振华,黄德济.速度模型对地震波场偏移成像的影响[J].物探化探计算技术,2006,28(2):113.
[7]曹文俊,李振春,韩文功,等.波动方程叠前深度偏移对速度模型的敏感性分析[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):120.
[8]熊晓军,贺振华,文晓涛,等.偏移速度误差引起的假象分析[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(6):24.
[9]GAZDAG J.Wave equation migration with the phase shit method[J].Geophysics,1978,43(7):1342.
[10]STOLTR H.Migration by Fourier Transform[J].Geo-physics,1978,43(1):23.
[11]GAZDAG J,SGUAZZERO P.Migration of seismic data by phase shift plus interpolation[J].Geophysics,1984,49(2):124.
[12]马在田.地震成像技术——有限差分法偏移[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.
[13]STOFFA P L.Split-step fourier migration[J].Geo-physics,1990,55(4):410.
[14]RISTOW D,RUHL T.Fourier finite-difference migra-tion[J].Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882.
[15]WU R S,HUANG L J,XIE X B.Backscattered wave calculation using the de Wolf approximation and a phase-screen propagator[J].65th Annual Meeting,Expand-ed Abstracts,1985:1293.
[16]方伍宝,孙建国,程玖兵.实用化的二维波动方程叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探2004,39(1):17.
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