饱和黄土稳态强度特性的试验研究
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摘要
饱和黄土的稳态强度(残余强度)是黄土边坡是否发生流滑的关键因素,为了评价饱和黄土的残余强度就需要很好地了解饱和黄土的不排水剪切性能。通过对重塑黄土的固结不排水三轴试验,研究了饱和黄土的稳态强度特性。试验研究发现饱和黄土有两种典型的不排水剪切特性:稳态特性和准稳态特性,且大多数情况下饱和黄土总表现为稳态特性,只有疏松的黄土表现出准稳态特性。根据试验结果得出了黄土的稳态线与稳态强度线,用来分析黄土边坡的流滑机理。同时证明了饱和黄土稳态线的存在性和惟一性;探讨了描述黄土稳态性质的参数内摩擦角和黏聚力的物理含义;比较了饱和黄土与砂土稳态特性的差异。
Through analyzing the mechanism of flow slide of loess landslides,it can find the steady state strength(residual strength) plays a major role.The evaluation of residual strength requires a better understanding of undrained saturated loess behavior.The steady strength of saturated loess is discussed under stress-controlled undrained consolidation triaxial test.There are two typical stress-strain behaviors of saturated loess: steady state behavior and quasi-steady state.In majority situations,it exhibits steady state behavior.Only loose loess exhibits quasi-steady state behavior.According to the test results,steady state line and steady state strength line of saturated loess are obtained.These lines can be used to analyze the mechanism of flow slide.The existence and uniqueness of steady state line are proofed.The internal friction angle and cohesion can be used to describe the steady state behavior of saturated loess.The meaning of these parameters is discussed.The difference of saturated loess and sand is analyzed.
Through analyzing the mechanism of flow slide of loess landslides,it can find the steady state strength(residual strength) plays a major role.The evaluation of residual strength requires a better understanding of undrained saturated loess behavior.The steady strength of saturated loess is discussed under stress-controlled undrained consolidation triaxial test.There are two typical stress-strain behaviors of saturated loess: steady state behavior and quasi-steady state.In majority situations,it exhibits steady state behavior.Only loose loess exhibits quasi-steady state behavior.According to the test results,steady state line and steady state strength line of saturated loess are obtained.These lines can be used to analyze the mechanism of flow slide.The existence and uniqueness of steady state line are proofed.The internal friction angle and cohesion can be used to describe the steady state behavior of saturated loess.The meaning of these parameters is discussed.The difference of saturated loess and sand is analyzed.
引文
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[2]王兰民,刘红玫,李兰.饱和黄土液化机理与特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):89-94.WANG Lan-min,LIU Hong-mei,LI Lan.Laboratorystudy on the mechanism and behaviors of saturated loessliquefaction[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2000,22(1):89-94.
[3]佘跃心,刘汉龙,高玉峰.饱和黄土孔压增长模式与液化机理的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2002,23(4):395-399.SHE Yue-xin,LIU Han-long,GAO Yu-feng.Studyonliquefaction mechanism and pore-water pressure modeofsaturated original loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(4):395-399.
[4]CASAGRANDE A.Liquefaction and cyclic deformationof sands.a critical review[C]//Proc.of the 15th PanAmerican Conf.on Soil Mechanics and FoundationsEngineering,Buens Aires,Argentina:[s.n.].1975:79-133.
[5]CASAGRANDE A.Characteristics of cohesionless soilsaffecting the stability of slopes and earth fills[J].Journalof Boston Society of Civil Engineerings,1936,23(1):13-32.
[6]POULOS S J.The steady state of deformation[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1981,107(5):553-562.
[7]ISHIHARA K.Liquefaction and flow failure duringearthquake[J].Geotechnique,1993,43(3).351-415.
[8]CASTRO Q,POULOS S J.Factors affecting liquefactionand cyclic mobility[J].Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering Division,ASCE,1977,103(6):501-516.
[9]POULOS S J,CASTRO G,FRANCE J W.Liquefactionevaluation procedure[J].Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering Division,ASCE,1985,111(6):772-792.
[9]赵成刚,尤昌龙.饱和砂土液化与稳态强度[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(3):90-96.ZHAO Cheng-gang,YOU Chang-long.Liquefaction andsteady state strength of saturated sands[J].China CivilEngineering Journal,2001,34(3):90-96.
[10]余湘娟,姜朴,魏松.砂土的稳态强度试验研究[J].河海大学学报,2001,29(1):50-54.YU Xiang-juan,JIANG Pu,WEI Song.Experimentalrsearch on the steady strength of sandy soils[J].Journalof Hohai University,2001,29(1):50-54.
[11]高军伟,王洪瑾,周克骥,等.用稳态理论研究尾矿坝的抗震稳定性[C]//第四届全国土动力学学术会议论文集.杭州:[s.n.],1994:43-46.
[12]朱建群,孔令伟,钟方杰.南京砂强度特征与静态液化现象分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1461-1465.ZHU Jian-qun,KONG Ling-wei1,ZHONG Fang-jie.Analysis of strength characteristics of Nanjing sand andmechanism of static liquefaction[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2008,29(6):1461-1465.
[13]王媛,姜朴,朱俊高,等.松粉砂地基地震后堤坝稳定性分析[J].水利学报,2000,(11):60-69.WANG Yuan,JIANG Pa,ZHU Jun-gao,et al.Post-earthquake stability analysis of dike built on silty sandfoundation[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2000,(11):60-69.
[14]ZHANG H M,VINOD K G.Quasi-steady state:A realbehavior[J].J.Can.Geotech.,1997,34(5):749-761.
[15]LAW K T,LEE C F,LJUAN M T,et al.Engineeringbehavior of loose fill of granitic soil[C]//Proceedings ofthe Special Sino-Japanese Forum on Performance andEvaluation of Soil Slopes under Earthquakes Technologyand Rainstorms.Dalian:Dalian University Press,1998:18-34.
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