隧道地质灾害预警体系中岩溶裂隙水综合预报技术研究
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摘要
基于目前国内外所进行的岩溶裂隙水预报缺乏深入系统的研究,普遍存在准确性和精度不高,而新方法的研究明显滞后于工程需要的问题.考虑将常用方法的优点加以综合,建立一种新的行之有效的岩溶裂隙水综合预报方法.在总结了国内外隧道工程界常用的超前地质预报方法,综合各种预报方法优点的基础上,按照科学的流程,提出并建立了针对岩溶裂隙水的综合预报方法,最后结合工程实例对掌子面前方的涌水灾害进行了成功地预报和预警.实践证明,综合预报法具有较高的系统性和工作效率,使岩溶裂隙水的预报准确性和精度大大提高,并可对涌水灾害风险进行合理的评价,是值得推广的方法.
In the prediction of karst-fractured groundwater,thorough and systemic research is deficient,and there are problems that the accuracy and precision is low.Research on the new technique can not catch up with the engineering demand.For solving this problem,the advantages of the common methods were integrated,and a new integrative method feasible to karst-fractured groundwater prediction was established.First,the advanced geological forecasting methods used in tunnel construction were summarized.Then,based on the scientific process,the integrative advanced geological forecasting method for karst-fractured groundwater was established by comprehensive analysis on the advantages of all the prediction techniques.Finally,the water gush disaster was successfully forecast and earlywarning in the project example.With high systematicness and efficiency,the use of this integrative geological forecasting method makes the accuracy and precision of the prediction highly improved and gushing water disaster risk rationally evaluated,which is worthy to be generalized.
In the prediction of karst-fractured groundwater,thorough and systemic research is deficient,and there are problems that the accuracy and precision is low.Research on the new technique can not catch up with the engineering demand.For solving this problem,the advantages of the common methods were integrated,and a new integrative method feasible to karst-fractured groundwater prediction was established.First,the advanced geological forecasting methods used in tunnel construction were summarized.Then,based on the scientific process,the integrative advanced geological forecasting method for karst-fractured groundwater was established by comprehensive analysis on the advantages of all the prediction techniques.Finally,the water gush disaster was successfully forecast and earlywarning in the project example.With high systematicness and efficiency,the use of this integrative geological forecasting method makes the accuracy and precision of the prediction highly improved and gushing water disaster risk rationally evaluated,which is worthy to be generalized.
引文
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[14]吴俊,毛海和,应松,等.地质雷达在公路隧道短期地质超前预报中的应用[J].岩土力学,2003,24 supp:154-157.WU Jun,MAO Haihe,YING Song,et al.Application ofground probing radar to short-term geological forecast for tun-nel construction[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24supp:154-157.
[15]刘斌,李文峰,李术才.探地雷达探测地下管线机理研究及实例分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27 supp:459-463.LIU Bin,LI Wenfeng,LI Shucai.Research on mechanism ofunderground pipeline detection with ground penetrating radarand analysis of example[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27 supp:459-463.
[16]戴前伟,吕绍林,肖彬.地质雷达的应用条件探讨[J].物探与化探,2000,24(2):157-160.DAI Qianwei,LU¨Shaolin,XIAO Bin.A discussion on theapplied condition of GPR[J].Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration,2000,24(2):157-160.
[17]DOOLITTLE J A,JENKINSON B,HOPKINS D,et al.Hy-dropedological investigations with ground-penetrating radar(GPR):estimating water-table depths and local groundwaterflow pattern in areas of coarse-textured soils[J].Geoderma,2006:317-329.
[18]BENSON Alvin K.Applications of ground penetrating radar inassessing some geological hazards:examples of groundwatercontamination,faults,cavities[J].Applied Geophysics,1995:177-193.
[19]王鹰,陈强,魏有仪,等.红外线探测技术在圆梁山隧道突水预报中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5):855-857.WANG Ying,CHEN Qiang,WEI Youyi,et al.Applicationof infrared acquisition technology in prediction of water gush-ing in YuanLiangshan Tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(5):855-857.
[20]黄忆龙.红外线探水法在隧道超前探水预报中的应用[J].煤炭技术,2007,26(4):126-127.HUANG Yilong.Application for prediction of water by usinginfrared ray method in tunnel[J].Coal Technology,2007,26(4):126-127.
[2]黄润秋,王贤能.深埋隧道工程主要灾害地质问题分析[J].水文地质工程地质,1998(4):21-24.HUANG Runqiu,WANG Xianneng.Analysis on the main geo-logical disaster problem in deep-lying tunnel[J].HydrologicalEeology&Engineering Eeology,1998(4):21-24.
[3]李术才,李树忱,张庆松,等.岩溶裂隙水与不良地质情况超前预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):217-225.LI Shucai,LI Shuchen,ZHANG Qingsong,et al.Forecast ofKarst-fractured groundwater and defective geological conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):217-225.
[4]宫清华,黄光庆,郭敏,等.地质灾害预报预警的研究现状及发展趋势[J].世界地质,2006,25(3):296-302.GONG Qinghua,HUANG Guangqing,GUO Min,et al.Pr-esent status of research and its developmental tendency on pre-diction and early warning of geologic hazards[J].Global Geolo-gy,2006,25(3):296-302.
[5]王青海,李晓红,夏彬伟,等.超前预测预报在笔架山隧道中的应用[J].岩土力学,2006,26(6):951-954.WANG Qinghai,LI Xiaohong,XIA Binwei,et al.Applicationof advanced prediction and forecast in Bijiashan Tunnel con-struction[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,26(6):951-954.
[6]曲海峰,刘志刚,朱合华.隧道信息化施工中综合地质预报技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(6):1246-1251.QU Haifeng,LIU Zhigang,ZHU Hehua.Technique of synthet-ic geologic prediction ahead in tunnel informational construction[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(6):1246-1251.
[7]王锦山,王力,曹志刚,等.厦门海底隧道综合超前地质预报实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(11):2309-2317.WANG Jinshan,WANG Li,CAO Zhigang,et al.Practice onsynthetic geological prediction ahead of construction of Xiamensubsea tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2007,26(11):2309-2317.
[8]荆志东.特长隧道地质超前预报方法研究[J].铁道勘察,2005(3):46-48.JING Zhidong.Geological predicting in construction of extra-long-tunnels[J].2005(3):46-48.
[9]张卫,覃小群.上海地区地下水系统及地下水资源特征[J],中国岩溶,1999,18(4):343-351.ZHANG Wei,QIN Xiao-qun.Groundwater system and itscharacteristics in Shanghai Region[J].Carsologica Sinica,1999,18(4):343-351.
[10]刘志刚.概论岩溶或地质复杂隧道隧洞地质灾害超前预报技术[J].铁道建筑技术.2003(2):1-5.LIU Zhigang.Generality of geological hazard forecasting meth-od in karst or complicated geological tunnel[J].Railway Con-struction Technology,2003(2):1-5.
[11]王华,吴光,冯涛,等.渝怀线圆梁山隧道超前地质钻探预报技术应用研究[J].铁道建筑,2007,2:36-38.WANG Hua,WU Guang,FENG Tao,et al.Application andstudy on the advance drilling geological prediction in Yuangli-angshan Tunnel[J].Railway Engineering,2007,2:36-38.
[12]刘志刚,刘秀峰.TSP(隧道地震勘探)在隧道隧洞超前预报中的应用与发展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):1399-1402.LIU Zhigang,LIU Xiufeng.TSP application and developmentin tunnel lead forecast[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2003,22(8):1399-1402.
[13]李大心.探地雷达方法与应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.LI Daxin.Ground penetrating radar method and its application[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994.
[14]吴俊,毛海和,应松,等.地质雷达在公路隧道短期地质超前预报中的应用[J].岩土力学,2003,24 supp:154-157.WU Jun,MAO Haihe,YING Song,et al.Application ofground probing radar to short-term geological forecast for tun-nel construction[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24supp:154-157.
[15]刘斌,李文峰,李术才.探地雷达探测地下管线机理研究及实例分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27 supp:459-463.LIU Bin,LI Wenfeng,LI Shucai.Research on mechanism ofunderground pipeline detection with ground penetrating radarand analysis of example[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27 supp:459-463.
[16]戴前伟,吕绍林,肖彬.地质雷达的应用条件探讨[J].物探与化探,2000,24(2):157-160.DAI Qianwei,LU¨Shaolin,XIAO Bin.A discussion on theapplied condition of GPR[J].Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration,2000,24(2):157-160.
[17]DOOLITTLE J A,JENKINSON B,HOPKINS D,et al.Hy-dropedological investigations with ground-penetrating radar(GPR):estimating water-table depths and local groundwaterflow pattern in areas of coarse-textured soils[J].Geoderma,2006:317-329.
[18]BENSON Alvin K.Applications of ground penetrating radar inassessing some geological hazards:examples of groundwatercontamination,faults,cavities[J].Applied Geophysics,1995:177-193.
[19]王鹰,陈强,魏有仪,等.红外线探测技术在圆梁山隧道突水预报中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5):855-857.WANG Ying,CHEN Qiang,WEI Youyi,et al.Applicationof infrared acquisition technology in prediction of water gush-ing in YuanLiangshan Tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(5):855-857.
[20]黄忆龙.红外线探水法在隧道超前探水预报中的应用[J].煤炭技术,2007,26(4):126-127.HUANG Yilong.Application for prediction of water by usinginfrared ray method in tunnel[J].Coal Technology,2007,26(4):126-127.
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