利用星载D-INSAR技术获取的地表形变场研究张北-尚义地震震源破裂特征
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摘要
近 10年来 ,合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量技术 (D INSAR ,DifferentialInterferometricSyn theticApertureRadar,简称 :雷达差分干涉测量 )取得了令世人瞩目的成绩 ,已成为极具有潜力的空间对地观测新技术。但如何利用D INSAR测量结果来揭示震源破裂信息 ,成为目前被关注的问题。本文简单地论述了震源位错模型的基本原理 ,并以 1998年 1月 10日张北 -尚义地震为例 ,利用差分干涉形变场图像 ,采用弹性半空间介质中的震源位错模型 ,正演了发震断层某些几何学和运动学性质。结果表明 :张北 -尚义地震破裂面属左旋逆走滑断层 ,走向SEE NWW2 72° ,倾角 4 6° ;破裂方向为由SEE至NWW的单侧破裂 ;破裂面长 9km ,宽 8km ,深度 8km ;三个方向的位移矢量分别为 :2 90mm、5 6 0mm和 0mm。
The D-INSAR(Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique has got great achievement in the world in the last ten years, it has been a new space observation technique with great potential. But how to disclose source rupture information by D-INSAR meterage result is a more concerned issue at present. The basic theory of seismic focus dislocation model is discussed. Basing on the detailed analysis of interferometric deformation field of Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake on Jan.10,1998, and seismic focus dislocation model in elastic half-space medium. Geometry and kinematics characteristics of main seismic fault are deduced. Results show as follows:seismic break surface of Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake is left-slip and thrust fault,strike SEE-NWW 272°;dip angle 46°; break direction is simple unilateral from SEE to NWW; length of break surface is 9km,width is 8km, and depth is 8km, displacement vector of three direction are 290mm,560 and 0mm.
The D-INSAR(Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique has got great achievement in the world in the last ten years, it has been a new space observation technique with great potential. But how to disclose source rupture information by D-INSAR meterage result is a more concerned issue at present. The basic theory of seismic focus dislocation model is discussed. Basing on the detailed analysis of interferometric deformation field of Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake on Jan.10,1998, and seismic focus dislocation model in elastic half-space medium. Geometry and kinematics characteristics of main seismic fault are deduced. Results show as follows:seismic break surface of Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake is left-slip and thrust fault,strike SEE-NWW 272°;dip angle 46°; break direction is simple unilateral from SEE to NWW; length of break surface is 9km,width is 8km, and depth is 8km, displacement vector of three direction are 290mm,560 and 0mm.
引文
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单新建、刘 浩,2001,利用干涉合成孔径雷达技术提取数字地面模型(DEM),国土资源遥感,2,43～47。
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刁桂苓、蔡华昌、刁建新等,2001,1998年张北62级地震宏观烈度,华北地震科学,2001,19(1):23～30。
高景春、刁桂苓、张四昌等,2002,以震源精确定位结果分析张北地震序列的破裂特征,地震地质,24(1):81～90。
刘瑞峰、陈运泰、周公威等,1999,地震矩张量反演在地震快速反应中的应用,地震学报,21(2):115～122。
马淑田、陈会忠、王 松等,1998,1998年张北-尚义MS62级地震震源机制的初步研究,地球物理学报,41(5):724～728。
单新建、刘 浩,2001,利用干涉合成孔径雷达技术提取数字地面模型(DEM),国土资源遥感,2,43～47。
王 超、刘 智、张 红等,2000,张北-尚义地震同震形变场雷达差分干涉测量,科学通报,45(23):2550～2553。
徐 杰、宋长青、楚全芝,1998,张家口-蓬莱断裂带地震构造特征的初步探讨,地震地质,20(2):146～154。
徐锡伟、冉勇康、周本刚等,1998,张北-尚义地震的地震构造环境与宏观破裂特征,地震地质,20(2):135～145。
CharlesWJ,WThatcher,DDzurisin,1998,MigrationoffluidsbeneathYellowstoneCalderainferredfromsatelliteradarinterferometry,Science,282:458～462.
DolanJF ,SiehK ,RockwellTK ,etal,1995,ProspectsforlargeormorefrequentearthquakeintheLosAngelesmetropolitanregion,Science,267(5195):199～205.
FeiglKL ,ArnaudS ,DominiqueJ ,1995,Estimationofanearthquakefocalmechanismfromasatelliteradarinterferogram:ApplicationtotheDecember4,1992Landersaftershock,Geophy.Res,Letters,22(9):1037～1040
FeiglKL ,EmmelinDupre,1999,RNGCHN :aprogramtocalculatedisplacementcomponentsfromdislocationinanelastichalf spacewithapplicationformodelinggeodeticmeasurementsofcrustaldeformation,Computers&Geosciences,25:695～704.
FreysteinnSigmundsson,1999,OpeningofaneruptivefissureandseawarddisplacementatPitondelaFournaisevolcanomeasuredbyRADARSATsatelliteradarinterferometry,Geophy.Res,Letters,26(5):533～536.
MeyerB ,ArmijoR ,MassonnetD ,etal.,1996,The1995Grevena(NorthernGreece)Earthquake:FaultModelConstrainedwithTec tonicObservationandSARInterferometry,Geophy.Res.Letters,23(19):2677～2680.
MassonnetD ,RossiM ,CarmonaC ,etal,1993,TheDisplacementfieldofthelandersearthquakemappedbyradarinterferometry,Na ture,364:138～142.
Matsu’uraMandTTanimoto,1980,Quasi staticdeformationduetoaninclined,rectangularfaultinaviscoelastichalf space.J.Phys,Earth,28:103～118.
OkadaY ,1985,Surfacedeformationduetoshearandtensilefaultsinahalf space,Bull.Seism.Soc.Am,75(4):1135～1154.
PeltzerG ,CrampeF ,KingG ,etal.,1999,EvidenceofnonlinearelasticityofthecrustfromtheMw76Mani(Tibet)earthquake,Sci ence,286:272～276.
Steketee,JA ,1958,Onvolterra’sdislocationinasemi infiniteelasticmedium,Can.J.Phys,36:192～205.
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