桥梁墩柱基于性能的抗震设计方法
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摘要
结合基于性能的抗震设计思想,融合反应谱法和基于位移设计方法的优点,发展一种能够同时考虑近断层地震能量和变形需求的桥梁墩柱抗震设计新方法。基于所提出的以性能指标为控制参数的强度折减因子和结构变形等效延性系数,推导与美国UBC97抗震设计规范动力放大系数谱相容的给定性能指标的非弹性位移谱,用于确定目标结构的等效自振周期。给出桥墩抗震设计的完整过程,发展一种桥梁墩柱直接基于性能的抗震设计方法,并以不同高度和预期设计性能目标的桥墩为算例,通过实际近场地震记录和等效模拟脉冲波的非线性时程分析,验证方法的可行性。所建议方法能实现将结构抗震性能指标贯穿到抗震设计的全过程,适用于以弯、剪变形为主的中、低高度桥墩基于性能的抗震设计。
Using the merits of response spectrum method and displacement-based method, a performance-based seismic design procedure was developed, taking into account of the effects of both energy dissipation and displacement demand of near-fault ground motions on bridge piers. By introducing strength reduction factor and equivalent ductility indexwith the performance objective as the control parameter, an inelastic displacementspectrumwith expected performance targetfrom the dynamic amplification coefficient spectrum of UBC97 Seismic Design Code was derived, from which the equivalent structural period of bridge piers can be obtained. For examples of RC bridge piers with various heights and expected performance objectives, the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed method was verified through inelastic time history analyses of near-fault records and equivalent simulation pulse waves. The proposed method could take the expected performance index into the design procedure effectively and is suitable for the seismic design of lowor medium height piers with flexure and shear as the main deformation patterns.
Using the merits of response spectrum method and displacement-based method, a performance-based seismic design procedure was developed, taking into account of the effects of both energy dissipation and displacement demand of near-fault ground motions on bridge piers. By introducing strength reduction factor and equivalent ductility indexwith the performance objective as the control parameter, an inelastic displacementspectrumwith expected performance targetfrom the dynamic amplification coefficient spectrum of UBC97 Seismic Design Code was derived, from which the equivalent structural period of bridge piers can be obtained. For examples of RC bridge piers with various heights and expected performance objectives, the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed method was verified through inelastic time history analyses of near-fault records and equivalent simulation pulse waves. The proposed method could take the expected performance index into the design procedure effectively and is suitable for the seismic design of lowor medium height piers with flexure and shear as the main deformation patterns.
引文
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[6]CECS160:2004建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)[S](CECS160:2004General rule for performance-based seismic design of buildings[S](in Chinese))
[7]翟长海,谢礼立.近场脉冲效应对强度折减系数的影响分析[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(7):15-18(Zhai Changhai,Xie Lili.Adjacent-field velocity pulse effect on strength reduction factors[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(7):15-18(in Chinese))
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[15]Fajfar P.Equivalent ductility factors,taking into account low-cycle fatigue[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1992,21(10):837-848
[16]Calvi G M,Kingsley G R.Displacement-based seismic design of multi-degree-of-freedom bridge structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1995,24:1247-1266
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[18]GB50111—2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社(GB50111—2006Code for seismic design of railway engineering[S](in Chinese))
[19]范立础.桥梁抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版,1997
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[2]Structural Engineers Association of California.A framework for performance-based engineering,SEAOC Vision2000[R].Sacramento,California:Structural Engineering Association of California,1995
[3]Applied Technology Council.A critical review of current approaches to earthquake-resistant design,ATC-34[R].Redwood City,California:Applied Technology Council,1995
[4]Applied Technology Council.Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete building,ATC-40[R].Redwood City,California:Applied Technology Council,1996
[5]Federal Emergency Management Agency.NEHRP guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings,FEMA273,FEMA274[R].Washington D C:Federal Emergency Management Agency,1996
[6]CECS160:2004建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)[S](CECS160:2004General rule for performance-based seismic design of buildings[S](in Chinese))
[7]翟长海,谢礼立.近场脉冲效应对强度折减系数的影响分析[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(7):15-18(Zhai Changhai,Xie Lili.Adjacent-field velocity pulse effect on strength reduction factors[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(7):15-18(in Chinese))
[8]江辉,朱晞.以性能指标为控制变量的强度折减因子[J].铁道学报,2008,30(6):88-95(Jiang Hui,Zhu Xi.Strength reduction factor model with performance index as control parameter[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2008,30(6):88-95(in Chinese))
[9]Park Y J,Ang AH-S.Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739
[10]Park Y J,Ang AH-S.Seismic damage analysis of reinforced concrete buildings[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,112(2):102-109
[11]Hindi R A,Sexsmith R G.A proposed damage model for RC bridge columns under cyclic loading[J].Earthquake Spectra,2001,17(2):261-289
[12]潘龙.基于推倒分析方法的桥梁结构地震损伤分析和性能设计[D].上海:同济大学,2001(Pan Long.Seismic damage assessment and performance design method based on pushover analysis for bridges[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2001(in Chinese))
[13]江辉.近场地震下桥梁结构基于性能抗震设计的能量方法[D].北京:北京交通大学,2007(Jiang Hui.Performance-based seismic design of bridge structure excited by near-fault earthquake using energy concept[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2007(in Chinese))
[14]International Council of Building Officials.Uniform Building Code[S].Whittier,California:International Conference of Building Officials,1997,2:34-35
[15]Fajfar P.Equivalent ductility factors,taking into account low-cycle fatigue[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1992,21(10):837-848
[16]Calvi G M,Kingsley G R.Displacement-based seismic design of multi-degree-of-freedom bridge structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1995,24:1247-1266
[17]Kowalsky M J,Priestley M J N,Macrae GA.Displacement-based design of RC bridge columns in seismic regions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1995,24:1623-1643
[18]GB50111—2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社(GB50111—2006Code for seismic design of railway engineering[S](in Chinese))
[19]范立础.桥梁抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版,1997
[20]王东升,李宏男,赵颖华,等.钢筋混凝土桥墩基于位移的抗震设计方法[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(10):80-86(Wang Dongsheng,Li Hongnan,Zhao Yinghua,et al.Displacement-based seismic design method of RC bridge piers[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(10):80-86(in Chinese))
[21]European Committee for Standardization.Eurocode8:Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures,Part1.1:General rules-seismic actions and general requirements for structures;Part2:Bridges,DD ENV1998[S].Brussels:Comite European de Normalization(CEN),1996
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