5.12汶川大地震伤员北川中学现场救治体会
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摘要
目的总结开展地震现场紧急医疗救治经验。方法对2008年5月12日在四川省汶川县发生的8.0级严重破坏性地震的北川中学现场1520例伤员实施现场救治、现场建立高级医疗抢救站、安全转送伤员等急救措施。结果1520例伤员,抢救成功1513例,成功率99.5%;现场清创缝合387例;7例黑卡者经现场救治后均已死亡,主要原因为创伤性休克和多器官功能衰竭。结论快速、有序的现场医疗急救,科学合理地进行检伤分类、伤员运送,能有效减少严重破坏性地震导致的大批人员伤亡。
Objectives To summarize the experience on the first aid at earthquake-stricken area.Methods We implemented first aid on 1520 wounded people in Beichuan middle school where grade 8 earthquake happened in this region.During the course of rescue,we set up medical salvage station and transferred victims immediately and safely.Results Among the 1520 cases,1513 were successfully rescued,with the successful rate of 99.5%.Debridement and suture was performed on 387 victims.Seven cases died of severe injury complicated by traumatic shock and multiple organ function failure.Conclusion Quick and orderly emergency treatment on the spot,together with scene triage and evacuation,can considerably reduce the mass casualty happened in severely destroyed earthquake area.
Objectives To summarize the experience on the first aid at earthquake-stricken area.Methods We implemented first aid on 1520 wounded people in Beichuan middle school where grade 8 earthquake happened in this region.During the course of rescue,we set up medical salvage station and transferred victims immediately and safely.Results Among the 1520 cases,1513 were successfully rescued,with the successful rate of 99.5%.Debridement and suture was performed on 387 victims.Seven cases died of severe injury complicated by traumatic shock and multiple organ function failure.Conclusion Quick and orderly emergency treatment on the spot,together with scene triage and evacuation,can considerably reduce the mass casualty happened in severely destroyed earthquake area.
引文
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[8]Silbergleit R,Satz W,McNamara RM,et al.Effect of permissive hypo-tension in conscious uncongtrolled intra-abdominal hemorrhage[J].Acad EmergMed,1996,3(10):922-926.
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[11]沈洪.扫描2005国际心肺复苏与心血管急救指南会议(4)—意外事故处理与急救培训[J].中国危重病急救医学,2005,8(17):454.
[2]徐家相.地震灾害的紧急医疗救援[J].中华急诊医学杂志,2005,14(7):557-558.
[3]夏群,金鸿宾,王基.156例伤员修正创伤指数与损伤严重度评比值的比较[J].中华创伤杂志,1997,13(2):85.
[4]洪玉才,张茂.创伤院前急救的若干进展[J].中国急救医学,2005,25(7):516.
[5]Buris D,Rhee P,Kaufmann C,et al.Controlled resuscitation for uncon-trolled hemorrhagic shock J.J Trauma,1999,46(2):216-219.
[6]Stern SA.Low-volume fluid resuscitation for presumed hemorrhagicsgock:helpful or harmful[J].CurrOp in CritCare,2001,7(6):422-430.
[7]Kim SH,Stezosky SW,Safer P,et al.Hypothermia and minimal fliudresuscitation increase survival after uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats[J].J Trauma,1997,42(2):213-222.
[8]Silbergleit R,Satz W,McNamara RM,et al.Effect of permissive hypo-tension in conscious uncongtrolled intra-abdominal hemorrhage[J].Acad EmergMed,1996,3(10):922-926.
[9]Matlox KL,HirshbergA,WallM.Alternate opproches to resuscitation[M].∥Ivatury RR.Penetrating trauma.New York:Williams Wilkins,1996.
[10]Bickell WH,Wall MJ,Pepe PE,et al.Immediate versus delayed fluidresuscitation for hepotensive patients with penetrating torso in juries[J].New Eng J Med,1994,331(17):1105-1109.
[11]沈洪.扫描2005国际心肺复苏与心血管急救指南会议(4)—意外事故处理与急救培训[J].中国危重病急救医学,2005,8(17):454.
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