关于混凝土坝的几个新理念
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摘要
提出了几个关于混凝土坝的新理念:(1)混凝土坝的数字监控,即除进行仪器观测之外,还应从施工期到运行期进行全坝全过程仿真分析,以便随时给出并预报大坝温度场、应力场和安全系数,从而提高大坝安全监控水平;(2)从理论上阐述了混凝土坝耐强烈地震而不垮的机理;(3)提出了混凝土半熟龄期的定义,通过调整半熟龄期,可大幅度降低温度应力,为改善混凝土抗裂能力找到了一条新途径。
Three ideas in construction and design of concrete dams were suggested:(1) For promoting the safety monitoring technology of concrete dams,besides the observation by using instruments,numerical monitoring must be carried out in the whole process for the whole dam from the beginning of construction to put into operation,so that the temperature field,stress field and safety factors of dams can be forecasted at all times.(2)The concrete dam possesses high resistance to strong earthquake and its mechanism was theoretically demonstrated.(3)A new concept of semi-mature age of the mechanical and thermal properties of concrete is proposed,which is defined as the age of concrete during the strength,modulus of elasticity or adiabatic temperature reaching the halves of their final value.By adjusting this semi-mature age,the temperature stress can be greatly reduced.This property parameter provides a new way of promoting the crack resistance of concrete.
Three ideas in construction and design of concrete dams were suggested:(1) For promoting the safety monitoring technology of concrete dams,besides the observation by using instruments,numerical monitoring must be carried out in the whole process for the whole dam from the beginning of construction to put into operation,so that the temperature field,stress field and safety factors of dams can be forecasted at all times.(2)The concrete dam possesses high resistance to strong earthquake and its mechanism was theoretically demonstrated.(3)A new concept of semi-mature age of the mechanical and thermal properties of concrete is proposed,which is defined as the age of concrete during the strength,modulus of elasticity or adiabatic temperature reaching the halves of their final value.By adjusting this semi-mature age,the temperature stress can be greatly reduced.This property parameter provides a new way of promoting the crack resistance of concrete.
引文
[1]朱伯芳,张国新,许平,等.混凝土高坝施工温度与应力控制决策支持系统[J].水利学报,2008,39(1):1-4.
[2]朱伯芳,张国新,郑璀莹,贾金生.混凝土坝运行期安全评估与全坝全过程有限元仿真分析[J].大坝与安全,2007,(6):9-12.
[3]朱伯芳.混凝土坝的数字监控[J].水利水电技术,2008,(2):15-18.
[4]朱伯芳.1999年台湾921集集大地震中的水利水电工程[J].水力发电学报,2003,(1):21-33.
[5]朱伯芳.论混凝土坝的抗地震问题[J].水利水电技术,1963,(3):17-29.
[6]陈厚群.混凝土坝的抗震[A].水利水电科技进展[C].第二册,北京:电力工业出版社,1981.
[7]朱伯芳.强地震区高拱坝抗震配筋问题[J].水力发电,2000,(7):18-21.
[8]朱伯芳,高季章,陈祖煜,厉易生.拱坝设计与研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[9]SL 319-2005,混凝土重力坝设计规范[S].
[10]SL 282-2003,混凝土拱坝设计规范[S].
[11]DL 5073-1997,水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].
[2]朱伯芳,张国新,郑璀莹,贾金生.混凝土坝运行期安全评估与全坝全过程有限元仿真分析[J].大坝与安全,2007,(6):9-12.
[3]朱伯芳.混凝土坝的数字监控[J].水利水电技术,2008,(2):15-18.
[4]朱伯芳.1999年台湾921集集大地震中的水利水电工程[J].水力发电学报,2003,(1):21-33.
[5]朱伯芳.论混凝土坝的抗地震问题[J].水利水电技术,1963,(3):17-29.
[6]陈厚群.混凝土坝的抗震[A].水利水电科技进展[C].第二册,北京:电力工业出版社,1981.
[7]朱伯芳.强地震区高拱坝抗震配筋问题[J].水力发电,2000,(7):18-21.
[8]朱伯芳,高季章,陈祖煜,厉易生.拱坝设计与研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[9]SL 319-2005,混凝土重力坝设计规范[S].
[10]SL 282-2003,混凝土拱坝设计规范[S].
[11]DL 5073-1997,水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].
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