汶川大地震前GPS时间序列的振荡分析
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摘要
采用复小波分析技术,分析了中国大陆GPS基准站水平向时间序列的多时间尺度和周期性变化特征。结果表明,青藏高原GPS站的南北分量在2007年初至汶川大地震发生前,出现一个周期的准同步周年振荡异常,且向北方向的半周期波峰振幅明显高于各点在印尼苏门答腊巨震后大尺度北东向长趋势运动的加速度,这可能是导致龙门山闭锁段破裂的重要触发因子。这种振荡的周期集中在汶川大地震前355～375天,与地球绕太阳公转周期非常一致。
The article analyzed multi-time scale characteristics and seasonal changes of horizontal time series of GPS fiducial stations in Mainland China by complex wavelet analysis techniques.The results showed that,from early 2007 to the Wenchuan earthquake,a quasi-synchronous annual cycle abnormal oscillation occurred in north-south components in GPS stations of Tibet Plateau.The northward amplitudes were significantly higher than their accelerations of large-scale trends in north-east movement after the great Sumatra earthquake in Indonesia.The phenomenon was explained as follows.The great Sumatra earthquake in Indonesia might be an important trigger factor leading to the breakdown of Longmenshan locked segments.This cycle of Oscillation before the Wenchuan earthquake concentrated in between 355 days and 375 days(with the earth around the sun very consistent cycle),leading to the reasons for this change is unclear,pending further in-depth study.
The article analyzed multi-time scale characteristics and seasonal changes of horizontal time series of GPS fiducial stations in Mainland China by complex wavelet analysis techniques.The results showed that,from early 2007 to the Wenchuan earthquake,a quasi-synchronous annual cycle abnormal oscillation occurred in north-south components in GPS stations of Tibet Plateau.The northward amplitudes were significantly higher than their accelerations of large-scale trends in north-east movement after the great Sumatra earthquake in Indonesia.The phenomenon was explained as follows.The great Sumatra earthquake in Indonesia might be an important trigger factor leading to the breakdown of Longmenshan locked segments.This cycle of Oscillation before the Wenchuan earthquake concentrated in between 355 days and 375 days(with the earth around the sun very consistent cycle),leading to the reasons for this change is unclear,pending further in-depth study.
引文
[1]青藏高原的边界以“大陆强震机理”(973项目)一级活动地块的划分为参考.
[1]中国地壳运动观测网络《数据处理说明》.
陈祖安,林邦慧,白武明,等.2009.2008年汶川8.0级地震孕震机理研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):408-417.
方颖,江在森,顾国华.2007.用网络滤波方法探讨华北地块边界带运动[J].地震研究,30(2):152-156.
符养,肖义国,韩英,等.2006.利用TOPEX卫星测高资料研究全球海面高周年和半周年波动传播规律[J].地球物理学报,49(6):1635-1643.
顾国华.2006.参考框架、坐标变换和地壳运动[J].测绘通报,8:24-28.
江在森,方颖,武艳强,等.2009.汶川8.0级地震前区域地壳运动与变形动态过程[J].地球物理学报,52(2):505-518.
江在森,马宗晋,张希,等.2003.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变场与构造变形[J].地球物理学报,46(3):352-358.
李延兴,张静华,周伟,等.2009.汶川8.0地震孕育发生的机制与动力学问题[J].地球物理学报,52(2):519-530.
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申小海,曾峰,薛克武.2008.地壳板块的运动及其驱动力[J].河南科学,26(3):343-347.
王连捷,张利容,王薇,等.1997.地球自转速率变化引起的全球应力场[J].地质力学学报,3(3):12-20.
王敏,沈正康,董大南.2005.非构造形变对GPS连续站位置时间序列的影响和修正[J].地球物理学报,48(5):1045-1052.
吴小平,黄雍,胡家富,等.2008.汶川MS8.0巨震产生的完全库仑破裂应力变化及其余震震群[J].地震研究,31(4):317-323.
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袁林果,丁晓利,陈武,等.2008.香港GPS基准站坐标序列特征分析[J].地球物理学报,51(5):1372-1384.
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朱守彪,张培震.2009.2008年汶川MS8.0地震发生过程的动力学机制研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):418-427.
朱文耀,符养,李彦.2003.GPS高程导出的全球高程振荡运动及季节变化[J].中国科学(D辑),33(5):470-481.
D o ng D,fnag P,Bock.Y,et al Dong,P Fang,Y Bock,et al.2002Anato-my of apparent seasonal variation from GPS-derived site position[J].J Geophys Res,107,10.1029/2001JB000573.
D o ng D,Hening T A,King R W D,et al.1998.Estimating regional de-formation from a combination of space and terrestrial geodetic data[J].J.Geod.,72:200-214.
Do ng D.Bock Y.1989.Global Positioning System network analysis withphase ambiguity resolution applied to crustal deformation studies inCalifornia[J].J Geophys Res,94:3949-3966.
R o yden L H,Burchfiel B C,King R W,et al.1997.Surface deformationand lower crustal flow in eastern Tibet[J].Science,276(2):788-790.
R o yden L H,Burchfiel B C,Robert D van der Hilst.2008.The geologicalevolution of the Tibetan plateau[J].Science,321:1054-1058.
[1]中国地壳运动观测网络《数据处理说明》.
陈祖安,林邦慧,白武明,等.2009.2008年汶川8.0级地震孕震机理研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):408-417.
方颖,江在森,顾国华.2007.用网络滤波方法探讨华北地块边界带运动[J].地震研究,30(2):152-156.
符养,肖义国,韩英,等.2006.利用TOPEX卫星测高资料研究全球海面高周年和半周年波动传播规律[J].地球物理学报,49(6):1635-1643.
顾国华.2006.参考框架、坐标变换和地壳运动[J].测绘通报,8:24-28.
江在森,方颖,武艳强,等.2009.汶川8.0级地震前区域地壳运动与变形动态过程[J].地球物理学报,52(2):505-518.
江在森,马宗晋,张希,等.2003.GPS初步结果揭示的中国大陆水平应变场与构造变形[J].地球物理学报,46(3):352-358.
李延兴,张静华,周伟,等.2009.汶川8.0地震孕育发生的机制与动力学问题[J].地球物理学报,52(2):519-530.
刘贵忠,邸双亮.1992.小波分析及其应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社.
申小海,曾峰,薛克武.2008.地壳板块的运动及其驱动力[J].河南科学,26(3):343-347.
王连捷,张利容,王薇,等.1997.地球自转速率变化引起的全球应力场[J].地质力学学报,3(3):12-20.
王敏,沈正康,董大南.2005.非构造形变对GPS连续站位置时间序列的影响和修正[J].地球物理学报,48(5):1045-1052.
吴小平,黄雍,胡家富,等.2008.汶川MS8.0巨震产生的完全库仑破裂应力变化及其余震震群[J].地震研究,31(4):317-323.
於宗俦,鲁林成.1978.测量平差基础[M].北京:测绘出版社.
袁林果,丁晓利,陈武,等.2008.香港GPS基准站坐标序列特征分析[J].地球物理学报,51(5):1372-1384.
曾融生,孙为国.1992.青藏高原岩石圈及其东部邻区的地震活动性和震源机制以及高原物质东流的讨论[J].地震学报,14(增刊):523-533.
张培震.2008.青藏高原东缘川西地区的现今构造变形、应变分配与深部动力过程[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,38(9):1041-1056.
朱守彪,张培震.2009.2008年汶川MS8.0地震发生过程的动力学机制研究[J].地球物理学报,52(2):418-427.
朱文耀,符养,李彦.2003.GPS高程导出的全球高程振荡运动及季节变化[J].中国科学(D辑),33(5):470-481.
D o ng D,fnag P,Bock.Y,et al Dong,P Fang,Y Bock,et al.2002Anato-my of apparent seasonal variation from GPS-derived site position[J].J Geophys Res,107,10.1029/2001JB000573.
D o ng D,Hening T A,King R W D,et al.1998.Estimating regional de-formation from a combination of space and terrestrial geodetic data[J].J.Geod.,72:200-214.
Do ng D.Bock Y.1989.Global Positioning System network analysis withphase ambiguity resolution applied to crustal deformation studies inCalifornia[J].J Geophys Res,94:3949-3966.
R o yden L H,Burchfiel B C,King R W,et al.1997.Surface deformationand lower crustal flow in eastern Tibet[J].Science,276(2):788-790.
R o yden L H,Burchfiel B C,Robert D van der Hilst.2008.The geologicalevolution of the Tibetan plateau[J].Science,321:1054-1058.
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