顺层岩质高边坡地震变形破坏机制三维数值反演研究
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摘要
提出了工程地质分析与三维反演模拟相结合的方法,以揭示边坡地震渐进破坏的失稳过程和失稳机制。结合西南某水电站顺层岩质高边坡工程实例。研究该高边坡地震后工程地质特性,恢复边坡震前的地形地貌,建立地震前未滑塌边坡的三维模型。利用FLAC3D对模型进行动力-时程响应分析,绘制位移、速度、加速度三量放大系数等值线图,判断地震破坏位置。数值模拟结果与边坡实际滑塌情况相符。应用工程地质分析与三维反演模拟结合的方法,揭示了边坡后发型阶段性逐级滑塌的破坏机制以及大夹角折线形的后缘破坏面形状。三维数值反演研究中采用的岩体动力参数,为正演研究提供了参考。
The failure of a high rock slope is a common phenomena in nature, however it is a very complex subject which is worth studding. This paper presents an analytical method, which is a combination of methods of engineering geology and back analysis, for simulating the deformation behaviors in earthquake and providing some useful insights into the deformation mechanisms. Based on a project of a high dip bedding rock slope of a hydropower station in Southwest China, at first the engineering geological characteristics of the high slope is analyzed. Secondly, a 3D numerical model of the slope before the earthquake is established by estimating the ancient topographic and morphologic characteristics and reinstating the glided mass. Then the software FLAC3D is used to analyze the seismic time-history response of this slope. The calculated results accord with the situation happened in the earthquake. Finally, this 3D dynamic response back analysis method can provides the dynamic coefficients of rock mass which can be used in the next numerical modeling for this slope.
The failure of a high rock slope is a common phenomena in nature, however it is a very complex subject which is worth studding. This paper presents an analytical method, which is a combination of methods of engineering geology and back analysis, for simulating the deformation behaviors in earthquake and providing some useful insights into the deformation mechanisms. Based on a project of a high dip bedding rock slope of a hydropower station in Southwest China, at first the engineering geological characteristics of the high slope is analyzed. Secondly, a 3D numerical model of the slope before the earthquake is established by estimating the ancient topographic and morphologic characteristics and reinstating the glided mass. Then the software FLAC3D is used to analyze the seismic time-history response of this slope. The calculated results accord with the situation happened in the earthquake. Finally, this 3D dynamic response back analysis method can provides the dynamic coefficients of rock mass which can be used in the next numerical modeling for this slope.
引文
[1]王思敬,张菊明.边坡岩体滑动稳定的动力学分析[J].地质科学,1982,(2):162-170.WANG Si-jing,ZHANG Ju-ming.On the dynamic stability of block sliding on rock slopes[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,1982,(2):162-170.
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[3]薛守义,王思敬,刘建中.块状岩体边坡地震滑动位移分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(2):131-136.XUE Shou-yi,WANG Si-jing,LIU Jian-zhong.Analysis of sliding displacements of rockmass on slopes earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1997,5(2):131-136.
[4]祁生文.边坡动力响应研究及应用[博士学位论文D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2002.
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[7]刘红帅.岩质边坡地震稳定性分析方法研究[博士学位论文D]哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2006.
[8]SURENDRA M.膨胀土选译文集编辑组.国外膨胀土研究新技术”[C]//第五届国际膨胀土大会论文选译.成都:成都科技出版社,1986.
[9]秋仁东,石玉成,付长华.高边坡在水平动荷载作用下的动力响应规律研究[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(2):131-138QIU Ren-dong,SHI Yu-cheng,FU Chang-hua.General laws of dynamic responses of the high slopes under horizontal dynamic input[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2007,23(2):133-138
[10]KUHLEMEYER R L,LYSMER J.Finite element method accuracy for wave propagation problems[J].Journal of Soil Mech.&Foundations Div.,ASCE,1973,99(SM5):421-427.
[11]蒋溥,戴丽思.工程地震学概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.
[12]中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院.工程选址地址报告[R].贵阳:中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院,2007.
[13]郭志.实用岩体力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.
[14]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.FLAC-3D(Fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in3dimensions),version2.0,users manual(volumeⅤ)[R].USA:Itasca Consulting Group In.c,1997.
[15]KUNAR R R,BERESFORD P J,CUNDALL P A.A tested soil-structure model for surface interaction[R].India:Rookee Univ.,1977.
[16]祁生文.边坡动力响应规律研究[J].中国科学(E辑技术科学),2003,33(增刊):28-40.QI Sheng-wen.General laws of dynamic responses of slope[J].Science in China(Ser.E,Technological Sciences),2003,33(Supp.):28-40.
[17]祁生文.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2792-2797.QI Sheng-wen,Engineering geology analysis on stability of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2792-2797.
[18]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.
[19]丁彦慧.中国西部地区地震滑坡预测方法研究[硕士学位论文D].北京:中国地质大学,1997.
[20]YEGIAN M K,MARCIANO E A,GHAHRAMAN V G.Seismic risk analysis for earth dams[J].Journal of Geotech.Engineering,1991,117(1):18-34.
[2]王存玉,王思敬.边坡模型震动试验研究[C]//岩体工程地质力学问题(7).北京:科学出版社,1988.
[3]薛守义,王思敬,刘建中.块状岩体边坡地震滑动位移分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(2):131-136.XUE Shou-yi,WANG Si-jing,LIU Jian-zhong.Analysis of sliding displacements of rockmass on slopes earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1997,5(2):131-136.
[4]祁生文.边坡动力响应研究及应用[博士学位论文D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2002.
[5]何蕴龙,陆述远.岩石边坡地震作用近似计算方法[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(2):66-68.HE Yun-long,LU Shu-yuan.A method for calculating the seismic action rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(2):66-68.
[6]陈玲玲,陈敏中,钱胜国.岩质陡高边坡地震动力稳定分析[J].长江科学院院报,2004,1(21):33-35.CHEN Ling-ling,CHEN Min-zhong,QIAN Sheng-guo.Stability analysis of high-steep rocky slope under earthquake loads[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2004,21(1):33-35.
[7]刘红帅.岩质边坡地震稳定性分析方法研究[博士学位论文D]哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2006.
[8]SURENDRA M.膨胀土选译文集编辑组.国外膨胀土研究新技术”[C]//第五届国际膨胀土大会论文选译.成都:成都科技出版社,1986.
[9]秋仁东,石玉成,付长华.高边坡在水平动荷载作用下的动力响应规律研究[J].世界地震工程,2007,23(2):131-138QIU Ren-dong,SHI Yu-cheng,FU Chang-hua.General laws of dynamic responses of the high slopes under horizontal dynamic input[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2007,23(2):133-138
[10]KUHLEMEYER R L,LYSMER J.Finite element method accuracy for wave propagation problems[J].Journal of Soil Mech.&Foundations Div.,ASCE,1973,99(SM5):421-427.
[11]蒋溥,戴丽思.工程地震学概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.
[12]中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院.工程选址地址报告[R].贵阳:中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院,2007.
[13]郭志.实用岩体力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.
[14]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.FLAC-3D(Fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in3dimensions),version2.0,users manual(volumeⅤ)[R].USA:Itasca Consulting Group In.c,1997.
[15]KUNAR R R,BERESFORD P J,CUNDALL P A.A tested soil-structure model for surface interaction[R].India:Rookee Univ.,1977.
[16]祁生文.边坡动力响应规律研究[J].中国科学(E辑技术科学),2003,33(增刊):28-40.QI Sheng-wen.General laws of dynamic responses of slope[J].Science in China(Ser.E,Technological Sciences),2003,33(Supp.):28-40.
[17]祁生文.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2792-2797.QI Sheng-wen,Engineering geology analysis on stability of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2792-2797.
[18]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.
[19]丁彦慧.中国西部地区地震滑坡预测方法研究[硕士学位论文D].北京:中国地质大学,1997.
[20]YEGIAN M K,MARCIANO E A,GHAHRAMAN V G.Seismic risk analysis for earth dams[J].Journal of Geotech.Engineering,1991,117(1):18-34.
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