小江断裂带地下流体记震能力分析
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摘要
收集并整理了云南地区小江断裂带附近十口流体观测井对印度尼西亚苏门答腊4次8级以上地震的响应资料,并对各观测井的记震能力及其流体测项间的响应协调性进行了统计分析。分析结果显示:物理量观测项的记震能力强于化学量观测项,水位测项的记震能力强于水温测项;小江断裂带南端各观测点的记震能力强于中部及北端各观测点;水位的同震响应形态多表现为震时振荡,而水温则多表现为震时脉冲下降。最后分析了记震协调性较好的高大、弥勒和嵩明三井的记震特征。
Co-seismic changes of ten wells around Xiaojiang fault zone aroused by four Ms>8.0 earthquakes in Sumatra, Indonesia was collected, and the earthquake reflecting capacities and harmonizing characters between water levels and temperatures were analyzed. The results reveal that the reflecting capacity of physics observation is better than that of chemical observation, and water level can reflect more earthquakes than water temperature. The wells around the south of the Xiaojiang fault zone have stronger capacity of co-seismic response waves than the north ones. The response forms of water levels are mostly fluctuating, whereas water temperatures are mostly descending. Former researches on co-seismic mechanism of groundwater are summarized. Finally, reflecting characters of Gaoda, Mile and Songming wells are analyzed, which have more harmonizing co-seismic phenomena.
Co-seismic changes of ten wells around Xiaojiang fault zone aroused by four Ms>8.0 earthquakes in Sumatra, Indonesia was collected, and the earthquake reflecting capacities and harmonizing characters between water levels and temperatures were analyzed. The results reveal that the reflecting capacity of physics observation is better than that of chemical observation, and water level can reflect more earthquakes than water temperature. The wells around the south of the Xiaojiang fault zone have stronger capacity of co-seismic response waves than the north ones. The response forms of water levels are mostly fluctuating, whereas water temperatures are mostly descending. Former researches on co-seismic mechanism of groundwater are summarized. Finally, reflecting characters of Gaoda, Mile and Songming wells are analyzed, which have more harmonizing co-seismic phenomena.
引文
[1]陈大庆,刘耀炜.我国在井-含水层系统对地震波同震响应方面的研究进展[J].国际地震动态,2006,7:27-31.
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[6]King C.Y.,Azuma S.,Igarashi G.,et al.Earthquake-related water-level changes at16closely clustered wells in Tono,central Japan[J].J Geophys Res,1999,104(B6):13073-13082.
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[8]David R.M.,Michael M.Streamflow and water well responses to earthquakes[J].Science,2003,300(27):2047-2049.
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[10]黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明,等.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,2000,20(增刊):119-125.
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[12]中国地震局监测预报司.2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊8.7级大地震及其对中国大陆地区的影响[M].北京:地震出版社,2005,131-258.
[13]Huang F.Groundwater changes in Yunnan,China induced by the2004Sumatra earthquake[A].EOS Trans AGU,Fall Meet Suppl[C].Abstract S13C-0256.2006.
[14]车用太,王铁城,鱼金子.我国水震波研究的现状与方向[J].地震,1989,9(1):70-72.
[15]张子广,万迪堃，董守玉.水震波与地震面波的对比研究及其应用[J].地震,1998,18(4):399-404
[16]鱼金子,车用太,刘五洲.井水温度微动态形成的水动力学机制研究[J].地震,1997,17(4):389-396.
[17]杨竹转,邓志辉,赵云旭.云南思茅大寨井水位同震阶变的初步研究[J].地震学报,2005,27(5):569-574.
[18]张昭栋,郑得媛,殷积涛,等.井水位振荡试验及其结果[J].地震地质,1992,14(2):183-187.
[19]陈大庆,刘耀炜,杨选辉,等.远场大震的水位、水温同震响应及其机理研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(1):122-132.
[20]石耀霖,曹建玲,马丽,等.唐山井水温的同震变化及其物理解释[J].地震学报,2007,29(5):265-273.
[2]蔡祖煌.北京洼里深井水位变化所记录的地球固体湖和地震波[J].地震学报,1980,2(2):205-214.
[3]付子忠.地热动态观测与地热前兆[A].中国地震局地壳应力研究所,地壳构造与地壳应力文集[C].北京:地震出版社,1981,1-7.
[4]Quilty E.G.,Roeloffs E.A.Water level changes in response to the December20,1994M4.7earthquake near Parkfield,California[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,1997,87:310-317.
[5]Roeloffs E.A.Persistent water level changes in a well near Parkfield California,due to local and distant earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103(B1):869-889.
[6]King C.Y.,Azuma S.,Igarashi G.,et al.Earthquake-related water-level changes at16closely clustered wells in Tono,central Japan[J].J Geophys Res,1999,104(B6):13073-13082.
[7]Brodsky E.E.,Roeloffs E.A.,Woodcock D.,el al.A mechanism for sustained groundwater pressure changes induced by distant earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,2003,108(B8),doi:10.1029/2002JB002321.
[8]David R.M.,Michael M.Streamflow and water well responses to earthquakes[J].Science,2003,300(27):2047-2049.
[9]李有才.四川深井水位同震阶变异常与地震预报[J].四川地震,1995,3:32-35.
[10]黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明,等.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,2000,20(增刊):119-125.
[11]付虹,刘丽芳,王世芹,等.地方震及近震地下水同震震后效应研究[J].地震,2002,22(4):55-66.
[12]中国地震局监测预报司.2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊8.7级大地震及其对中国大陆地区的影响[M].北京:地震出版社,2005,131-258.
[13]Huang F.Groundwater changes in Yunnan,China induced by the2004Sumatra earthquake[A].EOS Trans AGU,Fall Meet Suppl[C].Abstract S13C-0256.2006.
[14]车用太,王铁城,鱼金子.我国水震波研究的现状与方向[J].地震,1989,9(1):70-72.
[15]张子广,万迪堃，董守玉.水震波与地震面波的对比研究及其应用[J].地震,1998,18(4):399-404
[16]鱼金子,车用太,刘五洲.井水温度微动态形成的水动力学机制研究[J].地震,1997,17(4):389-396.
[17]杨竹转,邓志辉,赵云旭.云南思茅大寨井水位同震阶变的初步研究[J].地震学报,2005,27(5):569-574.
[18]张昭栋,郑得媛,殷积涛,等.井水位振荡试验及其结果[J].地震地质,1992,14(2):183-187.
[19]陈大庆,刘耀炜,杨选辉,等.远场大震的水位、水温同震响应及其机理研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(1):122-132.
[20]石耀霖,曹建玲,马丽,等.唐山井水温的同震变化及其物理解释[J].地震学报,2007,29(5):265-273.
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