含水量对沉积岩力学性质及其冲击倾向性的影响
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摘要
通过试验和统计分析系统研究不同含水条件下煤系沉积岩石力学性质及其冲击倾向性,建立岩石力学性质及其冲击倾向性与含水量之间的相关关系和模型,揭示含水量对岩石力学性质及其冲击倾向性的控制机制。研究表明:岩石单轴抗压强度和弹性模量值随含水量的增加而降低;不同岩性岩石单轴抗压强度和弹性模量值受含水量的影响程度不同,降低的速率受岩性所控制。在干燥或较少含水量情况下,应力–应变曲线在峰值强度后岩石表现为脆性和剪切破坏,具有明显的应变软化特性,且随着含水量的增加,峰值强度后岩石主要为塑性破坏,应变软化特性不明显。随着含水量的增加,岩石脆性指标修正值(BIM)逐渐增加,弹性变形指数逐渐减小,岩石在受力过程中储存的弹性应变能随含水量的增加而急剧减少,而消耗的塑性永久变形能相对增加,即岩石的冲击倾向性随含水量的增加而显著降低。
The mechanical properties of coal series sedimentary rock and its bursting potential in different moisture contents are studied,and the models and correlations between moisture content and bursting potential are established. The controlling mechanism of moisture content of mechanical properties of sedimentary rock and its bursting potential is also revealed. It is shown that the uniaxial compressive strength and the values of elastic modulus decrease with the increase of moisture content,whose influence degree differs from lithology,and the decreasing rates are controlled by lithology. The rock after peak strength of stress-strain curve represents brittleness and shear failure has obvious strain softening behavior in the condition of dried or with small moisture content. With increase of moisture content,the brittleness index modified(BIM) of rock increases gradually,while elastic deformation exponential decreases and the stored elastic strain energy decreases sharply in the process of stress;however,the consumed permanent plastic deformation energy increases relatively,which means that the bursting potential of rock decreases significantly with the increase of moisture content.
The mechanical properties of coal series sedimentary rock and its bursting potential in different moisture contents are studied,and the models and correlations between moisture content and bursting potential are established. The controlling mechanism of moisture content of mechanical properties of sedimentary rock and its bursting potential is also revealed. It is shown that the uniaxial compressive strength and the values of elastic modulus decrease with the increase of moisture content,whose influence degree differs from lithology,and the decreasing rates are controlled by lithology. The rock after peak strength of stress-strain curve represents brittleness and shear failure has obvious strain softening behavior in the condition of dried or with small moisture content. With increase of moisture content,the brittleness index modified(BIM) of rock increases gradually,while elastic deformation exponential decreases and the stored elastic strain energy decreases sharply in the process of stress;however,the consumed permanent plastic deformation energy increases relatively,which means that the bursting potential of rock decreases significantly with the increase of moisture content.
引文
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[8]KIDYBINSKI A.Bursting liability indices of coal[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18(6):295–304.
[9]NEYMAN B,SZECOWKA Z,ZUBEREK W.Effective methods for fighting rock burst in Polish collieries[C]//Proceedings of the5th Int.Strata Control conf.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1972:1–9.
[10]AUBERTIN M,GILL D E,SIMON R.On the use of the brittleness index modified(BIM)to estimate the post-peak behavior of rocks[C]//The First North American Rock Mech.Symposium.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1994:945–952.
[11]唐礼忠,王文星.一种新的岩爆倾向性指标[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):874–878.(TANG Lizhong,WANG Wenxing.New rock burst proneness index[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):874–878.(in Chinese))
[12]MENG Z P,PAN J N.Correlation between petrographic characteristics and failure duration in clastic rocks[J].Engineering Geology,2007,89:258–265.
[13]周瑞光,曲永新,成彬芳,等.山东龙口北皂煤矿软岩力学特性试验研究[J].工程地质学报,1996,4(4):55–60.(ZHOU Ruiguang,QU Yongxin,CHENG Binfang,et al.The mechanical properties of soft and weak rock in Longkou coal mine,Shandong[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1996,4(4):55–60.(in Chinese))
[14]HUECKEL T.Hysteresis evolution and failure in cyclic loading of dilatant rocks[C]//Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials:Theory and Applications.[S.l.]:Elsevier Science Pub.,1987:565–572.
[2]MüLLER L.岩石力学[M].李世平译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981.(MüLLER L.Rock mechanics[M].Translated by LI Shiping.Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1981.(in Chinese))
[3]张金才,张玉卓,刘天泉.岩体渗流与煤层底板突水[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.(ZHANG Jincai,ZHANG Yuzhuo,LIU Tianquan.Rock mass seepage and seepage and water projecting in coal bed[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997.(in Chinese))
[4]孟召平.含煤岩系岩石力学性质控制因素探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(1):102–106.(MENG Zhaoping.Study on control factors of rock mechanics properties of coal-bearing formation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics And Engineering,2002,21(1):102–106.(in Chinese))
[5]王军,何淼,汪中卫.膨胀砂岩的抗剪强度与含水量的关系[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(1):98–102.(WANG Jun,HE Miao,WANG Zhongwei.Relationship between the shear strength and water content of swelling sandstones[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(1):98–102.(in Chinese))
[6]刘斌,王宝善,席道瑛,等.水饱和裂纹对地壳岩样中地震波速及各向异性的影响[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):702–710.(LIU Bin,WANG Baoshan,XI Daoying,et al.The effects of water saturated cracks on seismic velocity and anisotropy in crustal rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1999,42(5):702–710.(in Chinese))
[7]WANG J A,PARK H D.Comprehensive prediction of rock burst based on analysis of strain energy in rocks[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16(1):49–57.
[8]KIDYBINSKI A.Bursting liability indices of coal[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18(6):295–304.
[9]NEYMAN B,SZECOWKA Z,ZUBEREK W.Effective methods for fighting rock burst in Polish collieries[C]//Proceedings of the5th Int.Strata Control conf.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1972:1–9.
[10]AUBERTIN M,GILL D E,SIMON R.On the use of the brittleness index modified(BIM)to estimate the post-peak behavior of rocks[C]//The First North American Rock Mech.Symposium.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema,1994:945–952.
[11]唐礼忠,王文星.一种新的岩爆倾向性指标[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):874–878.(TANG Lizhong,WANG Wenxing.New rock burst proneness index[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):874–878.(in Chinese))
[12]MENG Z P,PAN J N.Correlation between petrographic characteristics and failure duration in clastic rocks[J].Engineering Geology,2007,89:258–265.
[13]周瑞光,曲永新,成彬芳,等.山东龙口北皂煤矿软岩力学特性试验研究[J].工程地质学报,1996,4(4):55–60.(ZHOU Ruiguang,QU Yongxin,CHENG Binfang,et al.The mechanical properties of soft and weak rock in Longkou coal mine,Shandong[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1996,4(4):55–60.(in Chinese))
[14]HUECKEL T.Hysteresis evolution and failure in cyclic loading of dilatant rocks[C]//Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials:Theory and Applications.[S.l.]:Elsevier Science Pub.,1987:565–572.
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