塔里木盆地库车坳陷盐构造运动学特征
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摘要
本文根据大量地震与地质资料的综合分析,对表征库车坳陷盐构造流动变形特征的净生长量、生长率及应变速率进行了定量分析。厘定库车坳陷盐构造初始形成时间在中新世早期,盐构造早期生长缓慢而稳定;上新世中晚期一第四纪进入快速生长期,晚期盐构造生长速率高且差别大。库车坳陷盐构造演化可分为盐膏层沉积期、低幅度盐枕缓慢发育期、盐背斜构造发育期、盐底辟发展期、盐底辟刺穿破坏期五个连续演化阶段。
This paper quantitatively describes the net growth, net growth rate and strain rate of the salt structures in the Kuqa depression and illustrates the salt movement characteristics of Kuqa depression based on analysis of abundant seismic and geological data. The first movement of the salt began in the early Miocene, when the salt structure grew slowly and stably. The fast growth of the salt structure took place from the middle-late Pliocene to Quaternary, featuring quick and differentiated growth. The salt structure in the Kuqa depression has five continuous growth stages: sedimentation of salt and gypsum, slow growth of low-relief salt pillows, development of salt anticlines, salt diapir expansion and breakage of salt diapir piercement.
This paper quantitatively describes the net growth, net growth rate and strain rate of the salt structures in the Kuqa depression and illustrates the salt movement characteristics of Kuqa depression based on analysis of abundant seismic and geological data. The first movement of the salt began in the early Miocene, when the salt structure grew slowly and stably. The fast growth of the salt structure took place from the middle-late Pliocene to Quaternary, featuring quick and differentiated growth. The salt structure in the Kuqa depression has five continuous growth stages: sedimentation of salt and gypsum, slow growth of low-relief salt pillows, development of salt anticlines, salt diapir expansion and breakage of salt diapir piercement.
引文
陈楚铭,卢华复,贾东,等.1999.塔里木盆地北缘库车再生前陆褶皱 逆冲带中丘里塔格前锋带的构造与油气.地质论评,45(4):423 -433.
陈书平,汤良杰,贾承造.2003.前陆区盐层对盐上盐下层构造高点的 控制及石油地质意义.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,28(3): 290-297.
管树巍,汪新,杨树锋,等.2003.南天山库车秋里塔格褶皱带三维构 造分析.地质论评,49(5):464-473.
贾承造,顾家裕,张光亚,等.2002.库车坳陷大中型气田形成的地质 条件.科学通报,47(增刊):49-55.
贾承造,赵文智,魏国齐,等.2003.盐构造与油气勘探.石油勘探与开 发,30(2):17-19.
雷刚林,张国伟,刘志宏.2001.库车前陆逆冲带生长地层及其在油气 勘探中的意义.新疆石油地质,22(2):107-110.
刘晓峰,解习农.2001.与盐构造相关的流体流动和油气运聚.地学前 缘,8(4):343-349.
刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,等.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带造山运动时 间、断层滑移速率的厘定及其意义.石油勘探与开发,27(1):12 -15.
卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征 与成因.石油学报,21(3):18-24.
吕修祥,金之钧,周新源,等.2000.塔里木盆地库车坳陷与膏盐岩相关的油气聚集.石油勘探与开发,27(4):20-22.
秦胜飞,贾承造,陶士振.2002.塔里木盆地库车坳陷油气成藏的若干 特征.中国地质,29(1):103-108.
汤良杰,贾承造,皮学军,等.2003a.库车前陆褶皱带盐相关构造样 式.中国科学(D辑),33(1):38-46.
汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,等.2003b.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段 盐相关构造特征与油气聚集.地质论评,49(5):501-506.
汤良杰,金之钧,贾承造,等.2004.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带前缘大型 盐推覆构造.地质学报,76(1):17-25.
田作基,宋建国.1999:塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成 演化.石油学报,20(4):7-13.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋等.2002.南天山库车冲断褶皱带构造变形时 间.地质学报,76(1):55-63.
王子煜.2002a.库车坳陷西部中新生代地层岩石物理和力学性质.地 球物理学进展,17(3):391-399.
王子煜.2002b.库车坳陷断层控制下的盐岩塑性流动及对上覆地层 构造影响的沙箱模拟.石油实验地质,24(5):441-445.
邬光辉,刘玉魁,罗俊成,等.2003.库车坳陷盐构造特征及其对油气 成藏的作用.地球学报,24(3):249-254.
张明山,姚宗惠,陈发景.2002.塑性岩体与逆冲构造变形关系讨论 --库车坳陷西部实例分析.地学前缘,9(4):371-376.
赵文智,许大丰,张朝军,等.1998.库车坳陷构造变形层序划分及在 油气勘探中的意义,石油学报,19(3):1-5.
Chen Churning, Lu Huafu, Jia Dong, et al. 1999. Structures and petroleum accumulation in the Qiulitag thrust front of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland fold-thrust belt on the northern margin of the Tarim basin. Geological Review, 45 (4) : 423 - 433 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen Shuping, Tang Liangjie, Jia Chengzao. 2003. Control of structural heights in overburden and substrate evaporite layers in forelands and its petroleum implication. Earth Science -Journal of China University of Geosciences, 28 (3) : 297 - 300 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Davison I, Alsop I, Birch P, et al. 2000. Geometry and late-stage structural of Central Graben salt diapirs, North Sea. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 17:499-522,
Ge H X, Jackson M P A, Vendeville B C. 1997. Kinematics and dynamics of salt tectonics driven by progradation. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,81(3) :398-423.
Guan Shuwei, Wang Xin, Yang Shufeng, et al. 2003. 3-D structural analysis on the Kuqa's Qiulitag anticline zone of the southern Tianshan mountains, China. Geological Review,49(5) :464-473 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Hossack J. 1995. Geometric rules of section balancing for salt structures. In; Jackson M P A, Roberts D G, Snelson S, eds. Salt tectonics: a global perspective. AAPG Menoir 65:29-40.
Jackson M P A, Talbot C J. 1986. External shapes, strain rates, and dynamics of salt structures. AAPG Bulletin, 97(3): 305-323.
Jackson M P A. 1995. Retrospective salt tectonics. In: Jackson M P A, Roberts D G, Snelson S, eds. Salt tectonics: a global perspective. AAPG Menoir 65:1-28.
Jia Chengzao, Gu Jiayu, Zhang Guangya. 2002. Geological constraints of giant and medium-sized gas fields in Kuqa depression. Chinese Science Bulletin,47(Supp. ):49-55 (in Chinese).
Jia Chengzao, Zhao Wenzhi, Wei Guoqi, et al. 2003. Salt structuresand exploration of oil and gas. Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,30(2) :17-19 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Lei Ganglin, Zhang Guowei, Liu Zhihong. 2001. The growthformation of Kuqa foreland overthrust belt and its application in oilgas exploration. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 22(2):107-110(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Xiaofeng, Xie Xinong. 2001. Fluid flow, hydrocarbon migrationand accumulation associated with salt tectonics. Earth ScienceFrontiers,8(4) :343-349 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Zhihong, Lu Huafu, Jia Chengzao et al. 2000. Orogeny timing andfault-slip rate and their significance to the rejuvenated forelandthrusts belt of Kucha. Petroleum Exploration and Development,27(1):12-15 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Huafu, Chen Churning, Liu Zhihong, et al. 2000. The structuralfeatures and origin of the kuqa rejuvenation foreland thrust belt.Acta Petrolei Sinica, 21 (3) : 18 - 24 (in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Lu Xiuxiang, Jin Zhijun, Zhou Xinyuan, et al. 2000. Oil and gasaccumulation related to evaporite rocks in Kuqa depression ofTarim basin Petroleum. Exploration and Development, 27(4) :20-22 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Mazariegos R A, Andrews M J, Russell J E. 1996. Modeling theevolution of salt structures using nqnlinear rock flow laws.Tectonophysics ,256:129-143.
Montgomery S L,Moore D C. 1997. Subsalt play,Gulf of Mexico:Areview. The American Association of Petroleum GeologistsBulletin,81(5) :876-896.
Qin Shengfei, Jia Chengzao, Tao Shizhen. 2002 . Some characteristicsof oil and gas accumulation in the Kuqa depression, Tarim basin.Geology in China, 29 (1) : 103 - 108 (in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Schultz-Ela D D. 2003. Origin of drag folds hording salt diapers. TheAmerican Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,87(5) :757-780.
Senni S J, Jackson M P A. 1983. Evolution of salt structures, eastTexas diapir province, part 2: patterns and rates of halokinesis.The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 67(8):1245-1274.
Talbot C J, Jarvis R J. 1984. Age, budget and dynamics of an activesalt extrusion in Iran. Journal of Structural Geology, 6(5):521-533.
Tang Liangjie, Jia Chengzao, Pi Xuejun, et al. 2003. Salt relatedstructural styles in Kucha foreland folded belts. Science in China(Series D) , 33 (1):38-46 (in Chinese).
Tang Liangjie, Jia Chengzao, Jin Zhijun, et al. 2004. Salt-relatedstructural characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation in themiddle segment of the Kuqa foreland belt in the northern Tarimbasin. Geological Review, 49 (5) : 501 - 506 (in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Tang Liangjie, Jin Zhijun, Jia Chengzao, et al. 2004. A large-scalesalt nappe complex in the leading edge of the Kuqa foreland folde-thrust belt, Tarim basin, northern China. Acta Geologica Sinica,78(1) :17-25 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian Zuoji, Song Jianguo. 1999. Tertiary structure characteristics andevolution of Kuche foreland basin, 20(4) :7 -13 (in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Trusheim F. 1960. Mechanism of salt migration in northernGermany. AAPG Bulletin, 44(9) :1519-1540.
Velaj T,Davison I,Serjani A,et al. 1999. Thurst tectonics and the role of evaporates in the Ionian zone of the Albanides. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,83(9) :1408- 1425.
Volozh Y, Talbot C, Ismail-Zadeh A. 2003. Salt structures and hydrocarbons in the Pricaspian basin. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,87(2) : 313 - 334.
Wang Xin, Jia Chengzao, Yang Shufeng, et al. 1999. The time of deformation on the Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt in the southern Tianshan-based on the Kuqa river area. Acta Geologica Sinica, 76(1):55-63 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Ziyu. 2002a. Physical and mechanical properties of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks in the west of Kucha depression in Tarim basin. Progress in Geophysics, 17(3) : 391 -399 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Ziyu. 2002b. Sandbox simulation of saltrock plastic flow controlled by faults in the Kucha depression of Tarim basin and itsinfluence on overlying stratigraphic structures. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 24 (5): 441 -445 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Guanghui, Liu Yukui, Luo Juncheng, et al. 2003. The salt structure characteristics and its effect to reservoir-forming in Kucha depression. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 24(3): 249 - 254 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Mingshan, Yao Zonghui, Chen Fajing. 2002. A discussion on the relationship between plastic body and deformation of thrust structure - - in western Kucha depression of China as an example. Earth Science Frontiers, 9 (4) : 371 -376 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Wenzhi, Xu Dafeng, Zhang Chaojun,et al. 1998. Division of structural deformed sequence in kuche depression and significance for oil- gas exploration. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 19 (3) : 1 - 5 (in Chinese with English abstract).
陈书平,汤良杰,贾承造.2003.前陆区盐层对盐上盐下层构造高点的 控制及石油地质意义.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,28(3): 290-297.
管树巍,汪新,杨树锋,等.2003.南天山库车秋里塔格褶皱带三维构 造分析.地质论评,49(5):464-473.
贾承造,顾家裕,张光亚,等.2002.库车坳陷大中型气田形成的地质 条件.科学通报,47(增刊):49-55.
贾承造,赵文智,魏国齐,等.2003.盐构造与油气勘探.石油勘探与开 发,30(2):17-19.
雷刚林,张国伟,刘志宏.2001.库车前陆逆冲带生长地层及其在油气 勘探中的意义.新疆石油地质,22(2):107-110.
刘晓峰,解习农.2001.与盐构造相关的流体流动和油气运聚.地学前 缘,8(4):343-349.
刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,等.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带造山运动时 间、断层滑移速率的厘定及其意义.石油勘探与开发,27(1):12 -15.
卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征 与成因.石油学报,21(3):18-24.
吕修祥,金之钧,周新源,等.2000.塔里木盆地库车坳陷与膏盐岩相关的油气聚集.石油勘探与开发,27(4):20-22.
秦胜飞,贾承造,陶士振.2002.塔里木盆地库车坳陷油气成藏的若干 特征.中国地质,29(1):103-108.
汤良杰,贾承造,皮学军,等.2003a.库车前陆褶皱带盐相关构造样 式.中国科学(D辑),33(1):38-46.
汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,等.2003b.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段 盐相关构造特征与油气聚集.地质论评,49(5):501-506.
汤良杰,金之钧,贾承造,等.2004.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带前缘大型 盐推覆构造.地质学报,76(1):17-25.
田作基,宋建国.1999:塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成 演化.石油学报,20(4):7-13.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋等.2002.南天山库车冲断褶皱带构造变形时 间.地质学报,76(1):55-63.
王子煜.2002a.库车坳陷西部中新生代地层岩石物理和力学性质.地 球物理学进展,17(3):391-399.
王子煜.2002b.库车坳陷断层控制下的盐岩塑性流动及对上覆地层 构造影响的沙箱模拟.石油实验地质,24(5):441-445.
邬光辉,刘玉魁,罗俊成,等.2003.库车坳陷盐构造特征及其对油气 成藏的作用.地球学报,24(3):249-254.
张明山,姚宗惠,陈发景.2002.塑性岩体与逆冲构造变形关系讨论 --库车坳陷西部实例分析.地学前缘,9(4):371-376.
赵文智,许大丰,张朝军,等.1998.库车坳陷构造变形层序划分及在 油气勘探中的意义,石油学报,19(3):1-5.
Chen Churning, Lu Huafu, Jia Dong, et al. 1999. Structures and petroleum accumulation in the Qiulitag thrust front of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland fold-thrust belt on the northern margin of the Tarim basin. Geological Review, 45 (4) : 423 - 433 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen Shuping, Tang Liangjie, Jia Chengzao. 2003. Control of structural heights in overburden and substrate evaporite layers in forelands and its petroleum implication. Earth Science -Journal of China University of Geosciences, 28 (3) : 297 - 300 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Davison I, Alsop I, Birch P, et al. 2000. Geometry and late-stage structural of Central Graben salt diapirs, North Sea. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 17:499-522,
Ge H X, Jackson M P A, Vendeville B C. 1997. Kinematics and dynamics of salt tectonics driven by progradation. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,81(3) :398-423.
Guan Shuwei, Wang Xin, Yang Shufeng, et al. 2003. 3-D structural analysis on the Kuqa's Qiulitag anticline zone of the southern Tianshan mountains, China. Geological Review,49(5) :464-473 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Hossack J. 1995. Geometric rules of section balancing for salt structures. In; Jackson M P A, Roberts D G, Snelson S, eds. Salt tectonics: a global perspective. AAPG Menoir 65:29-40.
Jackson M P A, Talbot C J. 1986. External shapes, strain rates, and dynamics of salt structures. AAPG Bulletin, 97(3): 305-323.
Jackson M P A. 1995. Retrospective salt tectonics. In: Jackson M P A, Roberts D G, Snelson S, eds. Salt tectonics: a global perspective. AAPG Menoir 65:1-28.
Jia Chengzao, Gu Jiayu, Zhang Guangya. 2002. Geological constraints of giant and medium-sized gas fields in Kuqa depression. Chinese Science Bulletin,47(Supp. ):49-55 (in Chinese).
Jia Chengzao, Zhao Wenzhi, Wei Guoqi, et al. 2003. Salt structuresand exploration of oil and gas. Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,30(2) :17-19 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Lei Ganglin, Zhang Guowei, Liu Zhihong. 2001. The growthformation of Kuqa foreland overthrust belt and its application in oilgas exploration. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 22(2):107-110(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Xiaofeng, Xie Xinong. 2001. Fluid flow, hydrocarbon migrationand accumulation associated with salt tectonics. Earth ScienceFrontiers,8(4) :343-349 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Zhihong, Lu Huafu, Jia Chengzao et al. 2000. Orogeny timing andfault-slip rate and their significance to the rejuvenated forelandthrusts belt of Kucha. Petroleum Exploration and Development,27(1):12-15 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Huafu, Chen Churning, Liu Zhihong, et al. 2000. The structuralfeatures and origin of the kuqa rejuvenation foreland thrust belt.Acta Petrolei Sinica, 21 (3) : 18 - 24 (in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Lu Xiuxiang, Jin Zhijun, Zhou Xinyuan, et al. 2000. Oil and gasaccumulation related to evaporite rocks in Kuqa depression ofTarim basin Petroleum. Exploration and Development, 27(4) :20-22 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Mazariegos R A, Andrews M J, Russell J E. 1996. Modeling theevolution of salt structures using nqnlinear rock flow laws.Tectonophysics ,256:129-143.
Montgomery S L,Moore D C. 1997. Subsalt play,Gulf of Mexico:Areview. The American Association of Petroleum GeologistsBulletin,81(5) :876-896.
Qin Shengfei, Jia Chengzao, Tao Shizhen. 2002 . Some characteristicsof oil and gas accumulation in the Kuqa depression, Tarim basin.Geology in China, 29 (1) : 103 - 108 (in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Schultz-Ela D D. 2003. Origin of drag folds hording salt diapers. TheAmerican Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,87(5) :757-780.
Senni S J, Jackson M P A. 1983. Evolution of salt structures, eastTexas diapir province, part 2: patterns and rates of halokinesis.The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 67(8):1245-1274.
Talbot C J, Jarvis R J. 1984. Age, budget and dynamics of an activesalt extrusion in Iran. Journal of Structural Geology, 6(5):521-533.
Tang Liangjie, Jia Chengzao, Pi Xuejun, et al. 2003. Salt relatedstructural styles in Kucha foreland folded belts. Science in China(Series D) , 33 (1):38-46 (in Chinese).
Tang Liangjie, Jia Chengzao, Jin Zhijun, et al. 2004. Salt-relatedstructural characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation in themiddle segment of the Kuqa foreland belt in the northern Tarimbasin. Geological Review, 49 (5) : 501 - 506 (in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Tang Liangjie, Jin Zhijun, Jia Chengzao, et al. 2004. A large-scalesalt nappe complex in the leading edge of the Kuqa foreland folde-thrust belt, Tarim basin, northern China. Acta Geologica Sinica,78(1) :17-25 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian Zuoji, Song Jianguo. 1999. Tertiary structure characteristics andevolution of Kuche foreland basin, 20(4) :7 -13 (in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Trusheim F. 1960. Mechanism of salt migration in northernGermany. AAPG Bulletin, 44(9) :1519-1540.
Velaj T,Davison I,Serjani A,et al. 1999. Thurst tectonics and the role of evaporates in the Ionian zone of the Albanides. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,83(9) :1408- 1425.
Volozh Y, Talbot C, Ismail-Zadeh A. 2003. Salt structures and hydrocarbons in the Pricaspian basin. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,87(2) : 313 - 334.
Wang Xin, Jia Chengzao, Yang Shufeng, et al. 1999. The time of deformation on the Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt in the southern Tianshan-based on the Kuqa river area. Acta Geologica Sinica, 76(1):55-63 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Ziyu. 2002a. Physical and mechanical properties of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks in the west of Kucha depression in Tarim basin. Progress in Geophysics, 17(3) : 391 -399 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Ziyu. 2002b. Sandbox simulation of saltrock plastic flow controlled by faults in the Kucha depression of Tarim basin and itsinfluence on overlying stratigraphic structures. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 24 (5): 441 -445 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Guanghui, Liu Yukui, Luo Juncheng, et al. 2003. The salt structure characteristics and its effect to reservoir-forming in Kucha depression. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 24(3): 249 - 254 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Mingshan, Yao Zonghui, Chen Fajing. 2002. A discussion on the relationship between plastic body and deformation of thrust structure - - in western Kucha depression of China as an example. Earth Science Frontiers, 9 (4) : 371 -376 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Wenzhi, Xu Dafeng, Zhang Chaojun,et al. 1998. Division of structural deformed sequence in kuche depression and significance for oil- gas exploration. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 19 (3) : 1 - 5 (in Chinese with English abstract).
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