基于局部特征尺度分解的经验包络解调方法及其在机械故障诊断中的应用
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摘要
提出一种基于局部特征尺度分解(Local characteristic-scale decomposition,LCD)和经验包络(Empirical envelope method,EE)解调的非平稳信号分析方法。该方法通过局部特征尺度分解将一个复杂信号自适应地分解为若干个内禀尺度分量之和,对得到的各个内禀尺度分量进行经验包络解调,得到各个分量信号的瞬时幅值和瞬时频率信息,从而得到原始信号完整的时频分布。采用仿真信号将基于LCD和EE解调的时频分析方法和希尔伯特黄变换方法进行对比,结果表明,新提出的信号分解和解调方法在抑制端点效应和迭代所需时间,瞬时特征的精确性等方面优于希尔伯特黄变换方法。针对滚动轴承和齿轮故障振动信号的调制特点,将基于LCD和EE的时频分析方法引入机械故障诊断中,对试验信号的分析结果表明,基于LCD和EE的时频分析方法能有效地提取机械故障振动信号的特征。
Based on the local characteristic-scale decomposition(LCD) and the empirical envelope(EE) demodulation,a new non-stationary signal analysis method is put forward.By using the LCD a complex signal can be decomposed adaptively into some intrinsic scale components(ISC) and a trend.The EE technique is utilized to demodulate the ISCs and the instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies of them are obtained.The whole time-frequency distribution of the original signal is acquired.The newly proposed approach is compared with the Hilbert-Huang transforms(HHT) method as well by analyzing the simulation signals.The results indicate that the newly proposed method is superior to the HHT method in restraining the end effect,iteration time and the accuracy of the instantaneous characteristics.The time-frequency method based on the LCD and EE demodulation is applied to the mechanical fault diagnosis.By analyzing the experimental data,the results show that the time-frequency method based on the LCD and the EE demodulation approach can extract the fault characteristics of mechanical vibration signals and can fulfill the fault diagnosis efficiently.
Based on the local characteristic-scale decomposition(LCD) and the empirical envelope(EE) demodulation,a new non-stationary signal analysis method is put forward.By using the LCD a complex signal can be decomposed adaptively into some intrinsic scale components(ISC) and a trend.The EE technique is utilized to demodulate the ISCs and the instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies of them are obtained.The whole time-frequency distribution of the original signal is acquired.The newly proposed approach is compared with the Hilbert-Huang transforms(HHT) method as well by analyzing the simulation signals.The results indicate that the newly proposed method is superior to the HHT method in restraining the end effect,iteration time and the accuracy of the instantaneous characteristics.The time-frequency method based on the LCD and EE demodulation is applied to the mechanical fault diagnosis.By analyzing the experimental data,the results show that the time-frequency method based on the LCD and the EE demodulation approach can extract the fault characteristics of mechanical vibration signals and can fulfill the fault diagnosis efficiently.
引文
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[18]程军圣,郑近德,杨宇.一种新的非平稳信号分析方法—局部特征尺度分解法[J].振动工程学报,2012,25(2):215-220.CHENG Junsheng,ZHENG Jinde,YANG Yu.A new non-stationary signal analysis approach-the local characteristic-scale decomposition method[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2012,25(2):215-220.
[19]HUANG N E,WU Z H,LONG S R,et al.On the frequency[J].Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis,2009,1(2):177-229.
[2]HUANG N E,SHEN Z,LONG R S,et al.The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis[J].Proc.Roy.Soc.London,1998,454:903-995.
[3]HUANG N E,WU Z H.A review on Hilbert–Huang transform:Method and its applications to geophysical studies[J].Adv.Adapt.Data Anal.,2009,1:1-23.
[4]于德介,程军圣,杨宇.Hilbert-Huang变换在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(6):102-107.YU Dejie,CHENG Junsheng,YANG Yu.Application of Hilbert-Huang transform method to gear fault diagnosis[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(6):102-107.
[5]HUANG N E,SHEN Z,LONG R S.A new view of nonlinear water waves-the Hilbert spectrum[J].Annu.Rev.Fluid Mech.,1999,31:417-457.
[6]钱昌松,刘代志,刘志刚,等.基于递归高通滤波的经验模态分解及其在地震信号分析中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(5):1212-1225.QIAN Changsong,LIU Daizhi,LIU Zhigang,et al.EMD based on recursive high-pass filter and its application on seismic signal analysis[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2010,53(5):1212-1225.
[7]KHALDI K,BOUDRAA A O,BOUCHICHIKHI A,et al.Speech signal noise reduction by EMD[J].Proc.IEEE ISCCSP,Malta,2008:1-4.
[8]于德介,程军圣,杨宇.机械故障诊断的Hilbert-Huang变换方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.YU Dejie,CHENG Junsheng,YANG Yu.Mechanical fault diagnosis method of Hilbert-Huang transform[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[9]YU Dejie,CHENG Junsheng,YANG Yu.Fault diagnosis approach for roller bearing based on empirical mode decomposition method and hilbert transform[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,18(2):267-270.
[10]FREI M G,OSORIO I.Intrinsic time-scale decomposition:Time-frequency-energy analysis and real-time filtering of non-stationary signals[J].Proc.Royal Soc.A,2007,463:321-342.
[11]何正嘉,陈进,王太勇,等.机械故障诊断理论及应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.HE Zhengjia,CHEN Jin,WANG Taiyong,et al.Theories and applications of machinery fault diagnostics[M].Beijing:High Education Press,2010.
[12]丁康,孔正国.振动调幅调频信号的调制边频带分析及其解调方法[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(6):9-12.DING Kang,KONG Zhengguo.Modulated sideband analysis and demodulation method of vibration AM-FM signals[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2005,24(6):9-12.
[13]黄大吉,赵进甲,苏纪兰.希尔波特-黄变换的端点延拓[J].海洋学报,2003,25(1):l-11.HUANG Daji,ZHAO Jinjia,SU Jilan.Practical implementation of the Hilbert-Huang transform algorithm[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2003,25(1)l:-11.
[14]邓拥军,王伟,钱成春,等.EMD及Hilbert变换中边界的处理[J].科学通报,2001,48(3):257-263.DENG Yongjun,WANG Wei,QIAN Chengchun,et al.Comments and modifications on EMD method[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,48(3):257-263.
[15]程军圣,于德介,杨宇.基于支持矢量回归机的Hilbert-Huang端点效应问题的处理方法[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(4):24-31.CHENG Junsheng,YU Dejie,YANG Yu.Process method for end effects of Hilbert-Huang transform based on support vector regression machines[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(4):24-31.
[16]HUANG N E,SHEN Z,LONG R S,et al.A confidence limit for the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis[J].Proc.R.Soc.London A,2003,459(2037):2317-2345.
[17]RILLING G,FLANDRIN P,GONCALVES P.On empirical mode decomposition and its algorithms[C]//Proceedings of IEEE-EURASIP Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing NSIP-2003,June,2003,Grado,Italy.IEEE,2003:8-11.
[18]程军圣,郑近德,杨宇.一种新的非平稳信号分析方法—局部特征尺度分解法[J].振动工程学报,2012,25(2):215-220.CHENG Junsheng,ZHENG Jinde,YANG Yu.A new non-stationary signal analysis approach-the local characteristic-scale decomposition method[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2012,25(2):215-220.
[19]HUANG N E,WU Z H,LONG S R,et al.On the frequency[J].Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis,2009,1(2):177-229.
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