塔河油田火山岩的层位归属、火山岩岩石学与岩相学特征
摘要
火山岩顶、底地层中的微古化石组合研究表明:塔河油田火山岩的形成时代为二叠纪。岩石学、岩相学、地球物理测井与地震学综合研究结果显示,火山岩主要为英安岩和玄武岩。存在两次火山喷发旋回,形成下部玄武岩、上部英安岩或单一英安岩的垂向火山喷发序列。玄武岩呈带状分布于研究区西部和南部古地貌低洼区,以上平下凸的透镜状河谷充填式地震反射为特点;英安岩分布于北部及东北部地区,以下平上凸的丘形反射形态为特征。可划分出火山爆发相、火山溢流相和火山沉积相3个岩相带。火山爆发相位于火山喷发中心地带,研究区以火山熔岩溢流相为主,火山沉积相布范围局限,位于岩体边缘。火山活动具有喷发频率低、间隔时间短、以宁静的溢流式喷发为主间或伴随较强烈的爆发式喷发为特点。火山活动喷发中心可能是由西南逐渐向东北方向迁移的。
It is important both theoretically and practically in exploration and development for volcanic reservoirs to investigate rock types, associations of lithoficies, volcanic activities and spatial distributions for volcano-related rocks. The micro-fossils in the Triassic overlying the volcanic rocks directly and in the Lower Carboniferous under the volcanic rocks implied that the volcanic rocks might erupt during Permian, which was further confirmed by the isotopic dating. A study on petrology and petrochemisry indicated the main rock type being lava,with part of volcaniclastics, minor sedimentary volcaniclastics, volcaniclastic lava and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks. The basalt and dacite were dominated among the lava. There existed two volcanic eruption cycles, which resulted in vertical volcanic eruption successions of basalt in the lower and dacite in the upper, or a simple dacite eruption cycle. The basalt's distribution was controlled by topographic relief: in the zonal depressions in western and southern part, which was characterized by upper-flat and lower convex lens-shaped valley filling seismic reflection. By contrast, the dacite was featured by up-convex and lower flat with mound seismic reflection distributed in the northern and northeastern part of the area. Three volcanic lithofacies, namely, the explosive, effusive and volcanic sedimentary facies could be recognized. The former was located only around the volcanic eruption center, the latter distributed along the margin of lava with restricted dimension, and the effusive facies distributed broadly. The volcanic activities might be of lower eruption frequency, short interval between volcanic eruption cycles, and relatively quiet eruption, occasionally accompanied by intensive explosive eruption. The eruptional centers migrated northeastwards.
It is important both theoretically and practically in exploration and development for volcanic reservoirs to investigate rock types, associations of lithoficies, volcanic activities and spatial distributions for volcano-related rocks. The micro-fossils in the Triassic overlying the volcanic rocks directly and in the Lower Carboniferous under the volcanic rocks implied that the volcanic rocks might erupt during Permian, which was further confirmed by the isotopic dating. A study on petrology and petrochemisry indicated the main rock type being lava,with part of volcaniclastics, minor sedimentary volcaniclastics, volcaniclastic lava and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks. The basalt and dacite were dominated among the lava. There existed two volcanic eruption cycles, which resulted in vertical volcanic eruption successions of basalt in the lower and dacite in the upper, or a simple dacite eruption cycle. The basalt's distribution was controlled by topographic relief: in the zonal depressions in western and southern part, which was characterized by upper-flat and lower convex lens-shaped valley filling seismic reflection. By contrast, the dacite was featured by up-convex and lower flat with mound seismic reflection distributed in the northern and northeastern part of the area. Three volcanic lithofacies, namely, the explosive, effusive and volcanic sedimentary facies could be recognized. The former was located only around the volcanic eruption center, the latter distributed along the margin of lava with restricted dimension, and the effusive facies distributed broadly. The volcanic activities might be of lower eruption frequency, short interval between volcanic eruption cycles, and relatively quiet eruption, occasionally accompanied by intensive explosive eruption. The eruptional centers migrated northeastwards.
引文
①罗静兰,蒲仁海,张成立,等.2003.塔河地区火山岩展布与火山活动机制的研究.
①杨国栋,董凯林,魏玲.2000,2002.地质矿产部西北石油地质中心实验室古生物组分析报告.
①赵治信,刘静江.1997.塔里木盆地石炭—二叠纪地层基准剖面的建立及其对比.
②杨国栋.2000.地质矿产部西北石油地质中心实验室古生物组分析报告.
刘静江,刘慧荣,谭琳,张春莲.2004.塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系古潜山油气成藏与分布.地质科学,39(4):532—542.LiuJingjiang,LiuHuirong,TanLinandZhangChunlian.2004.ReservoircharacteristicsanddistributionsoftheOrdovicianburiedhillreservoirinLunan,TarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(4):532—542.
罗静兰,邵红梅,张成立.2003.火山岩油气藏研究方法与勘探技术综述.石油学报,24(1):31—38.LuoJinglan,ShaoHongmeiandZhangChengli.2003.Summaryofresearchmethodsandexplorationtechnologiesforvolcanicreservoirs.ActaPetroleiSinica,24(1):31—38.
邱家骧.1985.岩浆岩岩石学.北京:地质出版社.66—71.QiuJiaxiang.1985.IgneousPetrology.Beijing:GeologicalPubl.House.66—71.
司马立强.2002.测井地质应用技术.北京:石油工业出版社.198—265.SimaLiqiang.2002.ApplicationTechnologyofWellLogGeology.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress.198—265.
宋文杰,李曰俊,王国林,胡剑风,闵磊,谢烈文.2003.塔里木盆地中部志留-泥盆系沉积构造背景.地质科学,38(4):519—528.SongWenjie,LiYuejun,WangGuolin,HuJianfeng,MinLeiandXieLiewen.2003.Sedimento-tectonicsettingoftheSilu-rian-DevonianclasticrocksincentralTarimBasin,NWChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,38(4):519—528.
孙龙德,李曰俊.2004.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起:一个复式油气聚集区.地质科学,39(2):296—304.SunLongdeandLiYuejun.2004.TheLunnanLowerUplift:amultipleoil-gasaccumulationplayintheTarimBasin,NWChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(2):296—304.
孙龙德,周新源,王国林.2005.塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展和油气勘探主攻方向.地质科学,40(2):167—178.SunLongde,ZhouXinyuanandWangGuolin.2005.Contributionsofpetroleumgeologyandmaindirectionsofoil-gasexplora-tionintheTarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,40(2):167—178.
王国林,彭更新,邱斌,雷刚林,聂采军,罗俊成,黄智斌.2004.塔里木盆地西北缘克孜布拉克剖面下二叠统砂岩沉积构造背景的初步研究.地质科学,39(4):599—603.WangGuolin,PengGengxin,QiuBin,LeiGanglin,NieCaijun,LuoJunchengandHuangZhibin.2004.ApreliminarystudyonLowerPermiansandstonefromtheKezibulakeprofileinNWmarginofTarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(4):599—603.
王克宁.1992.地震记录极性和层位标定研究.石油地球物理勘探,27(1):130—139.WangKening.1992.Researchonseismogrampolarizationandlayerlabeling.PetroleumGeophysicalExploration,27(1):130—139.
杨金龙,罗静兰,何发歧,俞任连,翟晓先.2004.塔河地区二叠系火山岩储集层特征.石油勘探与开发,31(4):44—47.YangJinlong,LuoJinglan,HeFaqi,YuRenlianandZhaiXiaoxian.2004.CharacteristicsofthePermianvolcanicreservoirinTaheregion.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,31(4):44—47.
杨树锋,陈汉林,董传万,贾承造,魏国齐.1996.塔里木盆地晚古生代火山岩的分布与油气演化的关系.见:董晓光,梁狄刚,贾承造主编,塔里木石油地质研究新进展.北京:科学出版社.150—158.YangShufeng,ChenHanlin,DongChuanwan,JiaChengzaoandWeiGuoqi.1996.ThedistributionofLatePaleozoicvolcan-icrocksanditsrelationshiptotheoil-gasinTarimBasin.in:TongXiaoguang,LiangDigangandJiaChengzao.eds.AdvancesinPetroleumGeologicalStudyinTarim,Xinjiang,China.Beijing:SciencePress.150—158.
周新源,李曰俊,郭宏,胡剑风,杨文静,谭泽金.2002.中国陆上最深钻井———塔参1井的地层剖面及讨论.地质科学,37(增刊):14—21.ZhouXinyuan,LiYuejun,GuoHong,HuJianfeng,YangWenjingandTanZejin.2002.Stratigraphicsectionandsomedis-cussionsofdrillingWellTacan1:thedeepestwellon-landinChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,37(Suppl.):14—21.
朱筱敏,张强,赵澄林,吕雪雁.2004.塔里木中部地区东河砂岩段沉积特征和沉积环境演变.地质科学,39(1):27—35.ZhuXiaomin,ZhangQiang,ZhaoChenglinandL櫣X櫣eyan.2004.SedimentaryfaciesandenvironmentalchangesoftheDonghesandstoneincentralTarim.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(1):27—35.
BrownAR.1999.3—DSeismicInterpretation(5thEd.).AAPGMem.40.187—203.
GaoS,LingWL,QiuYM,ZhouL,HartmannGandSimonK.1999.ContrastinggeochemicalandSm-Ndisotopiccomposi-tionsofArcheanmetasedimentsfromtheKonglinghigh-gradeterrainoftheYangtzecraton:Evidenceforcratonicevo-lutionandredistributionofREEduringcrustalanatexis.Geochim.Cosmochim.Acta,63:2071—2088.
IrvineTNandBaragarWRA.1971.Aguidetothechemicalclassificationofthecommonvolcanicrocks.Can.Jour.EarthSciences,8:523—528
LeMaitreRW,BatemanP,DudekA,LameyreKL,LeBasMJ,SabinePA,SchmidR,SorencenH,StreckeisenA,Wool-
leyARandZanettinB.1989.AClassificationofIgneousRocksandGlossaryofTerms.Oxford:Blackwell.1—50.
WinchesterJAandFloydPA.1977.Geochemicaldiscriminationofdifferentmagmasseriesandtheirdifferentiationproductsusingimmobileelements.Chem.Geol.,20:325—343.
①杨国栋,董凯林,魏玲.2000,2002.地质矿产部西北石油地质中心实验室古生物组分析报告.
①赵治信,刘静江.1997.塔里木盆地石炭—二叠纪地层基准剖面的建立及其对比.
②杨国栋.2000.地质矿产部西北石油地质中心实验室古生物组分析报告.
刘静江,刘慧荣,谭琳,张春莲.2004.塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系古潜山油气成藏与分布.地质科学,39(4):532—542.LiuJingjiang,LiuHuirong,TanLinandZhangChunlian.2004.ReservoircharacteristicsanddistributionsoftheOrdovicianburiedhillreservoirinLunan,TarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(4):532—542.
罗静兰,邵红梅,张成立.2003.火山岩油气藏研究方法与勘探技术综述.石油学报,24(1):31—38.LuoJinglan,ShaoHongmeiandZhangChengli.2003.Summaryofresearchmethodsandexplorationtechnologiesforvolcanicreservoirs.ActaPetroleiSinica,24(1):31—38.
邱家骧.1985.岩浆岩岩石学.北京:地质出版社.66—71.QiuJiaxiang.1985.IgneousPetrology.Beijing:GeologicalPubl.House.66—71.
司马立强.2002.测井地质应用技术.北京:石油工业出版社.198—265.SimaLiqiang.2002.ApplicationTechnologyofWellLogGeology.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress.198—265.
宋文杰,李曰俊,王国林,胡剑风,闵磊,谢烈文.2003.塔里木盆地中部志留-泥盆系沉积构造背景.地质科学,38(4):519—528.SongWenjie,LiYuejun,WangGuolin,HuJianfeng,MinLeiandXieLiewen.2003.Sedimento-tectonicsettingoftheSilu-rian-DevonianclasticrocksincentralTarimBasin,NWChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,38(4):519—528.
孙龙德,李曰俊.2004.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起:一个复式油气聚集区.地质科学,39(2):296—304.SunLongdeandLiYuejun.2004.TheLunnanLowerUplift:amultipleoil-gasaccumulationplayintheTarimBasin,NWChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(2):296—304.
孙龙德,周新源,王国林.2005.塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展和油气勘探主攻方向.地质科学,40(2):167—178.SunLongde,ZhouXinyuanandWangGuolin.2005.Contributionsofpetroleumgeologyandmaindirectionsofoil-gasexplora-tionintheTarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,40(2):167—178.
王国林,彭更新,邱斌,雷刚林,聂采军,罗俊成,黄智斌.2004.塔里木盆地西北缘克孜布拉克剖面下二叠统砂岩沉积构造背景的初步研究.地质科学,39(4):599—603.WangGuolin,PengGengxin,QiuBin,LeiGanglin,NieCaijun,LuoJunchengandHuangZhibin.2004.ApreliminarystudyonLowerPermiansandstonefromtheKezibulakeprofileinNWmarginofTarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(4):599—603.
王克宁.1992.地震记录极性和层位标定研究.石油地球物理勘探,27(1):130—139.WangKening.1992.Researchonseismogrampolarizationandlayerlabeling.PetroleumGeophysicalExploration,27(1):130—139.
杨金龙,罗静兰,何发歧,俞任连,翟晓先.2004.塔河地区二叠系火山岩储集层特征.石油勘探与开发,31(4):44—47.YangJinlong,LuoJinglan,HeFaqi,YuRenlianandZhaiXiaoxian.2004.CharacteristicsofthePermianvolcanicreservoirinTaheregion.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,31(4):44—47.
杨树锋,陈汉林,董传万,贾承造,魏国齐.1996.塔里木盆地晚古生代火山岩的分布与油气演化的关系.见:董晓光,梁狄刚,贾承造主编,塔里木石油地质研究新进展.北京:科学出版社.150—158.YangShufeng,ChenHanlin,DongChuanwan,JiaChengzaoandWeiGuoqi.1996.ThedistributionofLatePaleozoicvolcan-icrocksanditsrelationshiptotheoil-gasinTarimBasin.in:TongXiaoguang,LiangDigangandJiaChengzao.eds.AdvancesinPetroleumGeologicalStudyinTarim,Xinjiang,China.Beijing:SciencePress.150—158.
周新源,李曰俊,郭宏,胡剑风,杨文静,谭泽金.2002.中国陆上最深钻井———塔参1井的地层剖面及讨论.地质科学,37(增刊):14—21.ZhouXinyuan,LiYuejun,GuoHong,HuJianfeng,YangWenjingandTanZejin.2002.Stratigraphicsectionandsomedis-cussionsofdrillingWellTacan1:thedeepestwellon-landinChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,37(Suppl.):14—21.
朱筱敏,张强,赵澄林,吕雪雁.2004.塔里木中部地区东河砂岩段沉积特征和沉积环境演变.地质科学,39(1):27—35.ZhuXiaomin,ZhangQiang,ZhaoChenglinandL櫣X櫣eyan.2004.SedimentaryfaciesandenvironmentalchangesoftheDonghesandstoneincentralTarim.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(1):27—35.
BrownAR.1999.3—DSeismicInterpretation(5thEd.).AAPGMem.40.187—203.
GaoS,LingWL,QiuYM,ZhouL,HartmannGandSimonK.1999.ContrastinggeochemicalandSm-Ndisotopiccomposi-tionsofArcheanmetasedimentsfromtheKonglinghigh-gradeterrainoftheYangtzecraton:Evidenceforcratonicevo-lutionandredistributionofREEduringcrustalanatexis.Geochim.Cosmochim.Acta,63:2071—2088.
IrvineTNandBaragarWRA.1971.Aguidetothechemicalclassificationofthecommonvolcanicrocks.Can.Jour.EarthSciences,8:523—528
LeMaitreRW,BatemanP,DudekA,LameyreKL,LeBasMJ,SabinePA,SchmidR,SorencenH,StreckeisenA,Wool-
leyARandZanettinB.1989.AClassificationofIgneousRocksandGlossaryofTerms.Oxford:Blackwell.1—50.
WinchesterJAandFloydPA.1977.Geochemicaldiscriminationofdifferentmagmasseriesandtheirdifferentiationproductsusingimmobileelements.Chem.Geol.,20:325—343.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心