低信噪比地震记录干扰波压制方法研究
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摘要
针对低信噪比地震记录,研究利用二次小波变换对面波及随机干扰波进行压制。首先采用二次小波变换分离弱反射信号,在压制干扰的同时最大程度的保留有效波信息;其次在阈值收缩过程中,采用余弦非线性阈值算法,对收缩因子加入光滑函数φ,一定程度上克服了传统阈值在小波逆变换中的畸变性。通过理论数据的算例及对某油田的实际炮记录的处理来看,该方法在有效压制干扰波的同时,较好地保留了有效反射波的信息。
For the low SNR seismic records,the second wavelet transform is used to suppress the surface-wave and the random noise.In this paper,firstly we use the second wavelet transform to separate the weak reflected signal,and we think this can remain the effective information while suppressing the interference wave.Second,by the process of the threshold shrinkage,we use the nonlinear threshold algorithm,it adds a smooth function φ to the shrinkage factor.To some extend,these measures overcome the distortion product of the traditional threshold in the inverse wavelet transform.Through the examples of theoretical data and processing of the actual shot recording about an oilfield,during suppressing the interference wave this method can remain the effective information preferably at the same time.
For the low SNR seismic records,the second wavelet transform is used to suppress the surface-wave and the random noise.In this paper,firstly we use the second wavelet transform to separate the weak reflected signal,and we think this can remain the effective information while suppressing the interference wave.Second,by the process of the threshold shrinkage,we use the nonlinear threshold algorithm,it adds a smooth function φ to the shrinkage factor.To some extend,these measures overcome the distortion product of the traditional threshold in the inverse wavelet transform.Through the examples of theoretical data and processing of the actual shot recording about an oilfield,during suppressing the interference wave this method can remain the effective information preferably at the same time.
引文
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[6]梁运基.地震资料的小波域与高阶统计量联合处理解释及其在泌阳凹陷的应用[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2006.
[7]Zhang Henglei,Liu Tianyou.Study of RidgeletTransform in Improving S/N Ratio of Seismic Data inSouth China[J].Journal of China University of Ge-osciences,2007,18(Special Issue):507~509.
[8]柳建新,韩世礼,马捷.小波分析在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):541~545
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[11]夏洪瑞,周开明.地震资料处理中相干干扰消除方法分析[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):526~528.
[2]印兴耀,韩文功,李振春,等.地震技术新进展[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.53~196.
[3]勾丽敏,蔡希玲,刘学伟,等.噪声对叠前深度偏移层速度精度的影响分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2):156~163.
[4]吴常玉,王棣,王立欲,等.叠前预处理技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):34~37.
[5]詹毅,地震资料叠前去噪方法研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2005.
[6]梁运基.地震资料的小波域与高阶统计量联合处理解释及其在泌阳凹陷的应用[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2006.
[7]Zhang Henglei,Liu Tianyou.Study of RidgeletTransform in Improving S/N Ratio of Seismic Data inSouth China[J].Journal of China University of Ge-osciences,2007,18(Special Issue):507~509.
[8]柳建新,韩世礼,马捷.小波分析在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):541~545
[9]付燕.基于二次小波变换的地震信号去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(02):154~157.
[10]刘天佑,杨宇山,李媛媛,等.大型积分方程降阶解法与重力资料曲面延拓[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):290~296.
[11]夏洪瑞,周开明.地震资料处理中相干干扰消除方法分析[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):526~528.
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