泥石流与主河汇流堆积的数值模拟
摘要
汶川大地震使震区周围的山体出现大量崩塌、滑坡,为泥石流灾害发育提供了丰富的固体物源.一旦降雨条件适宜,很容易形成山洪泥石流.山洪泥石流来流量大,结构较强,与主河汇流时,难以被主河水流及时冲刷,在汇流区大量堆积,从而引发一系列的灾害.本文在前人的研究成果和相关资料的基础上,对交汇区泥石流与主河水流间的相互作用关系进行了合理简化,采用处理对流项有较好计算稳定性的有限元特征分裂算法,建立了与主河汇流的泥石流堆积数学模型.运用本文模型,再现了文家沟特大山洪泥石流在绵远河的堆积过程,分析了泥石流堆积对主河流路、水深、流速分布等的影响.采用实测堆积地形对计算成果进行了验证,结果表明,本文模型计算泥石流堆积范围,堆积厚度分布,在规律上与实测地形基本一致最后,文章对模型未来改进方向进行了探讨.
引文
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3陈德明.泥石流与主河水流交汇机理及其河床响应特征.博士学位论文.北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2000.1-20
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5胡春宏,王延贵,张燕菁.河流泥沙模拟技术进展与展望.水文,2006,26:36-41
6王光谦.河流泥沙研究进展.泥沙研究,2007,2:64-81
7Li T J,Wang G Q,Xue H.Soil erosion and sediment transport in the gullied Loess Plateau:Scale effects and their mechanisms.Sci China Tech Sci,2009,52:1283-1292
8Fu X D,Jiang L W,Wu B S,et al.Sediment delivery ratio and its uncertainties on flood event scale:Quantification for the Lower Yellow River.Sci China Tech Sci,2010,53:854-862
9王光谦,倪晋仁.泥石流动力学基本方程.科学通报,1994,39(18):1700-1704
10Hübl J,Steinwendtner H.Two-dimensional simulation of two viscous debris flows in Austria.Phys Chem Earth,2001,26:639-644
11Iovine G,D'Ambrosio D,Di Gregorio S.Applying genetic algorithms for calibrating a hexagonal cellular automata model for the simulation of debris flows characterised by strong inertial effects.Geomorphology,2005,64:287-303
12Diego B,James T J,Michele L.Debris flows:Recent advances in experiments and modeling.Adv Geophys,2010,52:103-138
13兰恒星,周成虎,王小波.泥石流本构模型及动力学模拟研究现状综述,工程地质学报,2007,15(3):314-321
14Wang G Q,Shao S D,Fei X J.Particle model for simulating flow over large area.J Hydraul Eng,ASCE,1998,5:554-557
15Hayashi T D,Ichibashi T.Study on bed load transport of sediment mixture.Proc.24th Jap.Con.,1980
16胡健.泥石流与主河的汇流机理及泥石流运动的数值模拟.硕士学位论文.北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2002.58-70
17Zienkiewicz O C,Codina R.A general algorithm for compressible and incompressible flow,Part1.The split characteristic based scheme.Int J Num Meth Fluids,1995,20:869-885
18Zienkiewicz O C,Taylor R L.The Finite Element Method6th ed.Volume3:Fluid Dynamics.Oxford:Elsevier Ltd.,2006
19刘兴年.沙卵石推移质运动及模拟研究.博士学位论文.成都:四川大学,2004.42-50
20Zienkiewicz O C,Taylor R L.The Finite Element Method6th ed.Volume1:The Basis.Oxford:Elsevier Ltd.,2006
2Liu X N,Cao S Y,Huang E.A physical modeling case study on sediment disasters of waterpower station in mountain rivers.J Sichuan U(Eng Sci Edit),2005,37(suppl):1-8
3陈德明.泥石流与主河水流交汇机理及其河床响应特征.博士学位论文.北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2000.1-20
4吴积善,康志成,田连权.云南蒋家沟泥石流观测研究.北京:科学出版社,1990.26-47
5胡春宏,王延贵,张燕菁.河流泥沙模拟技术进展与展望.水文,2006,26:36-41
6王光谦.河流泥沙研究进展.泥沙研究,2007,2:64-81
7Li T J,Wang G Q,Xue H.Soil erosion and sediment transport in the gullied Loess Plateau:Scale effects and their mechanisms.Sci China Tech Sci,2009,52:1283-1292
8Fu X D,Jiang L W,Wu B S,et al.Sediment delivery ratio and its uncertainties on flood event scale:Quantification for the Lower Yellow River.Sci China Tech Sci,2010,53:854-862
9王光谦,倪晋仁.泥石流动力学基本方程.科学通报,1994,39(18):1700-1704
10Hübl J,Steinwendtner H.Two-dimensional simulation of two viscous debris flows in Austria.Phys Chem Earth,2001,26:639-644
11Iovine G,D'Ambrosio D,Di Gregorio S.Applying genetic algorithms for calibrating a hexagonal cellular automata model for the simulation of debris flows characterised by strong inertial effects.Geomorphology,2005,64:287-303
12Diego B,James T J,Michele L.Debris flows:Recent advances in experiments and modeling.Adv Geophys,2010,52:103-138
13兰恒星,周成虎,王小波.泥石流本构模型及动力学模拟研究现状综述,工程地质学报,2007,15(3):314-321
14Wang G Q,Shao S D,Fei X J.Particle model for simulating flow over large area.J Hydraul Eng,ASCE,1998,5:554-557
15Hayashi T D,Ichibashi T.Study on bed load transport of sediment mixture.Proc.24th Jap.Con.,1980
16胡健.泥石流与主河的汇流机理及泥石流运动的数值模拟.硕士学位论文.北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2002.58-70
17Zienkiewicz O C,Codina R.A general algorithm for compressible and incompressible flow,Part1.The split characteristic based scheme.Int J Num Meth Fluids,1995,20:869-885
18Zienkiewicz O C,Taylor R L.The Finite Element Method6th ed.Volume3:Fluid Dynamics.Oxford:Elsevier Ltd.,2006
19刘兴年.沙卵石推移质运动及模拟研究.博士学位论文.成都:四川大学,2004.42-50
20Zienkiewicz O C,Taylor R L.The Finite Element Method6th ed.Volume1:The Basis.Oxford:Elsevier Ltd.,2006
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