埋地管道通过活动断层区的研究
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摘要
活动断层所产生的急剧错动性的地面运动,会导致如断层位移、滑坡和地陷等,对埋地管道系统造成严重的影响。研究表明,地震已严重破坏了埋地的油、气、水和污水管道,其后果表现为管道的断裂与严重扭曲。由于地震活动的危害,国内外目前对穿过活动断层区埋地管道的设计均十分重视。分别从埋地管道震害原因、埋地管道通过平推断层的当前的研究以及通过逆冲断层区的研究现状等方面,综述了埋地管道通过活动断层区的研究情况,提出了埋地管道通过逆冲断层区存在的主要问题。
The hazards from sharp ground displacing activity caused by active fault, such as fault displacement, landslide and collapse, etc. will make a significant effect on buried pipeline system. Studies demonstrate that earthquake has made serious damages to buried oil, gas, water and sewage pipelines, presenting pipeline rupture and serious distortion consequently. Because of the hazards made by seismic activity, at present more attention has been paid to the design of buried pipelines passing through active fault zone both at home and abroad. The article describes study situations individually on the pipelines passing through active fault in the aspects of the reason of pipeline seismic hazard, the present study on the pipeline passing through wrench fault and the study situation on the pipeline passing through thrust fault and put major questions existed in the pipeline passing through thrust fault.
The hazards from sharp ground displacing activity caused by active fault, such as fault displacement, landslide and collapse, etc. will make a significant effect on buried pipeline system. Studies demonstrate that earthquake has made serious damages to buried oil, gas, water and sewage pipelines, presenting pipeline rupture and serious distortion consequently. Because of the hazards made by seismic activity, at present more attention has been paid to the design of buried pipelines passing through active fault zone both at home and abroad. The article describes study situations individually on the pipelines passing through active fault in the aspects of the reason of pipeline seismic hazard, the present study on the pipeline passing through wrench fault and the study situation on the pipeline passing through thrust fault and put major questions existed in the pipeline passing through thrust fault.
引文
1, Kennedy, R. P. and Darrow, A. C. et al:Seismic design of Oil Pipeline Systems, J. tech. Councils ASCE 105,1979,119～205．
2, 肖静萍(译):地震灾害对输油管道的影响,油气储运,1996,15(2) 57～58。
3, 陈冠卿:高地震烈度区埋地管道抗震强度计算,油气储运,1985,4(1) 37～50。
4, O'Rouke, T. D. and Trautmann, C. H.: Buried Pipeline Vesponse to Permanent earthquake gramd movements, Pressure Vessel Piping div. ASME, century 2 conf. 80-C2/pvp-78, San Francisco, 1980．
5, Newmark,N. M. and Hall, W. J.: Pipelines design to resist large fault displacement,proc. U. S. natlonal conf. on earthquake eng. 1975,416～425．
6, Audibert, J. M. E. and Nyman,K. J.: Soil resistance against horizontal motion of pipes, J. geotech, eng. div. ASCE 103, 1977, 1119～1142．
7, Kennedy, R. P. and Chow, A. W. et al: Fault movement effeets on burled Oil Pipeline, Transport eng. J. ASCE 103,1977,617～633．
8, Leon Ru-Liang Wang:A refined seismic analysis and design of buried pipeline for fault movement, Earthquake engineering and struetural dynamics, 1985(13) , 75～96．
9, Chiou, Y. J. and Chi, S.-Y. et al: A study on buried pipeline response to fault movement, Journal of pressure vessel technology (Transactions of the ASME), 1994,116(2) 36～41．
10, Whitelaw, J. A. and Reppond, D. W.: Designs for buried pipeline can reduce seismic hazards, Oil and Gas Journal, 1988(10) ,62～72．
11, 张进国 吕英民:地震裂缝错位作用时埋地管道的有限元分析,油气储运,1997,16(2) 28～30。
12, "Seismic design of pipelines",Novacorp International Consulting Inc., 1993。
13, 陈冠卿:SYJ 4050-91输油(气)埋地钢质管道抗震设计规范,石油工业出版社(北京),1992。
14, 陈冠卿:活动断层区埋地管道的设计要求及防范措施,油气储运,1988,7(1) 27～31。
15, 陶勇寅 柳广乐:管道在地震断层作用下的位移内力分析,油气储运,1994,13(5) 13～16。
16, Hall, W. J. and Newmark, N. M.: Seismic design criteria for pipelines and facilities, J. tech. councils ASCE 104,1978,91～107．
17, 陈铁云 沈惠中:结构的屈曲,上海科学技术文献出版社(上海),1993。
18, 唐家祥 王仕统等:结构稳定理论,中国铁道出版社(北京),1989。
2, 肖静萍(译):地震灾害对输油管道的影响,油气储运,1996,15(2) 57～58。
3, 陈冠卿:高地震烈度区埋地管道抗震强度计算,油气储运,1985,4(1) 37～50。
4, O'Rouke, T. D. and Trautmann, C. H.: Buried Pipeline Vesponse to Permanent earthquake gramd movements, Pressure Vessel Piping div. ASME, century 2 conf. 80-C2/pvp-78, San Francisco, 1980．
5, Newmark,N. M. and Hall, W. J.: Pipelines design to resist large fault displacement,proc. U. S. natlonal conf. on earthquake eng. 1975,416～425．
6, Audibert, J. M. E. and Nyman,K. J.: Soil resistance against horizontal motion of pipes, J. geotech, eng. div. ASCE 103, 1977, 1119～1142．
7, Kennedy, R. P. and Chow, A. W. et al: Fault movement effeets on burled Oil Pipeline, Transport eng. J. ASCE 103,1977,617～633．
8, Leon Ru-Liang Wang:A refined seismic analysis and design of buried pipeline for fault movement, Earthquake engineering and struetural dynamics, 1985(13) , 75～96．
9, Chiou, Y. J. and Chi, S.-Y. et al: A study on buried pipeline response to fault movement, Journal of pressure vessel technology (Transactions of the ASME), 1994,116(2) 36～41．
10, Whitelaw, J. A. and Reppond, D. W.: Designs for buried pipeline can reduce seismic hazards, Oil and Gas Journal, 1988(10) ,62～72．
11, 张进国 吕英民:地震裂缝错位作用时埋地管道的有限元分析,油气储运,1997,16(2) 28～30。
12, "Seismic design of pipelines",Novacorp International Consulting Inc., 1993。
13, 陈冠卿:SYJ 4050-91输油(气)埋地钢质管道抗震设计规范,石油工业出版社(北京),1992。
14, 陈冠卿:活动断层区埋地管道的设计要求及防范措施,油气储运,1988,7(1) 27～31。
15, 陶勇寅 柳广乐:管道在地震断层作用下的位移内力分析,油气储运,1994,13(5) 13～16。
16, Hall, W. J. and Newmark, N. M.: Seismic design criteria for pipelines and facilities, J. tech. councils ASCE 104,1978,91～107．
17, 陈铁云 沈惠中:结构的屈曲,上海科学技术文献出版社(上海),1993。
18, 唐家祥 王仕统等:结构稳定理论,中国铁道出版社(北京),1989。
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