基于能量回收的土木工程结构振动控制
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摘要
为了解决土木工程结构振动的主动和半主动控制技术对外界电源过分依赖的问题,系统回顾了基于能量回收与利用的各种结构振动控制系统。在此基础上,提出了一种自供电磁流变阻尼器减振系统,实现了振动控制的自供电与传感;指出了该系统的应用前景、亟待解决的问题和进一步的研究方向。研究结果表明:该系统既可以作为具有自适应特征的被动控制装置,也可以设计为半主动控制系统,同时该系统还可以和其他结构控制系统组合使用。
To make the active and semi-active vibration control system in civil engineering get rid of external power supply,several kinds of structural vibration control systems based on energy harvesting and utilizing were summarized.On the basis of it,one vibration control system combing the magnetorheological(MR) damper with energy regeneration was presented,which could realize the self-powered and self-sensing control.The potential application,problem demanding prompt solution as well as the further research direction of this system were pointed out at last.The study results show that the system can be regarded as passive control device or semi-active control system with different control circuits,meanwhile,it can be used to develop the hybrid control system with other structural control system.
To make the active and semi-active vibration control system in civil engineering get rid of external power supply,several kinds of structural vibration control systems based on energy harvesting and utilizing were summarized.On the basis of it,one vibration control system combing the magnetorheological(MR) damper with energy regeneration was presented,which could realize the self-powered and self-sensing control.The potential application,problem demanding prompt solution as well as the further research direction of this system were pointed out at last.The study results show that the system can be regarded as passive control device or semi-active control system with different control circuits,meanwhile,it can be used to develop the hybrid control system with other structural control system.
引文
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[7]孙作玉,程树良,王焕定.隔震换能系统的换能效率及振动控制效果的研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(2):132-136.SUN Zuo-yu,CHENG Shu-liang,WANG Huan-ding.On Energy Transition Efficiency and Control Effect ofBase-isolated Structure with Transducer[J].Engin-eering Mechanics,2005,22(2):132-136.
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[17]SCRUGGS J T,IWAN W D.Control of Civil Struc-ture Using an Electric Machine with Semi-activeCapability[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(7):951-959.
[18]SCRUGGS J T,IWAN W D.Optimal Non-local andAsymmetric Structural Damping Using RegenerativeForce Actuation Networks[J].Journal of Engineer-ing Mechanics,2006,132(9):932-940.
[19]DYKE S J,SPENCER B F,SAIN M K,et al.Model-ing and Control of Magnetorheological Dampers forSeismic Response Reduction[J].Smart Material andStructures,1996,5(5):565-575.
[20]禹见达,陈政清,曹宏,等.永磁调节式MR阻尼器试验研究及工程应用[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(4):532-536.YU Jian-da,CHEN Zheng-qing,CAO Hong,et al.Experimental Study and Implementation of the Ad-justable Permanent Magnet MR Damper[J].Journalof Vibration Engineering,2006,19(4):532-536.
[21]赖大坤,王代华.一种磁流变阻尼器振动自传感技术[J].功能材料,2006,37(7):1176-1178.LAI Da-kun,WANG Dai-hua.A Vibration Self-sens-ing Technique for Magnetorheological Dampers[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2006,37(7):1176-1178.
[22]CHO S W,JUNG H J,LEE I W.Smart Passive Sys-tem Based on Magnetorheological Damper[J].SmartMaterials and Structures,2005,14(4):707-714.
[23]CHO S W,JO J S,JUNG H J,et al.Performance Ver-ification of Smart Passive Damping System At-tached to Stay Cable[C]//RAMESH B M,WIES-LAW K B,ARUP K M.Proceedings of the 10th Bien-nial International Conference on Engineering,Con-struction,and Operations in Challenging Environ-ments.Houston:ASCE,2006:152-159.
[24]CHOI K M,JUNG H J,LEE H J,et al.FeasibilityStudy of an MR Damper-based Smart Passive ControlSystem Employing an Electromagnetic Induction De-vice[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2007,16(6):2323-2329.
[25]陈政清.自供电磁流变智能减振系统:中国,101086179[P].2007-12-12.CHEN Zheng-qing.Vibration Control System withSmart Self-powered MR Damper:China,101086179[P].2007-12-12.
[26]SPENCER B F,DYKE S J,SAIN M K,et al.Phe-nomenological Model of a Magnetorheological Damper[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1997,23(3):230-238.
[27]BERTON S,BOLANDER J E.Amplification Systemfor Supplemental Damping Devices in Seismic Appli-cations[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2005,131(6):979-983.
[28]王保兵,韩江水.MR阻尼器的特性试验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(1):105-108.WANG Bao-bing,HAN Jiang-shui.ExperimentalStudy on Performance of MR Damper[J].Journal ofXi an University of Science and Technology,2008,28(1):105-108.
[29]周建中,赵鸿铁.恢复力曲线模型及其对控震效果的影响研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2003,23(3):267-269.ZHOU Jian-zhong,ZHAO Hong-tie.HystereticCurve Model and Its Influence on the Effect of Earth-quake Control[J].Journal of Xi an University of Sci-ence and Technology,2003,23(3):267-269.
[30]王永刚,郑碧玉.可控阻尼对隔振系统的影响[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(5):108-112.WANG Yong-gang,ZHENG Bi-yu.Effects of Con-trolled Damping on Isolation System Response[J].Journal of Chang an University:Natural Science Edi-tion,2005,25(5):108-112.
[31]谭冬莲,肖汝诚.基于改进Gauss-Newton法的在役桥梁结构参数识别[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2007,27(4):57-60.TAN Dong-lian,XIAO Ru-cheng.Parameter Identifi-cation of Existing Bridge Structure Based on Im-proved Gauss-Newton Algorithm[J].Journal ofChang an University:Natural Science Edition,2007,27(4):57-60.
[32]王国庆,王帑,张宗涛,等.考虑碰撞和阻尼的弹性机构动力学分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(4):99-102.WANG Guo-qing,WANG Tang,ZHANG Zong-tao,et al.Dynamics of Elastic Mechanism ConsideringContact and Damping[J].Journal of Chang an Uni-versity:Natural Science Edition,2008,28(4):99-102.
[33]WANG Z H,CHEN Z Q,SPENCER B F.Self-powered and Sensing Control System Based on MRDamper:Presentation and Application[C]//SPIE.Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Structuresand Materials&Nondestructive Evaluation andHealth Monitoring.San Deigo:SPIE,2009:40-49.
[2]HOUSNER G W,BERGMAN L A,CAUGHEY TK,et al.Structural Control:Past,Present and Future[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1997,123(9):897-971.
[3]SPENCER B F J,NAGARAJAIAH S.State of theArt of Structural Control[J].Journal of Structuraland Engineering,2003,129(7):845-856.
[4]欧进萍.结构振动控制——主动、半主动和智能控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.OU Jin-ping.Structural Vibration Control-Active,Semi-active and Intelligent Control[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,2003.
[5]孙作玉,刘季.结构振动的无能源主动控制[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(3):102-105.SUN Zuo-yu,LIU Ji.Active Structural Control With-out Power Supply[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,1999,19(3):102-105.
[6]张永山,孙作玉,何玉敖.换能器与作动器同层布置时的无能源主动控制[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2001,33(3):333-335.ZHANG Yong-shan,SUN Zuo-yu,HE Yu-ao.AC-WPS with Transducer and Actuator Placed on theSame Floor[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Tech-nology,2001,33(3):333-335.
[7]孙作玉,程树良,王焕定.隔震换能系统的换能效率及振动控制效果的研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(2):132-136.SUN Zuo-yu,CHENG Shu-liang,WANG Huan-ding.On Energy Transition Efficiency and Control Effect ofBase-isolated Structure with Transducer[J].Engin-eering Mechanics,2005,22(2):132-136.
[8]程树良,王焕定,孙作玉.隔震换能系统换能效果试验研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(11):38-44.CHENG Shu-liang,WANG Huan-ding,SUN Zuo-yu.Experimental Study on Effect of Energy Transition ofBase-isolation with Energy Transducer System[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(11):38-44.
[9]NERVES A C,KRISHNAN R A.Strategy for ActiveControl of Tall Civil Structures Using RegenerativeElectric Actuators[C]//LIN Y K,SU T C.Proceed-ings of 11th ASCE Engineering Mechanics SpecialistsConference.Lauderdale:ASCE,1996:503-506.
[10]SUDA Y,SHIIBA T.New Hybrid Suspension Systemwith Active Control and Energy Regeneration[J].Ve-hicle System Dynamics,1996,25(S1):641-654.
[11]KIM K S,CHOI S B,CHEONG C C.ER SuspensionSystem with Energy Generation[J].Journal of Intelli-gent Material Systems and Structures,1999,10(9):738-742.
[12]NAKANO K,SUDA Y,NAKADAI S.Self-poweredActive Vibration Control Using a Single Electric Ac-tuator[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2003,260(2):213-235.
[13]SODANO H A,BAE J S.Eddy Current Damping inStructures[J].The Shock and Vibration Digest,2004,36(6):469-478.
[14]SODANO H A,INMAN D J.Modeling of a New Ac-tive Eddy Current Vibration Control System[J].Jour-nal of Dynamic Systems,Measurement,and Control,2008,130(2):1-11.
[15]PALOMERA-ARIAS R,CONNOR J J,OCHSEN-DORF J A.Feasibility Study of Passive Electromag-netic Damping Systems[J].Journal of Structural En-gineering,2008,134(1):164-170.
[16]SCRUGGS J T,LINDNER D.Active Energy Controlin Civil Structure[C]//LIU S C.Proceedings of SPIEConference on Smart Systems for Bridges,Structures,and Highways.Newport Beach:SPIE,1999:194-205.
[17]SCRUGGS J T,IWAN W D.Control of Civil Struc-ture Using an Electric Machine with Semi-activeCapability[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(7):951-959.
[18]SCRUGGS J T,IWAN W D.Optimal Non-local andAsymmetric Structural Damping Using RegenerativeForce Actuation Networks[J].Journal of Engineer-ing Mechanics,2006,132(9):932-940.
[19]DYKE S J,SPENCER B F,SAIN M K,et al.Model-ing and Control of Magnetorheological Dampers forSeismic Response Reduction[J].Smart Material andStructures,1996,5(5):565-575.
[20]禹见达,陈政清,曹宏,等.永磁调节式MR阻尼器试验研究及工程应用[J].振动工程学报,2006,19(4):532-536.YU Jian-da,CHEN Zheng-qing,CAO Hong,et al.Experimental Study and Implementation of the Ad-justable Permanent Magnet MR Damper[J].Journalof Vibration Engineering,2006,19(4):532-536.
[21]赖大坤,王代华.一种磁流变阻尼器振动自传感技术[J].功能材料,2006,37(7):1176-1178.LAI Da-kun,WANG Dai-hua.A Vibration Self-sens-ing Technique for Magnetorheological Dampers[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2006,37(7):1176-1178.
[22]CHO S W,JUNG H J,LEE I W.Smart Passive Sys-tem Based on Magnetorheological Damper[J].SmartMaterials and Structures,2005,14(4):707-714.
[23]CHO S W,JO J S,JUNG H J,et al.Performance Ver-ification of Smart Passive Damping System At-tached to Stay Cable[C]//RAMESH B M,WIES-LAW K B,ARUP K M.Proceedings of the 10th Bien-nial International Conference on Engineering,Con-struction,and Operations in Challenging Environ-ments.Houston:ASCE,2006:152-159.
[24]CHOI K M,JUNG H J,LEE H J,et al.FeasibilityStudy of an MR Damper-based Smart Passive ControlSystem Employing an Electromagnetic Induction De-vice[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2007,16(6):2323-2329.
[25]陈政清.自供电磁流变智能减振系统:中国,101086179[P].2007-12-12.CHEN Zheng-qing.Vibration Control System withSmart Self-powered MR Damper:China,101086179[P].2007-12-12.
[26]SPENCER B F,DYKE S J,SAIN M K,et al.Phe-nomenological Model of a Magnetorheological Damper[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1997,23(3):230-238.
[27]BERTON S,BOLANDER J E.Amplification Systemfor Supplemental Damping Devices in Seismic Appli-cations[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2005,131(6):979-983.
[28]王保兵,韩江水.MR阻尼器的特性试验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(1):105-108.WANG Bao-bing,HAN Jiang-shui.ExperimentalStudy on Performance of MR Damper[J].Journal ofXi an University of Science and Technology,2008,28(1):105-108.
[29]周建中,赵鸿铁.恢复力曲线模型及其对控震效果的影响研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2003,23(3):267-269.ZHOU Jian-zhong,ZHAO Hong-tie.HystereticCurve Model and Its Influence on the Effect of Earth-quake Control[J].Journal of Xi an University of Sci-ence and Technology,2003,23(3):267-269.
[30]王永刚,郑碧玉.可控阻尼对隔振系统的影响[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2005,25(5):108-112.WANG Yong-gang,ZHENG Bi-yu.Effects of Con-trolled Damping on Isolation System Response[J].Journal of Chang an University:Natural Science Edi-tion,2005,25(5):108-112.
[31]谭冬莲,肖汝诚.基于改进Gauss-Newton法的在役桥梁结构参数识别[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2007,27(4):57-60.TAN Dong-lian,XIAO Ru-cheng.Parameter Identifi-cation of Existing Bridge Structure Based on Im-proved Gauss-Newton Algorithm[J].Journal ofChang an University:Natural Science Edition,2007,27(4):57-60.
[32]王国庆,王帑,张宗涛,等.考虑碰撞和阻尼的弹性机构动力学分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(4):99-102.WANG Guo-qing,WANG Tang,ZHANG Zong-tao,et al.Dynamics of Elastic Mechanism ConsideringContact and Damping[J].Journal of Chang an Uni-versity:Natural Science Edition,2008,28(4):99-102.
[33]WANG Z H,CHEN Z Q,SPENCER B F.Self-powered and Sensing Control System Based on MRDamper:Presentation and Application[C]//SPIE.Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Structuresand Materials&Nondestructive Evaluation andHealth Monitoring.San Deigo:SPIE,2009:40-49.
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