叠前深度偏移技术在盐系地层中的应用
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摘要
在地下构造较复杂时,叠后时间剖面叠加处理的效果不太理想。叠前深度偏移直接对叠前数据进行偏移处理,避免了时间叠加处理过程,能有效控制横向速度变化,利用射线追踪原理进行偏移,整个处理过程中利用层析成像等技术不断优化深度-速度模型,可得到比叠后时间偏移更好的效果。江汉盆地潜江凹陷部分盐构造区的叠前深度偏移处理取得了较好的效果,表明叠前深度偏移是复杂构造及速度横向变化大地区地震资料处理的理想技术。图4参7
The post-stack time section processing is not satisfactory when the subsurface structure is complex.The pre-stack depth migration avoids the process of superposition in time by directly processing the prestack data,which can efficiently control the lateral variation of velocity field.Based on the theory of ray tracing,the tomography image technology is used continuously to optimize the velocity-depth model during the whole processing,and the result indicates that the pre-stack depth migration is better than the post-stack time migration.The pre-stack depth migration has been successfully used in some parts of salt bed in Qianjiang Sag for the data processing and good effect is achieved,showing that the pre-stack depth migration technique is an ideal technique in complex areas and lateral variation of velocity zones.
The post-stack time section processing is not satisfactory when the subsurface structure is complex.The pre-stack depth migration avoids the process of superposition in time by directly processing the prestack data,which can efficiently control the lateral variation of velocity field.Based on the theory of ray tracing,the tomography image technology is used continuously to optimize the velocity-depth model during the whole processing,and the result indicates that the pre-stack depth migration is better than the post-stack time migration.The pre-stack depth migration has been successfully used in some parts of salt bed in Qianjiang Sag for the data processing and good effect is achieved,showing that the pre-stack depth migration technique is an ideal technique in complex areas and lateral variation of velocity zones.
引文
[1]柳保军,陈开远,史忠生,等.潜江凹陷盐湖沉积储集层分布预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(2):74-76,80.(LIU Bao-jun,CHEN Kai-yuan,SHI Zhong-sheng,et al.Reservoir pred iction of thesaline deposit in the Q ian jiang Sag,Jianghan Basin[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2004,31(2):74-76,80.)
[2]王生朗,任来义,王英,等.盐湖环境成岩作用特征及其对高孔隙带形成的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):47-49.(WANGSheng-lang,REN Lai-yi,WANG Y ing,et al.Characteristic ofd iagenesis saline lake environm ent and its effect on h igh-porosity zones[J].Petroleum Exploration and D evelopm ent,2003,30(5):47-49.)
[3]吴小洲,陈立康,邹才能,等.叠前深度偏移技术对速度变化平缓的复杂构造清晰成像[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):77-80.(WU X iao-zhou,CHEN L i-kang,ZOU Cai-neng,et al.Applyingprestack depth m igration to gental complex gedogic structure imaginggained by using velocity model w ith grad ient[J].PetroleumExploration and D evelopm ent,2002,29(2):77-80.)
[4]蔡春江,陈志刚,李学义.叠前偏移技术在准噶尔盆地逆冲断裂带地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):55-57.(CAI Chun-jiang,CHEN Zh i-gang,LI Xue-yi.Application of 2D pre-stack m igration in sub-aerial reverse fracture zone in Junggar Basin,Northwest Ch ina[J].Petroleum Exploration and D evelopm ent,2004,31(4):55-57.)
[5]杜丽英,杜丽娟,肖乾华,等.VTI介质中弹性参数地震反演方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(3):59-63.(DU L i-ying,DU L i-juan,X IAO Q ian-hua,et al.A new approach to seism ic inversion ofelastic param eters for VTI m ed ia[J].Petroleum Exploration andD evelopm ent,2002,29(3):59-63.)
[6]W illiam A S.Integral formu lation for m igration in two and threed im ension[J].Geophysics,1978,43(1):49-76.
[7]Keho T H,Beydoun W B.Paraxial ray K irchhoff m igration[J].Geophysics,1988,53(12):1540-1546.
[2]王生朗,任来义,王英,等.盐湖环境成岩作用特征及其对高孔隙带形成的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):47-49.(WANGSheng-lang,REN Lai-yi,WANG Y ing,et al.Characteristic ofd iagenesis saline lake environm ent and its effect on h igh-porosity zones[J].Petroleum Exploration and D evelopm ent,2003,30(5):47-49.)
[3]吴小洲,陈立康,邹才能,等.叠前深度偏移技术对速度变化平缓的复杂构造清晰成像[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):77-80.(WU X iao-zhou,CHEN L i-kang,ZOU Cai-neng,et al.Applyingprestack depth m igration to gental complex gedogic structure imaginggained by using velocity model w ith grad ient[J].PetroleumExploration and D evelopm ent,2002,29(2):77-80.)
[4]蔡春江,陈志刚,李学义.叠前偏移技术在准噶尔盆地逆冲断裂带地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):55-57.(CAI Chun-jiang,CHEN Zh i-gang,LI Xue-yi.Application of 2D pre-stack m igration in sub-aerial reverse fracture zone in Junggar Basin,Northwest Ch ina[J].Petroleum Exploration and D evelopm ent,2004,31(4):55-57.)
[5]杜丽英,杜丽娟,肖乾华,等.VTI介质中弹性参数地震反演方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(3):59-63.(DU L i-ying,DU L i-juan,X IAO Q ian-hua,et al.A new approach to seism ic inversion ofelastic param eters for VTI m ed ia[J].Petroleum Exploration andD evelopm ent,2002,29(3):59-63.)
[6]W illiam A S.Integral formu lation for m igration in two and threed im ension[J].Geophysics,1978,43(1):49-76.
[7]Keho T H,Beydoun W B.Paraxial ray K irchhoff m igration[J].Geophysics,1988,53(12):1540-1546.
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