在频率波数域实现三维叠前深度偏移
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摘要
叠前深度偏移是理想的改善复杂地区和强横向速度变化的地震资料成像技术,对于复杂变速介质成像,常用的时间域成像方法已不能满足实际需要,必须借助于深度域成像方法,特别是三维地震叠前深度偏移方法。推导了三维叠前深度波场延拓算子公式,指出其实质含义,并通过模型测试进行了验证,介绍了一种三维叠前深度偏移的实现方法,最后进行了偏移算子的误差分析。理论分析与实例计算表明,该计算方法是合理和有效的。
Prestack depth migration is an imaging technique of seismic data which can adapt to lateral velocity variation in complex districts.For complex variable velocity mediums,time domain imaging method can not satisfy actual requirements,and prestack depth migration must be used.The calculation procedure for continuation operator of 3D prestack depth migration was derived and its actual meaning was given,which were also proven by model test.The implementing method of 3D prestack depth migration was introduced.Lastly,migration operators error was analyzed.The theory analysis and illustration calculation results verify rationality and validity of this method.
Prestack depth migration is an imaging technique of seismic data which can adapt to lateral velocity variation in complex districts.For complex variable velocity mediums,time domain imaging method can not satisfy actual requirements,and prestack depth migration must be used.The calculation procedure for continuation operator of 3D prestack depth migration was derived and its actual meaning was given,which were also proven by model test.The implementing method of 3D prestack depth migration was introduced.Lastly,migration operators error was analyzed.The theory analysis and illustration calculation results verify rationality and validity of this method.
引文
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[5]REN Wen-fu,ZHANG Jian-wei,LIUJiang-ping.3-D pres-tack depth migration for variable velocity media and its ap-plication[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):41-43.
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[9]CLAERBOUT J F.Toward a unified theory of reflectormapping[J].Geophysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
[10]STOLT R H.Migration by Fourier transform[J].Geo-physics,1978,43(1):23-48.
[11]GAZDAG J.Wave equation with phase-shift method[J].Geophysics,1978,43(7):1342-1351.
[12]GAZDAG J,SGUAZZERO P.Migration of seismic databy phase shift plus interpolation[J].Geophysics,1984,49(2):124-131.
[13]STOFA P L.Split-step Fourier migration[J].Geophys-ics,1990,55(4):410-421.
[14]RISTOW D,RUHL T.Fourier finite-diference migration[J].Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882-1893.
[15]马在田.高阶方程偏移的分裂算法[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(4):127-130.MA Zai-tian.A splitting-up method for solution of higher-order migration equation by finite-difference scheme[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1983,26(4):127-130.
[16]WU R S.Synthetic seismograms in heterogeneous mediaby one—return approximation[J].Pure and Applied Ge-ophysics,1996,148(1/2):155-173.
[17]HUANG L J,FEHLER M C,WU R S.Extended localborn Fourier migration method[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1524-1534.
[18]丁伟,李振春,刘玉莲.基于Born/Rytov近似的联合叠前深度偏移方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):29-34.DING Wei,LI Zhen-chun,LIU Yu-lian.The prestackdepth migration method based on Born/Rytov approxima-tions[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(1):29-34.
[2]RISTOW D,RUHL T.Fourier finite-difference migration[J].Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882-1893.
[3]STOFA P L.Split-step Fourier migration[J].Geophysics,1990,55(2):410-421.
[4]陈生昌,马在田.波动方程的高阶广义屏叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1445-1451.CHEN Sheng-chang,MA Zai-tian.High order generalizedscreen propagator for wave equation prestack depth migration[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1445-1451.
[5]REN Wen-fu,ZHANG Jian-wei,LIUJiang-ping.3-D pres-tack depth migration for variable velocity media and its ap-plication[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):41-43.
[6]田文辉,李振春,张辉,等.起伏地表条件下的波场上延法叠前深度偏移[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(5):19-22.TIAN Wen-hui,LI Zhen-chun,ZHANG Hui,et al.Wave-field upward continuation pre-stack depth migration based onirregular topography[J].Journal of China University of Pe-troleum(Edition of Natural Science),2006,30(5):19-22.
[7]程玖兵.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):389-395.CHEN Jiu-bing.Pre-stack depth migration with finite-difference method in frequency-space domain[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2001,44(3):389-395.
[8]王红旗,鲁烈琴,刘文卿,等.三维叠前深度偏移技术在复杂地区的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(5):498-499.WANG Hong-qi,LULie-qin,LIUWen-qing,et al.Appli-cation of 3D prestack depth migration in complex area[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(5):498-499.
[9]CLAERBOUT J F.Toward a unified theory of reflectormapping[J].Geophysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
[10]STOLT R H.Migration by Fourier transform[J].Geo-physics,1978,43(1):23-48.
[11]GAZDAG J.Wave equation with phase-shift method[J].Geophysics,1978,43(7):1342-1351.
[12]GAZDAG J,SGUAZZERO P.Migration of seismic databy phase shift plus interpolation[J].Geophysics,1984,49(2):124-131.
[13]STOFA P L.Split-step Fourier migration[J].Geophys-ics,1990,55(4):410-421.
[14]RISTOW D,RUHL T.Fourier finite-diference migration[J].Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882-1893.
[15]马在田.高阶方程偏移的分裂算法[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(4):127-130.MA Zai-tian.A splitting-up method for solution of higher-order migration equation by finite-difference scheme[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1983,26(4):127-130.
[16]WU R S.Synthetic seismograms in heterogeneous mediaby one—return approximation[J].Pure and Applied Ge-ophysics,1996,148(1/2):155-173.
[17]HUANG L J,FEHLER M C,WU R S.Extended localborn Fourier migration method[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1524-1534.
[18]丁伟,李振春,刘玉莲.基于Born/Rytov近似的联合叠前深度偏移方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):29-34.DING Wei,LI Zhen-chun,LIU Yu-lian.The prestackdepth migration method based on Born/Rytov approxima-tions[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(1):29-34.
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