基于子波分解的含气性识别技术在CC地区浅层气藏勘探中的应用
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摘要
利用子波分解技术将常规地震数据道分解成不同频率子波的集合,并以此为基础开展基于频谱异常的储层含气性检测。CC地区目的层———沙溪庙组以一套河流—三角洲沉积为主,砂体单层厚度不大,多在20 m左右,且同一河道的不同位置以及相同位置的不同河道,其储层含气性迥异。基于传统地震数据的频谱分析由于受其分析时窗限制,其抗噪性和稳定性差,难以准确识别其含气性。为了能准确预测该地区不同期次,不同位置河道砂体的含气性,将基于子波分解的含气性识别技术加以应用,通过分析其得到的频谱异常发现,该地区含气河道砂岩具有明显的"低频共振,高频吸收衰减"特征,利用该特征不但能清晰区分当前高产井与干井,而且成为后期井位部署的主要依据。
We use the wavelet decomposition technology to resolve the conventional seismic data track into a collection of different frequency wavelets,and then check the gas-bearing reservoirs based on the spectrum anomaly detection.The Shaximiao sequence as an objective layer of CC area is a set of river-delta deposits with a single-storey sandstone thickness about 20 m.The reservoirs in the similar river in the different locations and the similar position in the different rivers have the different gas concentration.The traditional spectrum technology of seismic data is restrained by the window restriction so that the anti-noise and poor stability can not accurately identify the gas-bearing.In order to predict the gas-bearing areas in the different times and different locations,we firstly try to use the gas-recognition technology of wavelet decomposition to get the abnormal frequency spectrum.The gas-bearing river sandstones have the feature of "low-frequency resonance,high-frequency attenuation".We use this feature not only to clearly test the distinction between current high-yield well and dry well,but also to provide a evidence for the further plot of drilling wells.
We use the wavelet decomposition technology to resolve the conventional seismic data track into a collection of different frequency wavelets,and then check the gas-bearing reservoirs based on the spectrum anomaly detection.The Shaximiao sequence as an objective layer of CC area is a set of river-delta deposits with a single-storey sandstone thickness about 20 m.The reservoirs in the similar river in the different locations and the similar position in the different rivers have the different gas concentration.The traditional spectrum technology of seismic data is restrained by the window restriction so that the anti-noise and poor stability can not accurately identify the gas-bearing.In order to predict the gas-bearing areas in the different times and different locations,we firstly try to use the gas-recognition technology of wavelet decomposition to get the abnormal frequency spectrum.The gas-bearing river sandstones have the feature of "low-frequency resonance,high-frequency attenuation".We use this feature not only to clearly test the distinction between current high-yield well and dry well,but also to provide a evidence for the further plot of drilling wells.
引文
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[2]Bear L K,Pavlis G L.Multi-channel esti mation of ti me residu-als frombroadband seismic data using multi-wavelets[J].Bul-letin of the Seismological Society of America,1999,89(3):681-692.
[3]Daubechies I.Ten Lectures on Wavelets[M].Ladephia:Socie-ty for Industrial and Applied Mathetics,1992.
[4]Lebmn J,Veaerli M.Balanced multi wavelets theory and de-sign[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1998,46(4):l119-1125.
[5]Shang Xiaoqing,Zhang Bin,Song Guoxiang.I mage-based con-tent of multi-wavelet denoising[J].Signal Processing,2004,20(1):98-100.[尚晓清,张彬,宋国乡.基于图像内容的多子波去噪[J].信号处理,2004,20(1):98-100.]
[6]Dowine T R,Silverman B W.The discrete multiple wavelettransformand thresholding methods[J].IEEE Transactionson Signal Processing,1998,46(9):2558-2561.
[7]Zhao Shuang,Li Zhongdong,Xu Hongmei,et al.Multi-wave-let decomposition to detect the coal-bearing sandstone forma-tion[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(9):44-47.[赵爽,李仲东,许红梅,等.多子波分解技术检测含煤砂岩地层[J].天然气工业,2007,27(9):44-47.]
[8]Chen Fuli,Jin Yong,Zhang Shupin,et al.T2 using nuclearmagnetic resonance spectroscopy assessment of the originalgas reservoir fluid saturation:The complex of Daqing deepvolcanic gas reservoirs,for example[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2007,18(3):412-417.[陈福利,金勇,张淑品,等.用核磁T2谱法评价原始气藏流体饱和度———以大庆深层火山岩复杂气藏为例[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(3):412-417.]
[9]Zhang Yingbo.Biot theory is applied to seismic exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1994,33(4):31-38.[张应波.Biot理论应用于地震勘探的探索[J].石油物探,1994,33(4):31-38]
[10]Zhou Mindu,Li Qinghe,Zhang Yuansheng.Two-phase mediain the kinematic characteristics of seismic waves[J].PlateauEarthquake,1999,11(4):1-8.[周民都,李清河,张元生.双相介质中的地震波运动学特征[J].高原地震,1999,11(4):1-8.]
[11]Gao Jianhu,Yong Xueshan.The use of seismic waves hydro-carbon detection[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(1):47-50.[高建虎,雍学善.利用地震子波进行油气检测[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(1):47-50.]
[12]Liu Lanfeng,Liu Quanxin,Yong Xueshan,et al.Based on thegeneralized Stransformthe energy spectrumof low-frequencytransient gas detection[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(2):238-241.[刘兰锋,刘全新,雍学善,等.基于广义S变换的低频瞬时能量谱油气检测技术[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):238-241.]
[13]Meng Cuiping,Zheng Yuanxin,He Youxiong.Klinversion hy-drocarbon detection software in Jianghan exploration area ap-plication[J].Jianghan Petroleum Science and Technology,2007,17(1):14-17.[孟翠萍,郑圆新,何又雄.KLinversion油气检测软件在江汉探区的应用[J].江汉石油科技,2007,17(1):14-17.]
[14]Zhao Shuang,Li Zhongdong,Xu Hongmei.Sub-frequency in-terpretation technique and its application in terrestrial sand-stone seismic explorationin the application analysis[J].Min-eralogy and Petrology,2006,26(2):106-110.[赵爽,李仲东,许红梅.分频解释技术及其在陆相砂岩地层地震勘探中的应用分析[J].矿物岩石,2006,26(2):106-110.]
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