海底多波多分量AVO反演岩性参数的敏感性分析
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摘要
海底多波多分量地震资料能够提供含气高压地层的地质信息，这些分量对利用振幅随偏移距变化（AVO）进行岩性参数反演的敏感性是不同的。利用正演技术分析研究海底多波地震资料中岩性参数反演的敏感性，有助于充分利用海底多波地震资料提高AVO反演岩性参数的可靠性。本文应用计算反射系数的Zoeppritz方程，实施海底多波多分量合成数据的岩性参数AVO反演的敏感性分析，确定哪些岩性参数或它们的组合关系能最佳地从AVO资料中反演得到。考虑的岩性参数是介质两侧速度及密度比，在时间域内对反射系数的正演计算公式进行线性化，获取反演的灵敏度矩阵，然后计算该矩阵的特征值及特征向量，继而分析岩性参数反演的敏感性。分析结果说明海底多波多分量资料可以提高海底AVO岩性参数反演的可靠性，不仅能够反演得到波阻抗，而且能较好地分别反演出介质两侧纵横波速度及密度比。
Ocean bottom multiwave, multicomponent seismic data can provide geologic informationon gas-bearing high-pressure strata. These components have a different sensltivity to petrophysidri pa-rameter inversion using AVO data. Analysis and study of the sensitivity by forward modelling techniqueare helpful to improving the reliability of petrophysical parameter inversion with AVO data. In this pa-per, the Zoeppritz equation is used for sensitivlty analysis of the inversion and for determining whichpetrophysical parameters or their combination can be obtained from the AVO data inversion. The param-eters considered are velocity ratio and density ratio between two sides of media. First, we linearize theforward formula of computing reflectivity in time domain to obtain the sensitivity matrix of inversion,then compute the eigenvalue and eigenvoctor of the matrix, and finally analyze the sensit1vity of petro-physical parameter inversion. The analysis results say that the ocean bettom multiwave , multicomponentdata can increase the reliability of AVO data inversion.Not only the wave impedance, but also the veloc-ity ratio and density ratio between two sides of media can be well derived from the inversion.
Ocean bottom multiwave, multicomponent seismic data can provide geologic informationon gas-bearing high-pressure strata. These components have a different sensltivity to petrophysidri pa-rameter inversion using AVO data. Analysis and study of the sensitivity by forward modelling techniqueare helpful to improving the reliability of petrophysical parameter inversion with AVO data. In this pa-per, the Zoeppritz equation is used for sensitivlty analysis of the inversion and for determining whichpetrophysical parameters or their combination can be obtained from the AVO data inversion. The param-eters considered are velocity ratio and density ratio between two sides of media. First, we linearize theforward formula of computing reflectivity in time domain to obtain the sensitivity matrix of inversion,then compute the eigenvalue and eigenvoctor of the matrix, and finally analyze the sensit1vity of petro-physical parameter inversion. The analysis results say that the ocean bettom multiwave , multicomponentdata can increase the reliability of AVO data inversion.Not only the wave impedance, but also the veloc-ity ratio and density ratio between two sides of media can be well derived from the inversion.
引文
1 朱光明.垂直地震剖面.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
2 Aki K and Richflrds P G. Quantitative feismology:Thoory and Methods . W H Freeman & Co, SanFrancisco 1980
3 Amundsen L and Reltan A. Estimation of sea - floor wave velocities and density from pressure andparticle velocity by AVO analysis. Geophysics , l995, 6O(6 ): l575～1578
4 Andrea de Nicolao, Giuseppe Drufuca and Fabio Rocca. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linearized e-lastic inversion. Geophysics, 1993, 58 (5 ): 670～679
5 Berg E, Svenning B and Matin J. SUMIC. Multi-component sea bettom seismic surveying in theNorth Sea . Data interpretation and applications. 64th Ann lntemat Mtg Soc Expl Geophys, Ex-panded Abstract:s, 1994, l231～1236
6 Bjorn Ursin et al. The information contains in the matric of elastic reflection. 62th Ann Internat MtgSoc Expl Geophys, Expanded Abstract:s, 1990, 231 ～236
7 Debski W and Tarantola A. Infonnation on elastic parameters obstained from the amplitudes of re-fiected waves. Goophyslcx, l995, 60(6): 1426 ～l436
8 Florence Delprat and Patrick thilly. With information is contained in reflection tomography data ?6lth Ann Internat Mtg Soc Expl Geophys, Expanded Abstract:s, l991, l290～l293
9 Pous J, Macroello A and Queralt P. Resistivity inversion with a priori information. GeophysicalProspecting, 1987, 35 (2): 59O ～ 6O3
1O Joakim 0 Blanch. Inversion and AVO in attenuating media. 68th Ann Internat Mtg ler Expl Geo-phys, Expanded Abstract:s, AVO 2, 1998
11 Madhumita S. Sensitivity studies in forward AVO modeling. 68th Ann Internat Mtg Soc ExplGeophys, Expanded,Abstract:s, AVO 2, 1998
12 Shuey R T. A smplitication of the Zoeppritz equations.Geophysics, 1985, 5O(2): 6O9～61413 Swan H W. Romoval of offset - dependent tuning in AVO analysis. 67th Ann Internat Mtg SocExpl Geophys , Expanded Abstract:s, AVO 2. 5, 1997
2 Aki K and Richflrds P G. Quantitative feismology:Thoory and Methods . W H Freeman & Co, SanFrancisco 1980
3 Amundsen L and Reltan A. Estimation of sea - floor wave velocities and density from pressure andparticle velocity by AVO analysis. Geophysics , l995, 6O(6 ): l575～1578
4 Andrea de Nicolao, Giuseppe Drufuca and Fabio Rocca. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linearized e-lastic inversion. Geophysics, 1993, 58 (5 ): 670～679
5 Berg E, Svenning B and Matin J. SUMIC. Multi-component sea bettom seismic surveying in theNorth Sea . Data interpretation and applications. 64th Ann lntemat Mtg Soc Expl Geophys, Ex-panded Abstract:s, 1994, l231～1236
6 Bjorn Ursin et al. The information contains in the matric of elastic reflection. 62th Ann Internat MtgSoc Expl Geophys, Expanded Abstract:s, 1990, 231 ～236
7 Debski W and Tarantola A. Infonnation on elastic parameters obstained from the amplitudes of re-fiected waves. Goophyslcx, l995, 60(6): 1426 ～l436
8 Florence Delprat and Patrick thilly. With information is contained in reflection tomography data ?6lth Ann Internat Mtg Soc Expl Geophys, Expanded Abstract:s, l991, l290～l293
9 Pous J, Macroello A and Queralt P. Resistivity inversion with a priori information. GeophysicalProspecting, 1987, 35 (2): 59O ～ 6O3
1O Joakim 0 Blanch. Inversion and AVO in attenuating media. 68th Ann Internat Mtg ler Expl Geo-phys, Expanded Abstract:s, AVO 2, 1998
11 Madhumita S. Sensitivity studies in forward AVO modeling. 68th Ann Internat Mtg Soc ExplGeophys, Expanded,Abstract:s, AVO 2, 1998
12 Shuey R T. A smplitication of the Zoeppritz equations.Geophysics, 1985, 5O(2): 6O9～61413 Swan H W. Romoval of offset - dependent tuning in AVO analysis. 67th Ann Internat Mtg SocExpl Geophys , Expanded Abstract:s, AVO 2. 5, 1997
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