东北地区现今地壳形变特征研究
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摘要
利用东北地区37个GPS测站1997~2005年的观测数据研究了该区现今地壳形变特征。结果显示:东北地区相对欧亚板块的位移速率矢量较小,平均为1.58mm/a,表明该区总体上比较稳定;有5个测站的水平位移速率在95%的置信水平上具有显著性,而其他测站则并不显著;辽西地区的几个测站显示出一致性的东南运动,可能是青藏高原东向运动的远程效应;靠近1999年Mw7.1和2002年Mw7.3深源地震震中的测站速率较小,说明这两次深源地震对地表造成的形变并不明显。黑龙江东北部测站运动可能反映了北美板块向南楔入对欧亚板块的影响。
The present-day crustal deformation in the northeast China is studied with GPS data of 37 stations during 1997-2005. The velocities related to Eurasia is generally small, 1.58 mm/a on average, it is showing that the region is generally stable. Horizontal velocities of 5 stations appear to be significant at 95% confidence level, however other stations show insignificant motion. Several stations in the southwestern corner of the studied region are consistently moving towards the southeast, this is most probably a distant effect of the eastward motion of Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Small velocities of the stations near the epicenters of the 1999 Mw7.1 and 2002 Mw7.3 deep-focus earthquakes in Wangqing county,show that the 2 earthquakes did not cause broad deformation of shallow crust. The horizontal velocities of the stations in the Northeastern Heilongjiang province may reflect the effect of the North America plate’s invasion on the Eurasia plate.
The present-day crustal deformation in the northeast China is studied with GPS data of 37 stations during 1997-2005. The velocities related to Eurasia is generally small, 1.58 mm/a on average, it is showing that the region is generally stable. Horizontal velocities of 5 stations appear to be significant at 95% confidence level, however other stations show insignificant motion. Several stations in the southwestern corner of the studied region are consistently moving towards the southeast, this is most probably a distant effect of the eastward motion of Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Small velocities of the stations near the epicenters of the 1999 Mw7.1 and 2002 Mw7.3 deep-focus earthquakes in Wangqing county,show that the 2 earthquakes did not cause broad deformation of shallow crust. The horizontal velocities of the stations in the Northeastern Heilongjiang province may reflect the effect of the North America plate’s invasion on the Eurasia plate.
引文
[1]http://www.seismology.harvard.edu
[1]王庆良.火山形变及预警指标研究,2005.
1Takahashi H,Kasahara M,Kimata F,et al.Velocity field of around the sea Okhotsk and Sea of Japan region determined from a new continuous GPS network[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1999,26(16):2533-2536.
2Calais E,Vergonolle M,Deverchere J,et al.Are post-seismic effects of theM=8.4Bolnay earthquake(1905July23)still influencing GPS velocities in the Mongolia-Baikal are-a-[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2002,149:157-168.
3Kogan M G,Brgmann R,Vasilenko N F,et al.The2000Mw6.8Uglegorsk earthquake and regional plate boundary deformation of Sakalin from geodetic data[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2003,30(3):1102,doi:10.1029/2002GL016399.
4邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020~1030.4Deng Qidong,Zhang Peizhen,Ran Yongkang,et al.Charac-teristics of Chinese active tectonic units[J].Science in Chi-na(Series D),2002,32(12):1020-1030.(in Chinese)
5于龙伟.东北中强震和强震的时空分布特征[J].东北地震研究,1987,3(1):11~22.5Yu,Longwei.Spatio-temporal distribution of moderate-strong and strong earthquakes in the Northeastern China[J].Seis-mological Research of Northeast China,1987,3(1):11-22.(in Chinese)
6张立敏,唐晓明.西太平洋板块俯冲运动与中国东北深震带[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(4):331~340.6Zhang Limin and Tang Xiaoming.The underthrusting move-ment of the western Pacific plate and the deep focus earth-quake zone of northeast China[J].Acta Geophysica Sinca,1983,26(4):331-340.(in Chinese)
7刘若新.中国的活火山[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.7Liu Ruoxin.Active volcanoes in China[M].Beijing:Seismo-logical Press,2000.(in Chinese)
8任锦章,赵谊.五大连池火山群及其火山地质和地震活动的研究[A].1989年全国火山地震研讨会文集[C].北京:地震出版社,1990.8Ren Jinzhang and Zhao Yi.Wudalianchi volcano cluster and its tectonics as well as seismicity[A].Proceeding of confer-ence on volcano earthquakes in1989[C].Beijing:Seismo-logical Press,Beijing,1990.(in Chinese)
9孟国杰,赵承坤,顾国华,等.中国地壳运动观测网络首期基准站、基本站联测数据处理结果[J].地震,2001,21(1):63~68.9Meng Guojie,Zhao Chengkun,Gu Guohua,et al.GPS data processing of the first measurement of crustal movement ob-servation network of China[J].Earthquake,2001,21(1):63-68.(in Chinese)
10王敏,沈正康,牛之俊,等.现今中国大陆地壳运动与活动块体模型[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):21~32.10Wang Min,Shen Zhengkang,Niu Zhijun,et al.Contem-porary crusal movement in Chinses mainland and active block model[J].Science in China(Ser.D),2003,33(Supp.):21-32.(in Chinese)
11Dong D,Herring TA,and King R W.Estimating regional deformation from a combination of space and terrestrial geo-detic data[J].J.Geodesy,1998,72,200-214.
12DeMets C,Gordon R G,Argus D F and Stein S.Effect of recent revisions to the geomagnetic time scale on estimates of current plate motions[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1994,21:2191-2194.
13Sella G F,Dixon T H and Mao A.REVEL:A model for recent plate velocities from space geodesy[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2000,107(B4):2081,10.1029/2000JB000033.
14Kreemer C,Holt W E and Haines A J.An integrated glob-al model of present-day plate motions and plate boundary deformation[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2003,154:8-34.
15Wang Q,Zhang P Z,Freymuller J T,et al.Present-day crustal deformation in China constrained by global positio-ning system measurements[J].Science,2001,294:574-577.
16Shen Z K,LJ,Wang M and Brgmann R.Contemporary crustal deformation around the southeast borderland of the Tibetan Plateau[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2005,110,B11409,doi:10.1029/2004JB003421.
17Steblov G M,Kogan MG,King R W,et al.Imprint of the North American plate in Siberia revealed by GPS[J].Geo-phys.Res.Lett.,2003,30:2041-2044.
18England P and Molar P.Late Quaternary to decadal velocity fields in Asia[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2005,110,B12401,doi:10.1029/2004JB0003541.
19Kato T,G S Ell-Fiky,E NOware and S Miyazaki.Crustal strains in the Japanese islands as deduced from dense GPS array[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1998,25(18):3345-3348.
20Hamdy A M,P HPark and HC Lim.Horizontal deforma-tion in South Korea from permanent GPS network data,2000-2003[J].Earth Planets Space,2005,57:77-82.
21Zonenshain L P and L A Savostin.Geodynamics of the Bai-kal rift zone and plate tectonics of Asia[J].Tectonophys-ics,1981,76:1-45.
22Heki K,S Miyazaki,H Takahashi,et al.The Amurian plate motion and current plate kinematics in eastern Asia[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1999,104(B12),2501:29147-29155.
23Wei D and Seno T.Determination of the Amurian plate mo-tion[A].in Mantle Dynamics and Plate Interactions in East Asia[C].Geodynam.Series,ed.By M.Flower et al.Am.Geophys.Union,1998,27,337-346.
24许厚泽,熊熊.东北亚大陆地壳运动的GPS研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(4):1~6.24Xu Houze and Xiongxiong.Study on continental crust move-ment of Northeast Aisa with GPS[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(4):1-6.(in Chinese)
25王继业,等.东北亚地区地壳运动研究的GPS数据库建设及管理系统[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(专):137~141.25Wang Jiye,et al.GPS database and managing system for study on crustal movement in Northeastern Asia[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(Spec.):137-141.(in Chinese)
26Chen Q,J Freymueller,Q Wang,et al.A deforming block model for the present-day tectonics of Tibet[J].J.Geo-phys.Res.,2004,109,B01403,doi:10.1029/2002JB0002151.
27孟国杰,申旭辉,伍吉仓,等.GPS地壳形变监测网应变解算方法与程序设计[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(2):70~74.27Meng Guojie,Shen Xuhui,Wu Jicang,et al.Methods and program design of strain computation from GPS deformation data[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(2):70-74.(in Chinese)
28《中国岩石圈动力学地图集》编委会.中国岩石圈动力学地图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,1989.28Editorial Board for Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas.Lithos-pheric dynamics atlas of China[M].Beijing:Chinese Map Press,1989.(in Chinese)
[1]王庆良.火山形变及预警指标研究,2005.
1Takahashi H,Kasahara M,Kimata F,et al.Velocity field of around the sea Okhotsk and Sea of Japan region determined from a new continuous GPS network[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1999,26(16):2533-2536.
2Calais E,Vergonolle M,Deverchere J,et al.Are post-seismic effects of theM=8.4Bolnay earthquake(1905July23)still influencing GPS velocities in the Mongolia-Baikal are-a-[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2002,149:157-168.
3Kogan M G,Brgmann R,Vasilenko N F,et al.The2000Mw6.8Uglegorsk earthquake and regional plate boundary deformation of Sakalin from geodetic data[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2003,30(3):1102,doi:10.1029/2002GL016399.
4邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020~1030.4Deng Qidong,Zhang Peizhen,Ran Yongkang,et al.Charac-teristics of Chinese active tectonic units[J].Science in Chi-na(Series D),2002,32(12):1020-1030.(in Chinese)
5于龙伟.东北中强震和强震的时空分布特征[J].东北地震研究,1987,3(1):11~22.5Yu,Longwei.Spatio-temporal distribution of moderate-strong and strong earthquakes in the Northeastern China[J].Seis-mological Research of Northeast China,1987,3(1):11-22.(in Chinese)
6张立敏,唐晓明.西太平洋板块俯冲运动与中国东北深震带[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(4):331~340.6Zhang Limin and Tang Xiaoming.The underthrusting move-ment of the western Pacific plate and the deep focus earth-quake zone of northeast China[J].Acta Geophysica Sinca,1983,26(4):331-340.(in Chinese)
7刘若新.中国的活火山[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.7Liu Ruoxin.Active volcanoes in China[M].Beijing:Seismo-logical Press,2000.(in Chinese)
8任锦章,赵谊.五大连池火山群及其火山地质和地震活动的研究[A].1989年全国火山地震研讨会文集[C].北京:地震出版社,1990.8Ren Jinzhang and Zhao Yi.Wudalianchi volcano cluster and its tectonics as well as seismicity[A].Proceeding of confer-ence on volcano earthquakes in1989[C].Beijing:Seismo-logical Press,Beijing,1990.(in Chinese)
9孟国杰,赵承坤,顾国华,等.中国地壳运动观测网络首期基准站、基本站联测数据处理结果[J].地震,2001,21(1):63~68.9Meng Guojie,Zhao Chengkun,Gu Guohua,et al.GPS data processing of the first measurement of crustal movement ob-servation network of China[J].Earthquake,2001,21(1):63-68.(in Chinese)
10王敏,沈正康,牛之俊,等.现今中国大陆地壳运动与活动块体模型[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):21~32.10Wang Min,Shen Zhengkang,Niu Zhijun,et al.Contem-porary crusal movement in Chinses mainland and active block model[J].Science in China(Ser.D),2003,33(Supp.):21-32.(in Chinese)
11Dong D,Herring TA,and King R W.Estimating regional deformation from a combination of space and terrestrial geo-detic data[J].J.Geodesy,1998,72,200-214.
12DeMets C,Gordon R G,Argus D F and Stein S.Effect of recent revisions to the geomagnetic time scale on estimates of current plate motions[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1994,21:2191-2194.
13Sella G F,Dixon T H and Mao A.REVEL:A model for recent plate velocities from space geodesy[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2000,107(B4):2081,10.1029/2000JB000033.
14Kreemer C,Holt W E and Haines A J.An integrated glob-al model of present-day plate motions and plate boundary deformation[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2003,154:8-34.
15Wang Q,Zhang P Z,Freymuller J T,et al.Present-day crustal deformation in China constrained by global positio-ning system measurements[J].Science,2001,294:574-577.
16Shen Z K,LJ,Wang M and Brgmann R.Contemporary crustal deformation around the southeast borderland of the Tibetan Plateau[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2005,110,B11409,doi:10.1029/2004JB003421.
17Steblov G M,Kogan MG,King R W,et al.Imprint of the North American plate in Siberia revealed by GPS[J].Geo-phys.Res.Lett.,2003,30:2041-2044.
18England P and Molar P.Late Quaternary to decadal velocity fields in Asia[J].J.Geophys.Res.,2005,110,B12401,doi:10.1029/2004JB0003541.
19Kato T,G S Ell-Fiky,E NOware and S Miyazaki.Crustal strains in the Japanese islands as deduced from dense GPS array[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1998,25(18):3345-3348.
20Hamdy A M,P HPark and HC Lim.Horizontal deforma-tion in South Korea from permanent GPS network data,2000-2003[J].Earth Planets Space,2005,57:77-82.
21Zonenshain L P and L A Savostin.Geodynamics of the Bai-kal rift zone and plate tectonics of Asia[J].Tectonophys-ics,1981,76:1-45.
22Heki K,S Miyazaki,H Takahashi,et al.The Amurian plate motion and current plate kinematics in eastern Asia[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1999,104(B12),2501:29147-29155.
23Wei D and Seno T.Determination of the Amurian plate mo-tion[A].in Mantle Dynamics and Plate Interactions in East Asia[C].Geodynam.Series,ed.By M.Flower et al.Am.Geophys.Union,1998,27,337-346.
24许厚泽,熊熊.东北亚大陆地壳运动的GPS研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(4):1~6.24Xu Houze and Xiongxiong.Study on continental crust move-ment of Northeast Aisa with GPS[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(4):1-6.(in Chinese)
25王继业,等.东北亚地区地壳运动研究的GPS数据库建设及管理系统[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(专):137~141.25Wang Jiye,et al.GPS database and managing system for study on crustal movement in Northeastern Asia[J].Jour-nal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(Spec.):137-141.(in Chinese)
26Chen Q,J Freymueller,Q Wang,et al.A deforming block model for the present-day tectonics of Tibet[J].J.Geo-phys.Res.,2004,109,B01403,doi:10.1029/2002JB0002151.
27孟国杰,申旭辉,伍吉仓,等.GPS地壳形变监测网应变解算方法与程序设计[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(2):70~74.27Meng Guojie,Shen Xuhui,Wu Jicang,et al.Methods and program design of strain computation from GPS deformation data[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(2):70-74.(in Chinese)
28《中国岩石圈动力学地图集》编委会.中国岩石圈动力学地图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,1989.28Editorial Board for Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas.Lithos-pheric dynamics atlas of China[M].Beijing:Chinese Map Press,1989.(in Chinese)
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