东昆仑断裂玛尼段震间形变场的INSAR观测及断层滑动率初步估计
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摘要
利用干涉雷达方法(INSAR)产生跨越1997年11月8日东昆仑断裂玛尼地震(Mw7.5)主破裂位置的震间视线向(LOS)形变场,形变的时间跨度为1.63 a,距玛尼地震发生前71 d.通过消除卫星轨道相位误差、相位解绕误差,以及部分大气水蒸气延迟作用引入的相位误差,获得了较高信噪比的INSAR震间形变场.从形变场中选取垂直断层的一条220 km长、11 km宽的形变剖面,求得与断层平行的地表水平形变量和形变速率;再从上述剖面选取主要反映构造形变的部分(115 km),结合玛尼地震同震反演结果,基于反正切弹性位错模型反演断层的锁定深度和断层滑动速率.结果表明,若断层闭锁深度为18 km,得到的玛尼段震间滑动速率为(10.2±0.4)mm/a,与地质观测比较一致;同时没有发现任何震前断层形变突然加剧的迹象,"形变前兆"说不成立.
引文
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