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可控震源地震勘探中的数值模拟法应用
摘要
可控震源激发信号的设计和选择直接影响资料的信噪比。通过对比不同震源信号激发的实际单炮记录选取最佳激发信号的常规方法成本较高。本文基于地震勘探基础理论,通过信号自相关提取不同震源信号的子波,将该子波与实际反射系数做褶积运算,进而通过分析、研究所得数值模拟地震道记录评判激发信号的优劣。由于不受其他因素的影响,数值模拟结果直观而单纯地反映了不同震源信号对地震资料的影响,所得结论可靠。在WLH探区的实际应用效果表明,该方法能为可控震源信号的设计提供现实指导。
Vibroseis sweep in seismic exploration has great impact on seismic data S/N,so it is necessary to choose or design an optimal vibroseis sweep.A common way to do this is to compare different shot records generated by different sweeps,and then choose an optimal vibroseis sweep based on the shot records.This method in the practice is very costly.We propose a new approach for choosing optimal sweeps in this paper.Based on the mathematical theory of seismic exploration,we first extract wavelets of different sweeps with autocorrelation.Then we convolve wavelets with reflection coefficients.Finally we choose an optimal vibroseis sweep based on simulated seismic data.This approach is reliable,because only the sweep has the impacts on simulated data.The proposed approach was successfully used in WLH area;model and real seismic data match very well.
引文
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