金属矿隐患空区三维信息获取及其动力失稳数值分析技术研究
|
摘要
金属矿产资源地下开采形成的隐患空区不仅危及矿山的安全,而且对资源的充分回收造成困难,隐患空区业已成为我国矿山安全、高效开采过程中迫切需要解决的难题之一。开展金属矿隐患空区三维信息动态获取、隐患空区动力失稳数值分析与仿真等相关技术的研究与应用,是我国金属矿山安全生产所面临的重要研究课题之一。
运用理论分析、现场探测、数值模拟相结合的方法,采用空区激光探测系统(CMS)、矿业软件Surpac及数值分析软件Flac3D、RFPA等数字化工具,紧密结合国家“十一五”科技支撑项目专题“金属矿大范围隐患空区调查及事故辩识关键技术研究(2007BAK22B04-12)”,针对冬瓜山铜矿、凡口铅锌矿及铜坑矿隐患空区的具体工程实际,开展金属矿隐患空区三维信息获取及其动力失稳数值分析与仿真技术研究,主要研究内容如下：
(1)针对井下不同作业环境提出了相适应的隐患空区CMS现场探测方法。研究了CMS空区探测点云数据过滤与探测数据拼接的原理,实现了空区探测原始点云数据格式的转换；研究了隐患空区三维空间模型构建的Delaunay三角剖分法,提出采用矿业软件Surpac构建可视化程度更高、可编辑性更强和实用性更好的空区三维模型技术,并将该技术成功应用于矿山空区三维实体模型的构建。
(2)探索了井下高温、高湿度、多粉尘、多烟雾等多相多场复杂环境对空区激光探测精度的影响规律；利用多项式拟合法获得CMS探测扫描头调零参数与支撑杆倾角及旋转角之间的关系；建立了用于扫描头倾角误差修正的公式,精确计算出扫描头的实际倾角,并据此对探测原始数据进行修改,准确获取空区空间位置；提出了修改扫描点数据和模型编辑两种对空区模型进行修正的方法,形成运用激光探测手段精确获取地下空区的空间位置形态、面积和体积大小、坍塌程度等相关信息的可视化技术。
(3)针对铜坑矿、凡口铅锌矿和冬瓜山铜矿的具体工程实际,开展了金属矿空区三维信息精确获取及可视化应用研究,实现了隐患空区群三维探查及危险性可视化分级、基于空区实测与采场块体建模的回采指标可视化计算及深井采场空区垮塌三维动态探测,为矿山实施空区评价与治理、开采质量控制、资源有效回收方案制定提供了技术支持。
(4)在综合研究地学模拟软件和数值模拟软件文件数据格式的基础上,采用文件格式转换和数据转换接口编程两种方式开展地学模拟与数值模拟耦合研究,实现了地学模拟软件Surpac与数值模拟软件Phase2、MIDAS/GTS、Ansys和Flac3D的耦合,为进行复杂空区动力失稳数值分析与仿真前处理模型的构建奠定了基础。
(5)构建了冬瓜山铜矿用于垮塌空区动力失稳分析的三维地质模型,利用CMS实测数据建立了垮塌空区的三维实体模型,以实体模型为基础通过约束赋值生成块体模型；利用地学模拟与数值模拟耦合方法,采用编写的"Surpac-Flac3D"数据转换接口程序,实现了复杂垮塌空区动力失稳Flac3D数值分析前处理模型的构建。开展了垮塌空区动力失稳三维数值模拟研究,形成了金属矿隐患空区动力失稳数值分析方法。
(6)在对铜坑矿隐患空区现场实测并准确获取相关信息的基础上,结合隐患空区危险性可视化分级结果,运用岩石破裂过程分析软件RFPA开展隐患空区动力失稳过程模拟仿真研究,形成了金属矿隐患空区动力失稳过程模拟仿真方法,为我国大范围隐患空区灾害预测和控制提供技术支持。
本文紧密结合工程实践,综合运用岩石力学、三维建模技术、空区精密探测技术以及数值分析软件工具,对金属矿隐患空区三维信息获取及其动力失稳数值模拟分析与仿真技术进行了深入的研究,对金属矿隐患空区调查、安全性评价、灾害预测与控制和资源安全高效开采,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。
A large amount of cavities formed by the metal mineral resources underground mining is not only endangering mine's safety but also bringing about serious difficulty to resource reclaim sufficiently. Disaster cavities are one of urgent and difficult problems to be solved in the process of safety and efficiency exploitation. The research and application of relevance technology, such as the dynamic acquisition of 3D information, the numerical analysis and simulation of dynamic destabilization and so on, is becoming a significant research topic confronted by our country metal mine safety in production.
Methods such as theoretical analysis, scene monitoring, numerical simulation and so forth are used synthetically in the paper. Using the Cavity Monitoring System (CMS), mine software Surpac, numerical simulation software Flac3D and RFPA as the main digital tools, coupling the project (2007BAK22B04-12) supported by the National 11th Five-Year Science and Technology Supporting Plan of China "investigation and accident identification key technology of large-area cavities in metal mine", aiming at the practical engineering of cavities in Donggua Shan Copper Mine, Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, and Tongkeng Mine, technology of 3D information acquisition and dynamic destabilization numerical simulation of disaster cavity in metal mine are carried out, and the main research contents are as follows.
(1) The different cavity CMS detection methods are put forward according to different conditions. The principle and method of the point cloud data filtering and splicing of CMS cavity detection are studied, and the format conversion of cavity detection initial point cloud data is realized successfully. The Delaunay triangulation method of cavities 3D modeling is researched. The cavity 3D model technology based on mine software Surpac, which has higher visual degree, editable and better adaptability, is proposed, and it has been successfully applied in the cavity 3D modeling of mine.
(2) The influence law of multi-phase and multi-field complicated environment, such as high temperature, high humidity, dense dust and strong smoke, is researched. The relations among the scanning head adjust parameters, supporting bars inclination and rotation angle are obtained using the polynomial fitting method. Based on the measured point's coordinates, the scanning head dip angle error correction formula is derived. According to the results to modify the initial detection data, the accurate space position of cavity can be obtained. All kinds of problems of model can be resolved through modifying the scanning point parameters and editing model, which is first put forward to, which establishes technical foundation for the exact acquisition of the relevant cavities information, such as spatial pattern, area and volume size, the degree of collapse.
(3) Aimed at the actual situation of Tongkeng Mine, Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, and Donggua Shan Copper Mine, with the help of the cavity monitoring system and mining software Surpac, the 3D cavity models are obtained, and then, based on the cavity models, the relevance visualization technologies are researched, such as the 3D monitoring and risk visualization grading of disaster cavities, mining index visible calculation based on cavity 3D monitoring and stope block modeling and 3D dynamic monitoring of collapse area in deep mine.
(4) On the base of comprehensive research on the file data format of numerical and geoscience simulation softwares, the coupling of 3D geoscience modeling with numerical simulation through file format conversion and data conversion interface program, is put forward to, which realizes the coupling of 3D geoscience modeling with numerical simulation and lays the foundation for the structure of pretreatment model of numerical analysis and simulation for complex cavity dynamic destabilization.
(5) The 3D geology models are constructed using Surpac for the dynamic destabilization analysis of collapse cavity in Donggua Tongkeng Mine, the collapse cavity 3D solid model based on CMS detecting data is established, and then the block model is generated through constraint evaluation based on solid models. Using the coupling method of 3D geoscience modeling with numerical simulation, the program of "Surpac-Flac3D" data conversion interface is compiled and then the large and complex pretreatment model before Flac3D numerical analysis of collapse cavity dynamic destabilization is structured. On the base of the blasting seismic wave of field measurement of collapse area, by means of Flac3D foundation of dynamical analysis, meanwhile considering the influence of cavity excavation process and blasting vibration on the collapse stability, the process and mechanism of cavity dynamic destabilization is simulated and the numerical analysis method of dynamic destabilization of disaster cavities in metal mine is formed.
(6) Based on the field measurement and information acquisition of disaster cavities in Tongkeng Mine and coupling the risk classification results of cavity, the simulation technology of dynamical destabilization of disaster cavities by means of the rock failure process analysis RFPA is researched. The simulation method of dynamical destabilization of disaster cavities in metal mines is formed, which provides the technical support for disaster prediction and control of of large area disaster cavities.
This paper combines engineering practice closely, comprehensively use the means of rock mechanics,3D modeling technology and method, cavity precise monitoring technology and numerical analysis software, the technology of 3D information acquisition and dynamic destabilization numerical simulation of disaster cavity in metal mine are deeply researched. The research results are significant have important theory and practical significance on the investigation, safety evaluation, disaster prediction and control of cavities and resources safety and efficiency exploitation in metal mine.
运用理论分析、现场探测、数值模拟相结合的方法,采用空区激光探测系统(CMS)、矿业软件Surpac及数值分析软件Flac3D、RFPA等数字化工具,紧密结合国家“十一五”科技支撑项目专题“金属矿大范围隐患空区调查及事故辩识关键技术研究(2007BAK22B04-12)”,针对冬瓜山铜矿、凡口铅锌矿及铜坑矿隐患空区的具体工程实际,开展金属矿隐患空区三维信息获取及其动力失稳数值分析与仿真技术研究,主要研究内容如下：
(1)针对井下不同作业环境提出了相适应的隐患空区CMS现场探测方法。研究了CMS空区探测点云数据过滤与探测数据拼接的原理,实现了空区探测原始点云数据格式的转换；研究了隐患空区三维空间模型构建的Delaunay三角剖分法,提出采用矿业软件Surpac构建可视化程度更高、可编辑性更强和实用性更好的空区三维模型技术,并将该技术成功应用于矿山空区三维实体模型的构建。
(2)探索了井下高温、高湿度、多粉尘、多烟雾等多相多场复杂环境对空区激光探测精度的影响规律；利用多项式拟合法获得CMS探测扫描头调零参数与支撑杆倾角及旋转角之间的关系；建立了用于扫描头倾角误差修正的公式,精确计算出扫描头的实际倾角,并据此对探测原始数据进行修改,准确获取空区空间位置；提出了修改扫描点数据和模型编辑两种对空区模型进行修正的方法,形成运用激光探测手段精确获取地下空区的空间位置形态、面积和体积大小、坍塌程度等相关信息的可视化技术。
(3)针对铜坑矿、凡口铅锌矿和冬瓜山铜矿的具体工程实际,开展了金属矿空区三维信息精确获取及可视化应用研究,实现了隐患空区群三维探查及危险性可视化分级、基于空区实测与采场块体建模的回采指标可视化计算及深井采场空区垮塌三维动态探测,为矿山实施空区评价与治理、开采质量控制、资源有效回收方案制定提供了技术支持。
(4)在综合研究地学模拟软件和数值模拟软件文件数据格式的基础上,采用文件格式转换和数据转换接口编程两种方式开展地学模拟与数值模拟耦合研究,实现了地学模拟软件Surpac与数值模拟软件Phase2、MIDAS/GTS、Ansys和Flac3D的耦合,为进行复杂空区动力失稳数值分析与仿真前处理模型的构建奠定了基础。
(5)构建了冬瓜山铜矿用于垮塌空区动力失稳分析的三维地质模型,利用CMS实测数据建立了垮塌空区的三维实体模型,以实体模型为基础通过约束赋值生成块体模型；利用地学模拟与数值模拟耦合方法,采用编写的"Surpac-Flac3D"数据转换接口程序,实现了复杂垮塌空区动力失稳Flac3D数值分析前处理模型的构建。开展了垮塌空区动力失稳三维数值模拟研究,形成了金属矿隐患空区动力失稳数值分析方法。
(6)在对铜坑矿隐患空区现场实测并准确获取相关信息的基础上,结合隐患空区危险性可视化分级结果,运用岩石破裂过程分析软件RFPA开展隐患空区动力失稳过程模拟仿真研究,形成了金属矿隐患空区动力失稳过程模拟仿真方法,为我国大范围隐患空区灾害预测和控制提供技术支持。
本文紧密结合工程实践,综合运用岩石力学、三维建模技术、空区精密探测技术以及数值分析软件工具,对金属矿隐患空区三维信息获取及其动力失稳数值模拟分析与仿真技术进行了深入的研究,对金属矿隐患空区调查、安全性评价、灾害预测与控制和资源安全高效开采,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。
A large amount of cavities formed by the metal mineral resources underground mining is not only endangering mine's safety but also bringing about serious difficulty to resource reclaim sufficiently. Disaster cavities are one of urgent and difficult problems to be solved in the process of safety and efficiency exploitation. The research and application of relevance technology, such as the dynamic acquisition of 3D information, the numerical analysis and simulation of dynamic destabilization and so on, is becoming a significant research topic confronted by our country metal mine safety in production.
Methods such as theoretical analysis, scene monitoring, numerical simulation and so forth are used synthetically in the paper. Using the Cavity Monitoring System (CMS), mine software Surpac, numerical simulation software Flac3D and RFPA as the main digital tools, coupling the project (2007BAK22B04-12) supported by the National 11th Five-Year Science and Technology Supporting Plan of China "investigation and accident identification key technology of large-area cavities in metal mine", aiming at the practical engineering of cavities in Donggua Shan Copper Mine, Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, and Tongkeng Mine, technology of 3D information acquisition and dynamic destabilization numerical simulation of disaster cavity in metal mine are carried out, and the main research contents are as follows.
(1) The different cavity CMS detection methods are put forward according to different conditions. The principle and method of the point cloud data filtering and splicing of CMS cavity detection are studied, and the format conversion of cavity detection initial point cloud data is realized successfully. The Delaunay triangulation method of cavities 3D modeling is researched. The cavity 3D model technology based on mine software Surpac, which has higher visual degree, editable and better adaptability, is proposed, and it has been successfully applied in the cavity 3D modeling of mine.
(2) The influence law of multi-phase and multi-field complicated environment, such as high temperature, high humidity, dense dust and strong smoke, is researched. The relations among the scanning head adjust parameters, supporting bars inclination and rotation angle are obtained using the polynomial fitting method. Based on the measured point's coordinates, the scanning head dip angle error correction formula is derived. According to the results to modify the initial detection data, the accurate space position of cavity can be obtained. All kinds of problems of model can be resolved through modifying the scanning point parameters and editing model, which is first put forward to, which establishes technical foundation for the exact acquisition of the relevant cavities information, such as spatial pattern, area and volume size, the degree of collapse.
(3) Aimed at the actual situation of Tongkeng Mine, Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, and Donggua Shan Copper Mine, with the help of the cavity monitoring system and mining software Surpac, the 3D cavity models are obtained, and then, based on the cavity models, the relevance visualization technologies are researched, such as the 3D monitoring and risk visualization grading of disaster cavities, mining index visible calculation based on cavity 3D monitoring and stope block modeling and 3D dynamic monitoring of collapse area in deep mine.
(4) On the base of comprehensive research on the file data format of numerical and geoscience simulation softwares, the coupling of 3D geoscience modeling with numerical simulation through file format conversion and data conversion interface program, is put forward to, which realizes the coupling of 3D geoscience modeling with numerical simulation and lays the foundation for the structure of pretreatment model of numerical analysis and simulation for complex cavity dynamic destabilization.
(5) The 3D geology models are constructed using Surpac for the dynamic destabilization analysis of collapse cavity in Donggua Tongkeng Mine, the collapse cavity 3D solid model based on CMS detecting data is established, and then the block model is generated through constraint evaluation based on solid models. Using the coupling method of 3D geoscience modeling with numerical simulation, the program of "Surpac-Flac3D" data conversion interface is compiled and then the large and complex pretreatment model before Flac3D numerical analysis of collapse cavity dynamic destabilization is structured. On the base of the blasting seismic wave of field measurement of collapse area, by means of Flac3D foundation of dynamical analysis, meanwhile considering the influence of cavity excavation process and blasting vibration on the collapse stability, the process and mechanism of cavity dynamic destabilization is simulated and the numerical analysis method of dynamic destabilization of disaster cavities in metal mine is formed.
(6) Based on the field measurement and information acquisition of disaster cavities in Tongkeng Mine and coupling the risk classification results of cavity, the simulation technology of dynamical destabilization of disaster cavities by means of the rock failure process analysis RFPA is researched. The simulation method of dynamical destabilization of disaster cavities in metal mines is formed, which provides the technical support for disaster prediction and control of of large area disaster cavities.
This paper combines engineering practice closely, comprehensively use the means of rock mechanics,3D modeling technology and method, cavity precise monitoring technology and numerical analysis software, the technology of 3D information acquisition and dynamic destabilization numerical simulation of disaster cavity in metal mine are deeply researched. The research results are significant have important theory and practical significance on the investigation, safety evaluation, disaster prediction and control of cavities and resources safety and efficiency exploitation in metal mine.
引文
[1]国家安全生产科技发展规划非煤矿山领域研究报告[R].国家安全生产监督管理局,国家煤矿安全监察局,2003.
[2]李冬青,王李管,等.深井硬岩大规模开采理论与技术-冬瓜山铜矿床开采研究与实践[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2009.
[3]关凤峻.中国二元结构矿业经济研究[M].北京：中国大地出版社,2001.
[4]古德生,李夕兵,等.现代金属矿床开采科学金属[M].北京：冶金出版社,2006.
[5]王亚军,李生才.2008年1-2月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(2)：170-173.
[6]王亚军,李生才.2008年3-4月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(3)：169-172.
[7]王亚军,李生才.2008年5-6月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(4)：173-176.
[8]王亚军,李生才.2008年7-8月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(5)：173-176.
[9]王亚军,李生才.2008年9-10月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(6)：169-172.
[10]王亚军,李生才.2009年10-12月国内安全生产事故统计分析.[EB／OL].[2010.3.10].http://www.Aqyhjxb.com.cn/.
[11]王亚军,李生才.2009年1-12月国内安全生产事故统计分析.[EB／OL].[2010.3.10].http://www.Aqyhjxb.com.cn/.
[12]刘晓明.基于实测的采空区三维建模及其衍生技术的研究与应用：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007.
[13]王啟明,徐必根,唐绍辉,等.我国金属非金属矿山采空区现状与治理对策分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(4)：63-68.
[14]程久龙,胡克峰,王玉和,等.探地雷达探测地下采空区的研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(S)：79-82.
[15]闫长斌,徐国元,中国生.复杂地下空区综合探测技术研究及其应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(4)：481-483.
[16]童立元.高速公路与下伏采空区相互作用分析理论与处理技术研究：[博士 学位论文].南京：东南大学,2003.
[17]黄仁东.金属矿山隐患空区声波层析成像识别及其安全控制技术研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2005.
[18]刘敦文.地下岩体工程灾害隐患空区雷达探测与控制研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2001.
[19]刘晓明,罗周全,孙利娟,等.空区激光探测系统在我国的研究与应用[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(2)：611-614.
[20]罗周全,鹿浩,刘晓明,等.基于空区探测的采场超欠挖量计算及顶板安全分析[J].金属矿山,2007,(12)：36-38.
[21]罗周全,张保,刘晓明,等.基于CMS精密探测的采场贫化损失计算方法[J].金属矿山,2007,(10)：84-88.
[22]罗周全,杨彪,刘晓明,等.采用CMS辅助矿柱回采爆破设计研究[J].金属矿山,2007,(3)：15-17.
[23]王明华.工程岩体三维地质建模与可视化研究：[博士学位论文].武汉：中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,2004.
[24]Raper J F. Three-dimensional modeling with geoscientific information systems [M]. NATO ASI, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers,1992:215-232.
[25]Thomas R. Fisher. Use of 3D geographic information systems in hazardous wastesite investigations[M]. Oxford University Press. Environmental Modeling with GIS,1993.
[26]Erarslan, Kaan. Practical approach for 3D modeling of ore bodies and the design of development for underground of mines [J]. Mineral Resources Engineering, 2000,9 (3):12-16.
[27]Lemon A M, Jones N L. Building solid models from boreholes and user-defined cross-sections [J]. Computers & Geosciences,2003,29 (3):547-555.
[28]Simon W. Houlding. Practical geostatistics, modeling and spatial analysis [M]. New York and Heidelburg, Springer-Verlag,2000.
[29]李清泉.基于混合结构的三维GIS数据模型与空间分析研究：[博士学位论文].武汉：武汉测绘科技大学,1998.
[30]王纯样,白世伟.贺怀建.三维地层可视化中地质建模研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11)：1722-1725.
[31]吴立新,张瑞新,戚宜欣,等.三维地学模拟与虚拟矿山系统[J].测绘学报,2002,31(1)：28-33.
[32]龚健雅,夏宗国.矢量与栅格集成的三维数据模型[J].武汉测绘科技大学 学报,1997,(1)：7-15.
[33]潘炜,刘大安,钟辉亚,等.三维地质建模以及在边坡工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4)：597-602.
[34]方海东,刘义怀,施斌,等.三维地质建模及其工程应用[J].水文地质工程地质,2002,(3)：52-55.
[35]Wu Li-xin. Topological relations embodied in a generalized tri-prism (GTP) model for a 3D geosciences modeling system[J]. Computer & Geosciences, 2004,30 (4):405-418.
[36]Wu Qiang, Xu Hua. An approach to computer modeling and visualization of geological faults in 3D[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2003,29(4):507-513.
[37]柴贺军,黄地龙,黄润秋,等.岩体结构三维可视化模型研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(1)：55-59.
[38]曹代勇,王占刚.三维地质模型可视化中直接三维交互的实现[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(5)：384-387.
[39]罗周全,刘晓明,苏家红,等.基于Surpac的矿床三维模型构建[J].金属矿山,2006,(4)：33-36.
[40]Luo Zhou-quan, Liu Xiao-ming, Su Jia-hong, et al. Deposit 3D modeling and application [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007,14 (2):225-229.
[41]Liu Xiao-ming, Luo Zhou-quan, Luo Zhen-yan, et al. Geology automatic plotting based on secondary development of Surpac[C]. Proceedings of Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application,2009: 357-360.
[42]Gong Jian-ya, Cheng Peng-gen, Wang Dong-yang. Three dimensional modeling and application in geological exploration engineering[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2004,30 (4):391-404.
[43]Wu Qiang, Xu Hua. An approach to computer modeling and visualization of geological faults in 3D[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2003,29(4):507-513.
[44]Gilbertson R J. The application of the cavity measurement system at olympic dam operations[C]. Proc. Underground Operators Conference, Kalgoorlie, Western Australia,1995:245-252.
[45]Breuning M. An approach to the integration of spatial data and system for 3D geo-information system[J]. Computer & Geosciences,1999,25 (1):39-48.
[46]Fang Yuan-min, Deng Jin-can, Mi Hong-yan. Construction and visualization of 3D vacant place model[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology.2005,15 (S1):61-64.
[47]罗周全,朱青凌,刘晓明,等.钨矿床三维建模和储量可视化计算[J].科技导报,2009,27(19)：65-68.
[48]周智勇,陈建宏,周科平.Surpac Vision软件在矿床建模中的应用[J].矿业工程,2004,2(4)：56-58.
[49]蒋源,李峰,贾福聚,等.矿床三维模型在曼家寨锡锌多金属矿的应用[J].金属矿山,2009,(4)：95-97.
[50]姜华,秦德先,陈爱兵,等.国内外矿业软件的研究现状及发展趋势[J].矿产与地质,2005,19(4)：422-425.
[51]冯超东,曹亮.基于Surpac的露天矿三维采掘进度计划编制系统[J].金属矿山,2008,(12)：139-141.
[52]陈跃升,卓通照,袁海平,等.基于Surpac的马坑铁矿地质数据库研究[J].金属矿山,2009,(3)：144-145.
[53]Gemcom Software International Inc. Surpac vision software user manual [M]. Beijing:Surpac Software International,2004.
[54]Zhang Li-qiang, Tan Yu-min, Kang Zhi-zhong. A method logy for 3D modeling and visualization of geological objects[J]. Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,2009,52 (7) 1022-1029.
[55]Wang Yi-ming, Wu Ai-xiang, Chen Xue-song, et al. New mining technique with big panels and stopes in deep mine[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18 (1):183-189.
[56]邹艳红,周胜,陈进,等.基于三维可视化环境的地质体空间形态分析[J].地理信息世界,2008,(5)：33-38.
[57]贾建红,周传波,张亚海,等.基于Datamine的三维采矿工程可视化建模技术研究[J].金属矿山,2009,(3)：111-115.
[58]陈爱兵,秦德先,张学书,等.基于Micromine矿床三维立体模型的应用[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(5)：77-80.
[59]Xu Zeng-he, Xu Xiao-he. A cusp catastrophe, precursors pattern and evolution process of rockbust of coal pillar under a hard rock subject to elastic support [J]. Journal of Coal Science & Engineering.1996, (6):24-31.
[60]王李管,曾庆田,贾明涛,等.复杂地质构造矿床三维可视化实体建模技术[J].金属矿山,2006,(12)：46-51.
[61]姜华,秦德先,陈爱兵,等.国内外矿业软件的研究现状及发展趋势[J].矿 产与地质,2005,19(4)：442-445.
[62]王李管,马紫娟,荆永滨,等.基于块段模型的复杂地质体三维数值模拟技术[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(5)：1-4.
[63]梁涛,卢仁,WarrenWoodhous,等.应用Micromine软件实现矿山井巷工程的可视化管理[J].金属矿山,2009,(3)：107-112.
[64]秦德先,燕永峰,等.矿床数学经济模型[M].昆明：云南科技出版社,2001：4252.
[65]秦德先,刘春学.矿产资源经济学[M].北京：科学出版社出版,2002.
[66]陈爱兵,秦德先.个旧锡矿5号矿体数学-经济模型[J].矿物学报,2004,24(2)：39-44.
[67]贾明涛,潘长良.集成可视化矿床建模软件DMS在某矿山的应用[J].中南工业大学学报,2000,31(5)：396-399.
[68]黄竞先,李春霞.矿业地质统计学在我国的应用现状及对影响克立格估计的若干因素的研究[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1997,6(4)：38-43.
[69]侯景儒.中国地质统计学(空间信息统计学)发展的回顾及前景[J].地质与勘探,1996,32(1)：20-25.
[70]刘云,盖俊鹏,刘颖.利用3DMine软件建立矿山地质三维模型[J].矿业工程,2009,7(5)：58-60.
[71]蒋京名,王李管.Dimine矿业软件推动我国数字化矿山发展[J].中国矿业,2009,(10)：90-92.
[72]房智恒,王李管.基亏Dimine软件的采矿方法真三维设计研究与实现[J].金属矿山,2009,(5)：129-131,137.
[73]孙木楠.利用Kriging方法进行结构模型修改[J].应用力学学报,2005,22(2)：217-221.
[74]赵红亮,冯夏庭,张东晓,等.岩土力学参数空间变异性的集合卡尔曼滤波估值[J].岩土力学,2007,28(10)：2219-2223,2228.
[75]李晓军,王长虹,朱合华.Kriging插值方法在地层模型生成中的应用[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1)：157-163.
[76]张伟,林承焰,董春梅.多点地质统计学在秘鲁D油田地质建模中的应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,23(4)：24-29.
[77]马洪滨,熊俊楠.基于地质统计学的储量估算系统[J].煤炭学报,2007,23(3)：267-272.
[78]何亚群,左蔚然,张书敏,等.基于地质统计学的煤田煤质插值方法比较[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(5)：514-518.
[79]周子龙,李夕兵,赵国彦.民窿空区群级联失稳评价[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(5)：91-95.
[80]赵奎.岩金矿山采空区及残留矿柱回采稳定性研究：[硕士学位论文].北京：北京科技大学,2002.
[81]Szwedzicki T. Geotechnical precursors to large-scale ground collapse in mines [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38: 957-965.
[82]吴兆营,薄景山,杜国林,等.采空区对地表稳定性的影响[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(2)：140-144.
[83]彭欣.复杂采空区稳定性及近区开采安全性研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2008.
[84]孙宗弟.高等级公路下伏宝洞勘探、危害程度评价及处治研究报告集[R].北京：科学出版社,2000.
[85]地矿部物化探研究所情报室.日本工程物探技术译文集[M].北京：地矿部物化探研究所,1984.
[86]刘敦文,古德生,徐国元,等.采空区充填物探地雷达识别技术研究及应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2005,27(1)：13-16.
[87]刘菁华,王祝文,朱士,等.煤矿采空区及塌陷区的地球物理探查[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(6)：715-719.
[88]韩许恒.氛射气探测在采空区勘察中的应用[J].工程勘察,1996,(5)：63-65.
[89]王超凡.地震CT及其在采空区探测中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1998,(1)：367-375.
[90]常锁亮.多道瞬态瑞雷波法在探测煤矿采空区中的应用[J].中国煤田地质.2002,14(3)：70-72.
[91]曾若云.直流电法在探测老窑采空区的应用[J].煤田地质,2001,(4)：53-54.
[92]王恩元,贾慧霖,李忠辉,等.用电磁辐射法监测预报矿山采空区顶板稳定性[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1)：16-19.
[93]毛方儒,王磊.三维激光扫描测量技术[J].宇航计测技术,2005,25(2)：1-6.
[94]Fardin N, Feng Q, Stephansson O. Application of a new insitu 3D laser scanner to study the scale effect on the rock joint surface roughness[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41 (2):329-335.
[95]刘 盈.浅谈地面三维激光扫描技术在市政工程测量中的应用[J].北京测绘,2008,(1)：67-68.
[96]Huber D, Vandapel N. Automatic 3D underground mine mapping [J]. International Journal of Robotics Research,2005,25 (1):7-17.
[97]Daniel F H, Nicolas V. Automatic three-dimensional underground mine mapping[J]. The International Journal of Robotics Research,2006,25 (1): 7-18.
[98]Naesset E. Determination of mean tree height of forest stands using airborne laser scanner data[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1997, (52):49-56.
[99]蔡润彬.地面激光扫描数据后处理若干关键技术研究：[硕士学位论文].上海：同济大学,2008.
[100]Axelsson P. Processing of laser scanner data methods and algorithms [J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,1998,53:1-6.
[101]Huising E J, Gomes Pereira L M. Errors and accuracy estimates of laser data acquired by various laser scanning systems for topographic applications [J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,1998,53:245-261.
[102]董秀军,黄润秋.三维激光扫描测量在汶川地震后都汶公路快速抢通中的应用[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6)：774-780.
[103]孙树芳,方源敏.三维激光扫描技术的数据处理及误差分析[J].科技创新导报,2008,(30)：1-2.
[104]丁清光.空间三维数据的实时获取与可视化建模：[硕士学位论文].郑州：解放军信息工程大学,2006.
[105]Liu Xi-ling, Li Xi-bing, Li Fa-ben, et al.3D cavity detection technique and its application based on cavity auto scanning laser system[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2008,15 (4):285-288.
[106]曾凌方,李夕兵,刘希灵,等.栾川三道庄钼矿地下采空区三维模型的建立与可视化研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(3)：31-33.
[107]C-ALS空区探测系统软件用户使用手册(第二版)[M].The Cavity Scanning Laser System Software International国际软件公司发行,2007.
[108]刘科伟,李夕兵,宫凤强,等.基于C-ALS及Surpac-Flac3D耦合技术的复杂空区稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9)：1924-1931.
[109]Optech System Corporation. Cavity Monitoring System wireless user manual [M]. Toronto:Optech System Corporaten,2004.
[110]Jarosz A, Shepherd L. Application of cavity monitoring system for control of dilution and ore loss in open stopes[C].11 th International Congress of ISM, Cracow, Poland,2000:155-164.
[111]John D Lup ton. Cavity Monitoring System and Stope Analysis [C]. Santiago, Chile,2004:56-62.
[112]Jarosz A, Shepherd L. Open Stope Cavity Monitoring for the Control of Dilution and Ore Loss[J]. Mining Engineering,1998, (8):63-67.
[113]夏永华,方源敏,孙宏生,等.三维激光探测技术在采空区测量中的应用与实践[J].金属矿山,2009,(2)：113-115.
[114]Luo Zhou-quan, Liu Xiao-ming, Zhang Bao, et al. Cavity 3D modeling and correlative techniques based on cavity monitoring[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2008,15 (5):639-644.
[115]Liu Xiao-ming, Luo Zhou-quan, Yuan Wen-ni, et al. CMS applications in metal mines of China[C]. Proceedings of Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application,2009:353-356.
[116]Liu Xiao-ming, Luo Zhou-quan, Chen Qing-fa, et al.3D dynamic monitoring of collapse area based on CMS-Surpac[C]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology,2009:637-641.
[117]过江,古德生,罗周全.金属矿山采空区3D激光探测新技术[J].矿冶工程.2006,26(5)：16-19.
[118]罗周全,刘晓明,张木毅,等.一种新颖的大规模采场回采指标可视化计算方法[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(6)：1722-1736.
[119]吴亚斌.基于CMS实测的采空区群稳定性数值模拟研究[D]：硕士学位论文.长沙：中南大学,2007.
[120]Lu Ai-zhong, Zhang Lu-qing. Alternating method study on analysis of surrounding rock for two random geometry tunnels[J]. Journal of Coal Science & Engineering,1997,3 (2):24-29.
[121]Liu Yu-zhou, LI Xiao-hong. Safety analysis of stability of surface gas drainage boreholes above goaf areas[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2007,13 (2): 149-153.
[122]Luo Yi-zhong, Wu Ai-xiang, Liu Xiang-ping, et al. Stability and reliability of pit slopes in surface mining combined with underground mining in Tonglushan mine[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2004,11 (4): 434-439.
[123]Chen Jian-hong, Gu De-sheng. The optimization principle of combined surface and underground mining and its applications [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2003,10 (3):56-60.
[124]Roland Pusch. Practical visualization of rock structure[J]. Engineering Geology, 1998, (49):231-236.
[125]李讯.复杂条件下建模技术与岩体开挖稳定性研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[126]何满潮,李学元,刘斌,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16)：2803-2813.
[127]来兴平.基于非线性动力学的采空区稳定性集成监测分析与预报系统研究及应用：[博士学位论文].北京：北京科技大学,2002.
[128]胡建华,苏家红,周科平,等.顶板诱导崩落模式选择时变数值分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(4)：931-936.
[129]雷光宇,卢爱红,茅献彪.应力波作用下巷道层裂破坏的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(9)：1477-1480.
[130]Schaubs P M, Ord A, German G H. Scenario testing of fluid-flow and deformation during mineralization:from simple to complex geometries Flac and numerical modeling in aeromechanics [M]. Rotterdam:A. A. Balkema,2003.
[131]Houlding S W.3D Geoscience Modeling:Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization [M]. Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1994.
[132]Zhou G Y, et al. Geographic information systems-based three-dimensional critical slope stability analysis and landslide hazard assessment[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,21 (11):1071-1180
[133]Wu Li-xin, Hou En-ke, Tang Chun-an, et al. Geological data organization for FEM based on 3D geoscience modeling [J]. The International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2001,34 (2):323-325.
[134]侯恩科,吴立新,李建民,等.三维地学模拟与数值模拟的耦合方法研究[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(4)：388-392.
[135]王纯祥,白世伟.三维地层信息系统与有限元方法集成研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21)：3695-3699.
[136]王明华,白云.层状岩体三维可视化构模与数值模拟的集成研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(7)：1123-1126.
[137]罗周全,吴亚斌,刘晓明,等.基于Surpac的复杂地质体Flac3D模型生成技术[J].岩土力学,2008,29(5)：1334-1338.
[138]罗周全,刘晓明,吴亚斌,等.基于Surpac和Phase2耦合的采空区稳定性模拟分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2008,27(4)：485-488.
[139]林杭,曹平,李江腾,等.基于Surpac的Flac3D三维模型自动构建[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(3)：339-342.
[140]廖秋林,曾钱帮.基于Ansys平台复杂地质体Flac3D模型的自动生成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6)：1010-1013.
[141]王涛,陈晓玲,杨建.基于3DGIS和3DEC的地下洞室围岩稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(19)：3476-3481.
[142]谢和平,陈忠辉,周宏伟,等.基于工程体和地质体相互作用的两体力学模型初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9)：1457-1464.
[143]刘爱华,赵国彦,曾凌方,等.矿山三维模型在滑坡体稳定性分析中的应用[J],岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(6)：1236-1243.
[144]李新星,朱合华,蔡永昌,等.基于三维地质模型的岩土工程有限元自动建模方法[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6)：854-862.
[145]毕林,王李管,荆永滨.多介质复杂结构条件下岩体工程开挖力学响应三维数值模拟技术[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(3)：40-45.
[146]Phase2 User Manual (Version 6.0) [M]. Canada:Rocscience Corporation, 2006.
[147]张宏博,黄茂松,王显春,等.浅埋隧道穿越建筑物桩基的三维有限元分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(12)：1587-1592.
[148]邬爱清,杨启贵,周火明,等.清江水布垭枢纽地下厂房岩石力学研究[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(4)：1-7.
[149]钱德玲,张文彦,曹光暄,等.基于GTS对单桩静载试验的有限元模拟分析[J].合肥工业大学学报：自然科学版,2009,32(2)：234-237.
[150]王树仁,张海清，慎乃齐,等.下伏采空区桥隧工程变形及受力响应特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6)：1144-1152.
[151]史彦文,韩常领,董溥.秦岭终南山特长隧道竖井衬砌的数值计算[J].公路,2007,(12)：214-218.
[152]乾增珍,鲁先龙,陈湘生,等.复杂应力状态下人工冻土蠕变数值模拟[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报：自然科学版,2005,24(1)：67-69.
[153]马 亢,徐进,张志龙,等.基于二次应力实测值的初始应力场反分析法及其工程应用[J].四川大学学报：工程科学版,2008,(6)：51-57.
[154]吴应祥,刘东升,宋强辉.基于Ansys概率设计系统的边坡稳定概率分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(6)：1047-1052.
[155]Yin Guo-qing, Jin Wei, Yang Xian-li. FEM simulation of formation of metamorphic core complex with Ansys software[J]. Global Geology,2007, 10 (1):58-64.
[156]Xu Li-qian, Wu Zi-yan, Hu Zhang-bin, et al. Dynamic response of cave lining layer under explosive loading[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2009,29 (1):132-137.
[157]Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 dimensions, version 3.0, User Manuals. Itasca Consulting Group, Inc,2005.
[158]Sayers C. M, Kaehanov M. Mierocrack-induced elastic wave an isotropy of brittle rocks[J]. Journal of GeoPhysical Research,1995,100 (B3):4149-4156
[159]闫长斌.爆破作用下岩体累积损伤效应及其稳定性研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[160]万文.地下空区对边坡稳定性的影响研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[161]刘晓明,罗周全,杨承祥,等.基于实测的采空区稳定性数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学.2007,28(S)：521-526.
[162]王育忠,高谦,王正辉.采场坍塌空区地球物理探测及矿山恢复生产设计与安全评价[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3)：903-908.
[163]刘国华,王振宇.爆破荷载作用下隧道的动态响应和抗爆分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2004,38(2)：15-18.
[164]刘亚群,李海波.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11)：42-45.
[165]张欣,李术才.爆破荷载作用下青岛胶州湾海底隧道覆盖岩层稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(11)：2348-2355.
[166]陈占军,朱传云,周小恒.爆破荷载作用下岩石边坡动态响应的Flac3D模拟研究[J].爆破,2005,22(4)：8-15.
[167]李海波,马行东,李俊.地震荷载作用下地下岩体洞室位移特征的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(3)：358-362.
[168]胡斌.深切峡谷区大型地下洞室群围岩稳定性的动态数值仿真研究：[博士学位论文].成都：成都理工大学,2001.
[169]夏祥.爆炸荷载作用下岩体损伤特征及安全阈值研究：[博士学位论文].武汉：中国科学院研究生院,2006.
[170]张友葩,高永涛,王杰.动载荷下边坡的失稳分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(2)：110-114.
[171]国胜兵,王明洋,赵跃堂,等.爆炸地震波作用下地下结构动力响应数值分析[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(4)：137-142.
[172]李菁.基于激光传感器点云数据的开挖地貌三维重建与显示：[硕士学位论文].上海：上海交通大学,2008.
[173]马立广.地面三维激光扫描测量技术研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉：武汉大学,2008.
[174]夏永华,方源敏,孙宏生,等.三维激光探测技术在采空区测量中的应用与实践[J].金属矿山,2009,(2)：113-115.
[175]贾广帅.机载激光雷达数据特点和滤波方法研究：[博士学位论文].青岛：山东科技大学,2007.
[176]郝海森,吴立新.基于强约束Delaunay-Tin的三维地学模拟与可视化[J].地理与地理信息科学,2003,19(2)：15-18.
[177]王盛玺,宋松和,邹正平.基于约束Delaunay三角化的二维非结构网格生成方法[J].计算物理,2009,26(3)：335-348.
[178]黄争舸,陈建军,郑耀.基于不规则三角网的分块地形网格生成算法[J].浙江大学学报：工学版,2009,(10)：1939-1944.
[179]Liu Zheng-xian, Wang Xue-jun, Dai Ji-shuang, et al. Application of factor difference scheme to solving discrete flow equations based on unstructured grid[J]. Transactions Of Tianjin University,2009, (5):324-329.
[180]武晓波,王世新,肖春生.Delaunay三角网的生成算法研究[J].测绘学报,1999,28(1)：28-35.
[181]李讯.复杂条件下建模技术与岩体开挖稳定性研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[182]宋子岭,耿晓伟,王德江.三维立体建模技术在矿业中应用研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(4)：456-459.
[183]陈建宏,周智勇,古德生.基于钻孔数据的勘探线剖面图自动生成[J].中南大学学报,2005,36(3)：486-490.
[184]周智勇,陈建宏,杨立兵.大型矿山地矿工程三维可视化模型的构建[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(3)：423-428.
[185]朱良峰,吴信才,刘修国,等.基于钻孔数据的三维地层模型的构建[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(3)：26-30.
[186]王恩德,李艳,鲍玉斌.矿体三维可视化建模技术[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(9)：890-892.
[187]罗周全,刘晓明,张木毅,等.大规模采场三维探测及回采指标可视化计算[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(6)：1722-1736.
[188]罗周全,刘晓明,吴亚斌,等.地质统计学在多金属矿床储量计算中的应 用研究[J].地质与勘探,2007,43(3)：83-87.
[189]贾明涛.矿床建模与储量计算技术研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南工业大学,1999.
[190]夏永华,方源敏,孙宏生,等.3D激光探测系统在采空区测量中的精度评价[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2009,61(4)：55-58.
[191]刘晓明,罗周全,张保,等.CMS空区探测的环境影响及误差分析与纠正[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(4)：1-5.
[192]叶修松,张传定,王爱兵,等.机载激光水深测量误差分析[J].测绘科学技术学报,2008,25(6)：400-405.
[193]李清泉,李必军,陈静.激光雷达测量技术及其应用研究[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000,25(5)：387-391.
[194]高峰.顶板诱导崩落机理及次生灾变链式效应控制研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2009.
[195]苏家红.大范围隐患区资源开采安全控制技术研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2008.
[196]郭忠平.放顶煤开采顶煤贫化率优化研究[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(2)：137-140.
[197]John G H, Hani S M. Numerical modelling of ore dilution in blasthole stoping [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2007,44 (5):692-703.
[198]毕林,王李管,陈建宏,等.基于八叉树的复杂地质体块段模型建模技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(4)：532-537.
[199]Xu Guo-yuan, Yan Chang-bin. Numerical simulation for influence of excavation and blasting vibration on stability of mined-out area[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2006,13 (5):577-583.
[200]黄耀祥,王永岩,毕向阳.巷道围岩变形的有限元分析及灰色模型预报[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(5)：632-634.
[201]闫长斌,徐国元.竖向排列地下硐室群动力稳定性的数值模拟分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版).2006,37(3)：593-599.
[202]肖专文,龚晓南.岩体开挖与充填有限元计算结果的可视化研究[J].工程力学,2000,17(1)：41-46.
[203]朱维申,李晓静,郭彦双,等.地下大型洞室群稳定性的系统性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(10)：1689-1693.
[204]杨典森,陈卫忠,杨为民,等.龙滩地下洞室群围岩稳定性分析[J].岩土 力学,2004,25(3)：391-395.
[205]那新.东坪金矿地质灾害防治与采空区处理研究：[硕士学位论文].沈阳：东北大学,2005.
[206]孙国庆,施木俊,雷永红,等.三维工程地质模型与可视化研究[J].工程勘察.2001,(5)：8-10.
[207]朱合华,郑国平,吴江斌,等.基于钻孔信息的地层数据模型研究[J].同济大学学报,2003；31(5)：535-539.
[208]程朋根,陈红华,刘少华.地矿三维数据模型及其可视化方法的研究[J].中国矿业,2002,11(2)：60-63.
[209]He Zhong-ming, Cao Ping. Deformation and stability analysis of underground stope after excavation considering strain softening[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2008,39 (4):641-647.
[210]刘希灵,李夕兵,刘科伟,等.地下空区激光三维探测及稳定性分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(4)：549-553.
[211]Zhu Wei-shen, Liu Jian-hua, Li Shu-cai, et al. Flac3D numerical analysis of rheological character and stability of underground caverns surrounding rock mass of Xiao Langdi Key Water Control Project[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2006, (3):1473-1481.
[212]陈卫忠,朱维申,王宝林,等.节理岩体中采空区围岩大变形数值模拟及模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(3)：223-229.
[213]王树仁,魏翔,宋立志.采空区三维可视化模型构建及其冒落状况分析[J].勘察科学技术,2008,(3)：12-16.
[214]周小平,孙运轮,张永兴,等.大厂铜坑矿细脉带采场围岩稳定性的数值分析[J].地下空间,2000,20(4)：290-294.
[215]张绍国,王新民,姚建,等.采空区稳定性的非线性分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(6)：908-912.
[216]缪协兴,陈荣华,浦海,等.采场覆岩厚关键层破断与冒落规律分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(8)：1289-1296.
[217]陈育民,徐鼎平.Flac/Flac3D基础与工程实例[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[218]刘波.Flac原理、实例与应用指南[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005.
[219]刘亚群.爆破荷载作用下岩质边坡动态响应的数值模拟研究：[硕士学位论文].中国科学院研究生院(武汉岩土力学研究所).2003.
[220]刘春玲,祁生文.利用Flac3D分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程 学报,2004,23(16)：2730-2733.
[221]杨承祥.深井金属矿床高效开采及地压监控技术研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007.
[222]Hoek, Brown E T. Practical Estimates of Rock Mass Strength[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics of Mining Science,1997,34 (8):1165-1186.
[223]Yan Chang-bin. Blasting cumulative damage effects of underground engineering rock mass based on sonic wave measurement[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007,14 (2):230-235.
[224]王星文.岩体力学[M].长沙：中南大学出版社,2004.
[225]Germain P, Hadjigeorgiou J. Influence of stope geometry and blasting patterns on recorded overbreak [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34 (3):115-126.
[226]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[227]杨志强.深井爆破振动衰减规律与控制技术研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2008.
[228]朱万成,唐春安,黄志平,等.静态和动态载荷作用下岩石劈裂破坏模式的数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1)：1-7.
[229]朱万成,唐春安,杨天鸿,等.岩石破裂过程分析(RFPA2D)系统的细观单元本构关系及验证[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(1)：24-29.
[230]Zhu Wan-cheng, Tang Chun-an. Numerical simulation on shear fracture process of concrete using mesoscopic mechanical model[J]. Constructions and Building Materials,2002,16(8):453-463.
[231]朱万成.混凝土断裂过程的细观数值模型及其应用：[博士学位论文].沈阳：东北大学,2000.
[232]唐春安,朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂-数值试验[M].北京：科学出版社,2003.
[233]Tang CA. Numerical simulation on progressive failure leading to collapse and associated seismicity[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,1997,34 (2):249-261.
[234]大连力软科技有限公司.RFPA用户手册[M].大连：大连力软科技有限公司,2005.
[2]李冬青,王李管,等.深井硬岩大规模开采理论与技术-冬瓜山铜矿床开采研究与实践[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2009.
[3]关凤峻.中国二元结构矿业经济研究[M].北京：中国大地出版社,2001.
[4]古德生,李夕兵,等.现代金属矿床开采科学金属[M].北京：冶金出版社,2006.
[5]王亚军,李生才.2008年1-2月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(2)：170-173.
[6]王亚军,李生才.2008年3-4月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(3)：169-172.
[7]王亚军,李生才.2008年5-6月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(4)：173-176.
[8]王亚军,李生才.2008年7-8月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(5)：173-176.
[9]王亚军,李生才.2008年9-10月国内安全生产事故统计分析[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(6)：169-172.
[10]王亚军,李生才.2009年10-12月国内安全生产事故统计分析.[EB／OL].[2010.3.10].http://www.Aqyhjxb.com.cn/.
[11]王亚军,李生才.2009年1-12月国内安全生产事故统计分析.[EB／OL].[2010.3.10].http://www.Aqyhjxb.com.cn/.
[12]刘晓明.基于实测的采空区三维建模及其衍生技术的研究与应用：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007.
[13]王啟明,徐必根,唐绍辉,等.我国金属非金属矿山采空区现状与治理对策分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(4)：63-68.
[14]程久龙,胡克峰,王玉和,等.探地雷达探测地下采空区的研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(S)：79-82.
[15]闫长斌,徐国元,中国生.复杂地下空区综合探测技术研究及其应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(4)：481-483.
[16]童立元.高速公路与下伏采空区相互作用分析理论与处理技术研究：[博士 学位论文].南京：东南大学,2003.
[17]黄仁东.金属矿山隐患空区声波层析成像识别及其安全控制技术研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2005.
[18]刘敦文.地下岩体工程灾害隐患空区雷达探测与控制研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2001.
[19]刘晓明,罗周全,孙利娟,等.空区激光探测系统在我国的研究与应用[J].西安科技大学学报,2008,28(2)：611-614.
[20]罗周全,鹿浩,刘晓明,等.基于空区探测的采场超欠挖量计算及顶板安全分析[J].金属矿山,2007,(12)：36-38.
[21]罗周全,张保,刘晓明,等.基于CMS精密探测的采场贫化损失计算方法[J].金属矿山,2007,(10)：84-88.
[22]罗周全,杨彪,刘晓明,等.采用CMS辅助矿柱回采爆破设计研究[J].金属矿山,2007,(3)：15-17.
[23]王明华.工程岩体三维地质建模与可视化研究：[博士学位论文].武汉：中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,2004.
[24]Raper J F. Three-dimensional modeling with geoscientific information systems [M]. NATO ASI, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers,1992:215-232.
[25]Thomas R. Fisher. Use of 3D geographic information systems in hazardous wastesite investigations[M]. Oxford University Press. Environmental Modeling with GIS,1993.
[26]Erarslan, Kaan. Practical approach for 3D modeling of ore bodies and the design of development for underground of mines [J]. Mineral Resources Engineering, 2000,9 (3):12-16.
[27]Lemon A M, Jones N L. Building solid models from boreholes and user-defined cross-sections [J]. Computers & Geosciences,2003,29 (3):547-555.
[28]Simon W. Houlding. Practical geostatistics, modeling and spatial analysis [M]. New York and Heidelburg, Springer-Verlag,2000.
[29]李清泉.基于混合结构的三维GIS数据模型与空间分析研究：[博士学位论文].武汉：武汉测绘科技大学,1998.
[30]王纯样,白世伟.贺怀建.三维地层可视化中地质建模研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11)：1722-1725.
[31]吴立新,张瑞新,戚宜欣,等.三维地学模拟与虚拟矿山系统[J].测绘学报,2002,31(1)：28-33.
[32]龚健雅,夏宗国.矢量与栅格集成的三维数据模型[J].武汉测绘科技大学 学报,1997,(1)：7-15.
[33]潘炜,刘大安,钟辉亚,等.三维地质建模以及在边坡工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4)：597-602.
[34]方海东,刘义怀,施斌,等.三维地质建模及其工程应用[J].水文地质工程地质,2002,(3)：52-55.
[35]Wu Li-xin. Topological relations embodied in a generalized tri-prism (GTP) model for a 3D geosciences modeling system[J]. Computer & Geosciences, 2004,30 (4):405-418.
[36]Wu Qiang, Xu Hua. An approach to computer modeling and visualization of geological faults in 3D[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2003,29(4):507-513.
[37]柴贺军,黄地龙,黄润秋,等.岩体结构三维可视化模型研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(1)：55-59.
[38]曹代勇,王占刚.三维地质模型可视化中直接三维交互的实现[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(5)：384-387.
[39]罗周全,刘晓明,苏家红,等.基于Surpac的矿床三维模型构建[J].金属矿山,2006,(4)：33-36.
[40]Luo Zhou-quan, Liu Xiao-ming, Su Jia-hong, et al. Deposit 3D modeling and application [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007,14 (2):225-229.
[41]Liu Xiao-ming, Luo Zhou-quan, Luo Zhen-yan, et al. Geology automatic plotting based on secondary development of Surpac[C]. Proceedings of Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application,2009: 357-360.
[42]Gong Jian-ya, Cheng Peng-gen, Wang Dong-yang. Three dimensional modeling and application in geological exploration engineering[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2004,30 (4):391-404.
[43]Wu Qiang, Xu Hua. An approach to computer modeling and visualization of geological faults in 3D[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2003,29(4):507-513.
[44]Gilbertson R J. The application of the cavity measurement system at olympic dam operations[C]. Proc. Underground Operators Conference, Kalgoorlie, Western Australia,1995:245-252.
[45]Breuning M. An approach to the integration of spatial data and system for 3D geo-information system[J]. Computer & Geosciences,1999,25 (1):39-48.
[46]Fang Yuan-min, Deng Jin-can, Mi Hong-yan. Construction and visualization of 3D vacant place model[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology.2005,15 (S1):61-64.
[47]罗周全,朱青凌,刘晓明,等.钨矿床三维建模和储量可视化计算[J].科技导报,2009,27(19)：65-68.
[48]周智勇,陈建宏,周科平.Surpac Vision软件在矿床建模中的应用[J].矿业工程,2004,2(4)：56-58.
[49]蒋源,李峰,贾福聚,等.矿床三维模型在曼家寨锡锌多金属矿的应用[J].金属矿山,2009,(4)：95-97.
[50]姜华,秦德先,陈爱兵,等.国内外矿业软件的研究现状及发展趋势[J].矿产与地质,2005,19(4)：422-425.
[51]冯超东,曹亮.基于Surpac的露天矿三维采掘进度计划编制系统[J].金属矿山,2008,(12)：139-141.
[52]陈跃升,卓通照,袁海平,等.基于Surpac的马坑铁矿地质数据库研究[J].金属矿山,2009,(3)：144-145.
[53]Gemcom Software International Inc. Surpac vision software user manual [M]. Beijing:Surpac Software International,2004.
[54]Zhang Li-qiang, Tan Yu-min, Kang Zhi-zhong. A method logy for 3D modeling and visualization of geological objects[J]. Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,2009,52 (7) 1022-1029.
[55]Wang Yi-ming, Wu Ai-xiang, Chen Xue-song, et al. New mining technique with big panels and stopes in deep mine[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18 (1):183-189.
[56]邹艳红,周胜,陈进,等.基于三维可视化环境的地质体空间形态分析[J].地理信息世界,2008,(5)：33-38.
[57]贾建红,周传波,张亚海,等.基于Datamine的三维采矿工程可视化建模技术研究[J].金属矿山,2009,(3)：111-115.
[58]陈爱兵,秦德先,张学书,等.基于Micromine矿床三维立体模型的应用[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(5)：77-80.
[59]Xu Zeng-he, Xu Xiao-he. A cusp catastrophe, precursors pattern and evolution process of rockbust of coal pillar under a hard rock subject to elastic support [J]. Journal of Coal Science & Engineering.1996, (6):24-31.
[60]王李管,曾庆田,贾明涛,等.复杂地质构造矿床三维可视化实体建模技术[J].金属矿山,2006,(12)：46-51.
[61]姜华,秦德先,陈爱兵,等.国内外矿业软件的研究现状及发展趋势[J].矿 产与地质,2005,19(4)：442-445.
[62]王李管,马紫娟,荆永滨,等.基于块段模型的复杂地质体三维数值模拟技术[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(5)：1-4.
[63]梁涛,卢仁,WarrenWoodhous,等.应用Micromine软件实现矿山井巷工程的可视化管理[J].金属矿山,2009,(3)：107-112.
[64]秦德先,燕永峰,等.矿床数学经济模型[M].昆明：云南科技出版社,2001：4252.
[65]秦德先,刘春学.矿产资源经济学[M].北京：科学出版社出版,2002.
[66]陈爱兵,秦德先.个旧锡矿5号矿体数学-经济模型[J].矿物学报,2004,24(2)：39-44.
[67]贾明涛,潘长良.集成可视化矿床建模软件DMS在某矿山的应用[J].中南工业大学学报,2000,31(5)：396-399.
[68]黄竞先,李春霞.矿业地质统计学在我国的应用现状及对影响克立格估计的若干因素的研究[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1997,6(4)：38-43.
[69]侯景儒.中国地质统计学(空间信息统计学)发展的回顾及前景[J].地质与勘探,1996,32(1)：20-25.
[70]刘云,盖俊鹏,刘颖.利用3DMine软件建立矿山地质三维模型[J].矿业工程,2009,7(5)：58-60.
[71]蒋京名,王李管.Dimine矿业软件推动我国数字化矿山发展[J].中国矿业,2009,(10)：90-92.
[72]房智恒,王李管.基亏Dimine软件的采矿方法真三维设计研究与实现[J].金属矿山,2009,(5)：129-131,137.
[73]孙木楠.利用Kriging方法进行结构模型修改[J].应用力学学报,2005,22(2)：217-221.
[74]赵红亮,冯夏庭,张东晓,等.岩土力学参数空间变异性的集合卡尔曼滤波估值[J].岩土力学,2007,28(10)：2219-2223,2228.
[75]李晓军,王长虹,朱合华.Kriging插值方法在地层模型生成中的应用[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1)：157-163.
[76]张伟,林承焰,董春梅.多点地质统计学在秘鲁D油田地质建模中的应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,23(4)：24-29.
[77]马洪滨,熊俊楠.基于地质统计学的储量估算系统[J].煤炭学报,2007,23(3)：267-272.
[78]何亚群,左蔚然,张书敏,等.基于地质统计学的煤田煤质插值方法比较[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(5)：514-518.
[79]周子龙,李夕兵,赵国彦.民窿空区群级联失稳评价[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(5)：91-95.
[80]赵奎.岩金矿山采空区及残留矿柱回采稳定性研究：[硕士学位论文].北京：北京科技大学,2002.
[81]Szwedzicki T. Geotechnical precursors to large-scale ground collapse in mines [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38: 957-965.
[82]吴兆营,薄景山,杜国林,等.采空区对地表稳定性的影响[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(2)：140-144.
[83]彭欣.复杂采空区稳定性及近区开采安全性研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2008.
[84]孙宗弟.高等级公路下伏宝洞勘探、危害程度评价及处治研究报告集[R].北京：科学出版社,2000.
[85]地矿部物化探研究所情报室.日本工程物探技术译文集[M].北京：地矿部物化探研究所,1984.
[86]刘敦文,古德生,徐国元,等.采空区充填物探地雷达识别技术研究及应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2005,27(1)：13-16.
[87]刘菁华,王祝文,朱士,等.煤矿采空区及塌陷区的地球物理探查[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(6)：715-719.
[88]韩许恒.氛射气探测在采空区勘察中的应用[J].工程勘察,1996,(5)：63-65.
[89]王超凡.地震CT及其在采空区探测中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1998,(1)：367-375.
[90]常锁亮.多道瞬态瑞雷波法在探测煤矿采空区中的应用[J].中国煤田地质.2002,14(3)：70-72.
[91]曾若云.直流电法在探测老窑采空区的应用[J].煤田地质,2001,(4)：53-54.
[92]王恩元,贾慧霖,李忠辉,等.用电磁辐射法监测预报矿山采空区顶板稳定性[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1)：16-19.
[93]毛方儒,王磊.三维激光扫描测量技术[J].宇航计测技术,2005,25(2)：1-6.
[94]Fardin N, Feng Q, Stephansson O. Application of a new insitu 3D laser scanner to study the scale effect on the rock joint surface roughness[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41 (2):329-335.
[95]刘 盈.浅谈地面三维激光扫描技术在市政工程测量中的应用[J].北京测绘,2008,(1)：67-68.
[96]Huber D, Vandapel N. Automatic 3D underground mine mapping [J]. International Journal of Robotics Research,2005,25 (1):7-17.
[97]Daniel F H, Nicolas V. Automatic three-dimensional underground mine mapping[J]. The International Journal of Robotics Research,2006,25 (1): 7-18.
[98]Naesset E. Determination of mean tree height of forest stands using airborne laser scanner data[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1997, (52):49-56.
[99]蔡润彬.地面激光扫描数据后处理若干关键技术研究：[硕士学位论文].上海：同济大学,2008.
[100]Axelsson P. Processing of laser scanner data methods and algorithms [J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,1998,53:1-6.
[101]Huising E J, Gomes Pereira L M. Errors and accuracy estimates of laser data acquired by various laser scanning systems for topographic applications [J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,1998,53:245-261.
[102]董秀军,黄润秋.三维激光扫描测量在汶川地震后都汶公路快速抢通中的应用[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6)：774-780.
[103]孙树芳,方源敏.三维激光扫描技术的数据处理及误差分析[J].科技创新导报,2008,(30)：1-2.
[104]丁清光.空间三维数据的实时获取与可视化建模：[硕士学位论文].郑州：解放军信息工程大学,2006.
[105]Liu Xi-ling, Li Xi-bing, Li Fa-ben, et al.3D cavity detection technique and its application based on cavity auto scanning laser system[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2008,15 (4):285-288.
[106]曾凌方,李夕兵,刘希灵,等.栾川三道庄钼矿地下采空区三维模型的建立与可视化研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(3)：31-33.
[107]C-ALS空区探测系统软件用户使用手册(第二版)[M].The Cavity Scanning Laser System Software International国际软件公司发行,2007.
[108]刘科伟,李夕兵,宫凤强,等.基于C-ALS及Surpac-Flac3D耦合技术的复杂空区稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9)：1924-1931.
[109]Optech System Corporation. Cavity Monitoring System wireless user manual [M]. Toronto:Optech System Corporaten,2004.
[110]Jarosz A, Shepherd L. Application of cavity monitoring system for control of dilution and ore loss in open stopes[C].11 th International Congress of ISM, Cracow, Poland,2000:155-164.
[111]John D Lup ton. Cavity Monitoring System and Stope Analysis [C]. Santiago, Chile,2004:56-62.
[112]Jarosz A, Shepherd L. Open Stope Cavity Monitoring for the Control of Dilution and Ore Loss[J]. Mining Engineering,1998, (8):63-67.
[113]夏永华,方源敏,孙宏生,等.三维激光探测技术在采空区测量中的应用与实践[J].金属矿山,2009,(2)：113-115.
[114]Luo Zhou-quan, Liu Xiao-ming, Zhang Bao, et al. Cavity 3D modeling and correlative techniques based on cavity monitoring[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2008,15 (5):639-644.
[115]Liu Xiao-ming, Luo Zhou-quan, Yuan Wen-ni, et al. CMS applications in metal mines of China[C]. Proceedings of Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application,2009:353-356.
[116]Liu Xiao-ming, Luo Zhou-quan, Chen Qing-fa, et al.3D dynamic monitoring of collapse area based on CMS-Surpac[C]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology,2009:637-641.
[117]过江,古德生,罗周全.金属矿山采空区3D激光探测新技术[J].矿冶工程.2006,26(5)：16-19.
[118]罗周全,刘晓明,张木毅,等.一种新颖的大规模采场回采指标可视化计算方法[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(6)：1722-1736.
[119]吴亚斌.基于CMS实测的采空区群稳定性数值模拟研究[D]：硕士学位论文.长沙：中南大学,2007.
[120]Lu Ai-zhong, Zhang Lu-qing. Alternating method study on analysis of surrounding rock for two random geometry tunnels[J]. Journal of Coal Science & Engineering,1997,3 (2):24-29.
[121]Liu Yu-zhou, LI Xiao-hong. Safety analysis of stability of surface gas drainage boreholes above goaf areas[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2007,13 (2): 149-153.
[122]Luo Yi-zhong, Wu Ai-xiang, Liu Xiang-ping, et al. Stability and reliability of pit slopes in surface mining combined with underground mining in Tonglushan mine[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2004,11 (4): 434-439.
[123]Chen Jian-hong, Gu De-sheng. The optimization principle of combined surface and underground mining and its applications [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2003,10 (3):56-60.
[124]Roland Pusch. Practical visualization of rock structure[J]. Engineering Geology, 1998, (49):231-236.
[125]李讯.复杂条件下建模技术与岩体开挖稳定性研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[126]何满潮,李学元,刘斌,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16)：2803-2813.
[127]来兴平.基于非线性动力学的采空区稳定性集成监测分析与预报系统研究及应用：[博士学位论文].北京：北京科技大学,2002.
[128]胡建华,苏家红,周科平,等.顶板诱导崩落模式选择时变数值分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(4)：931-936.
[129]雷光宇,卢爱红,茅献彪.应力波作用下巷道层裂破坏的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(9)：1477-1480.
[130]Schaubs P M, Ord A, German G H. Scenario testing of fluid-flow and deformation during mineralization:from simple to complex geometries Flac and numerical modeling in aeromechanics [M]. Rotterdam:A. A. Balkema,2003.
[131]Houlding S W.3D Geoscience Modeling:Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization [M]. Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1994.
[132]Zhou G Y, et al. Geographic information systems-based three-dimensional critical slope stability analysis and landslide hazard assessment[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,21 (11):1071-1180
[133]Wu Li-xin, Hou En-ke, Tang Chun-an, et al. Geological data organization for FEM based on 3D geoscience modeling [J]. The International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2001,34 (2):323-325.
[134]侯恩科,吴立新,李建民,等.三维地学模拟与数值模拟的耦合方法研究[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(4)：388-392.
[135]王纯祥,白世伟.三维地层信息系统与有限元方法集成研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21)：3695-3699.
[136]王明华,白云.层状岩体三维可视化构模与数值模拟的集成研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(7)：1123-1126.
[137]罗周全,吴亚斌,刘晓明,等.基于Surpac的复杂地质体Flac3D模型生成技术[J].岩土力学,2008,29(5)：1334-1338.
[138]罗周全,刘晓明,吴亚斌,等.基于Surpac和Phase2耦合的采空区稳定性模拟分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2008,27(4)：485-488.
[139]林杭,曹平,李江腾,等.基于Surpac的Flac3D三维模型自动构建[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(3)：339-342.
[140]廖秋林,曾钱帮.基于Ansys平台复杂地质体Flac3D模型的自动生成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6)：1010-1013.
[141]王涛,陈晓玲,杨建.基于3DGIS和3DEC的地下洞室围岩稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(19)：3476-3481.
[142]谢和平,陈忠辉,周宏伟,等.基于工程体和地质体相互作用的两体力学模型初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9)：1457-1464.
[143]刘爱华,赵国彦,曾凌方,等.矿山三维模型在滑坡体稳定性分析中的应用[J],岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(6)：1236-1243.
[144]李新星,朱合华,蔡永昌,等.基于三维地质模型的岩土工程有限元自动建模方法[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6)：854-862.
[145]毕林,王李管,荆永滨.多介质复杂结构条件下岩体工程开挖力学响应三维数值模拟技术[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(3)：40-45.
[146]Phase2 User Manual (Version 6.0) [M]. Canada:Rocscience Corporation, 2006.
[147]张宏博,黄茂松,王显春,等.浅埋隧道穿越建筑物桩基的三维有限元分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(12)：1587-1592.
[148]邬爱清,杨启贵,周火明,等.清江水布垭枢纽地下厂房岩石力学研究[J].长江科学院院报,2006,23(4)：1-7.
[149]钱德玲,张文彦,曹光暄,等.基于GTS对单桩静载试验的有限元模拟分析[J].合肥工业大学学报：自然科学版,2009,32(2)：234-237.
[150]王树仁,张海清，慎乃齐,等.下伏采空区桥隧工程变形及受力响应特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6)：1144-1152.
[151]史彦文,韩常领,董溥.秦岭终南山特长隧道竖井衬砌的数值计算[J].公路,2007,(12)：214-218.
[152]乾增珍,鲁先龙,陈湘生,等.复杂应力状态下人工冻土蠕变数值模拟[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报：自然科学版,2005,24(1)：67-69.
[153]马 亢,徐进,张志龙,等.基于二次应力实测值的初始应力场反分析法及其工程应用[J].四川大学学报：工程科学版,2008,(6)：51-57.
[154]吴应祥,刘东升,宋强辉.基于Ansys概率设计系统的边坡稳定概率分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(6)：1047-1052.
[155]Yin Guo-qing, Jin Wei, Yang Xian-li. FEM simulation of formation of metamorphic core complex with Ansys software[J]. Global Geology,2007, 10 (1):58-64.
[156]Xu Li-qian, Wu Zi-yan, Hu Zhang-bin, et al. Dynamic response of cave lining layer under explosive loading[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2009,29 (1):132-137.
[157]Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 dimensions, version 3.0, User Manuals. Itasca Consulting Group, Inc,2005.
[158]Sayers C. M, Kaehanov M. Mierocrack-induced elastic wave an isotropy of brittle rocks[J]. Journal of GeoPhysical Research,1995,100 (B3):4149-4156
[159]闫长斌.爆破作用下岩体累积损伤效应及其稳定性研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[160]万文.地下空区对边坡稳定性的影响研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[161]刘晓明,罗周全,杨承祥,等.基于实测的采空区稳定性数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学.2007,28(S)：521-526.
[162]王育忠,高谦,王正辉.采场坍塌空区地球物理探测及矿山恢复生产设计与安全评价[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3)：903-908.
[163]刘国华,王振宇.爆破荷载作用下隧道的动态响应和抗爆分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2004,38(2)：15-18.
[164]刘亚群,李海波.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11)：42-45.
[165]张欣,李术才.爆破荷载作用下青岛胶州湾海底隧道覆盖岩层稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(11)：2348-2355.
[166]陈占军,朱传云,周小恒.爆破荷载作用下岩石边坡动态响应的Flac3D模拟研究[J].爆破,2005,22(4)：8-15.
[167]李海波,马行东,李俊.地震荷载作用下地下岩体洞室位移特征的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(3)：358-362.
[168]胡斌.深切峡谷区大型地下洞室群围岩稳定性的动态数值仿真研究：[博士学位论文].成都：成都理工大学,2001.
[169]夏祥.爆炸荷载作用下岩体损伤特征及安全阈值研究：[博士学位论文].武汉：中国科学院研究生院,2006.
[170]张友葩,高永涛,王杰.动载荷下边坡的失稳分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(2)：110-114.
[171]国胜兵,王明洋,赵跃堂,等.爆炸地震波作用下地下结构动力响应数值分析[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(4)：137-142.
[172]李菁.基于激光传感器点云数据的开挖地貌三维重建与显示：[硕士学位论文].上海：上海交通大学,2008.
[173]马立广.地面三维激光扫描测量技术研究：[硕士学位论文].武汉：武汉大学,2008.
[174]夏永华,方源敏,孙宏生,等.三维激光探测技术在采空区测量中的应用与实践[J].金属矿山,2009,(2)：113-115.
[175]贾广帅.机载激光雷达数据特点和滤波方法研究：[博士学位论文].青岛：山东科技大学,2007.
[176]郝海森,吴立新.基于强约束Delaunay-Tin的三维地学模拟与可视化[J].地理与地理信息科学,2003,19(2)：15-18.
[177]王盛玺,宋松和,邹正平.基于约束Delaunay三角化的二维非结构网格生成方法[J].计算物理,2009,26(3)：335-348.
[178]黄争舸,陈建军,郑耀.基于不规则三角网的分块地形网格生成算法[J].浙江大学学报：工学版,2009,(10)：1939-1944.
[179]Liu Zheng-xian, Wang Xue-jun, Dai Ji-shuang, et al. Application of factor difference scheme to solving discrete flow equations based on unstructured grid[J]. Transactions Of Tianjin University,2009, (5):324-329.
[180]武晓波,王世新,肖春生.Delaunay三角网的生成算法研究[J].测绘学报,1999,28(1)：28-35.
[181]李讯.复杂条件下建模技术与岩体开挖稳定性研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2006.
[182]宋子岭,耿晓伟,王德江.三维立体建模技术在矿业中应用研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2002,21(4)：456-459.
[183]陈建宏,周智勇,古德生.基于钻孔数据的勘探线剖面图自动生成[J].中南大学学报,2005,36(3)：486-490.
[184]周智勇,陈建宏,杨立兵.大型矿山地矿工程三维可视化模型的构建[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(3)：423-428.
[185]朱良峰,吴信才,刘修国,等.基于钻孔数据的三维地层模型的构建[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(3)：26-30.
[186]王恩德,李艳,鲍玉斌.矿体三维可视化建模技术[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(9)：890-892.
[187]罗周全,刘晓明,张木毅,等.大规模采场三维探测及回采指标可视化计算[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(6)：1722-1736.
[188]罗周全,刘晓明,吴亚斌,等.地质统计学在多金属矿床储量计算中的应 用研究[J].地质与勘探,2007,43(3)：83-87.
[189]贾明涛.矿床建模与储量计算技术研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南工业大学,1999.
[190]夏永华,方源敏,孙宏生,等.3D激光探测系统在采空区测量中的精度评价[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2009,61(4)：55-58.
[191]刘晓明,罗周全,张保,等.CMS空区探测的环境影响及误差分析与纠正[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(4)：1-5.
[192]叶修松,张传定,王爱兵,等.机载激光水深测量误差分析[J].测绘科学技术学报,2008,25(6)：400-405.
[193]李清泉,李必军,陈静.激光雷达测量技术及其应用研究[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000,25(5)：387-391.
[194]高峰.顶板诱导崩落机理及次生灾变链式效应控制研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2009.
[195]苏家红.大范围隐患区资源开采安全控制技术研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2008.
[196]郭忠平.放顶煤开采顶煤贫化率优化研究[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(2)：137-140.
[197]John G H, Hani S M. Numerical modelling of ore dilution in blasthole stoping [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2007,44 (5):692-703.
[198]毕林,王李管,陈建宏,等.基于八叉树的复杂地质体块段模型建模技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(4)：532-537.
[199]Xu Guo-yuan, Yan Chang-bin. Numerical simulation for influence of excavation and blasting vibration on stability of mined-out area[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2006,13 (5):577-583.
[200]黄耀祥,王永岩,毕向阳.巷道围岩变形的有限元分析及灰色模型预报[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(5)：632-634.
[201]闫长斌,徐国元.竖向排列地下硐室群动力稳定性的数值模拟分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版).2006,37(3)：593-599.
[202]肖专文,龚晓南.岩体开挖与充填有限元计算结果的可视化研究[J].工程力学,2000,17(1)：41-46.
[203]朱维申,李晓静,郭彦双,等.地下大型洞室群稳定性的系统性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(10)：1689-1693.
[204]杨典森,陈卫忠,杨为民,等.龙滩地下洞室群围岩稳定性分析[J].岩土 力学,2004,25(3)：391-395.
[205]那新.东坪金矿地质灾害防治与采空区处理研究：[硕士学位论文].沈阳：东北大学,2005.
[206]孙国庆,施木俊,雷永红,等.三维工程地质模型与可视化研究[J].工程勘察.2001,(5)：8-10.
[207]朱合华,郑国平,吴江斌,等.基于钻孔信息的地层数据模型研究[J].同济大学学报,2003；31(5)：535-539.
[208]程朋根,陈红华,刘少华.地矿三维数据模型及其可视化方法的研究[J].中国矿业,2002,11(2)：60-63.
[209]He Zhong-ming, Cao Ping. Deformation and stability analysis of underground stope after excavation considering strain softening[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2008,39 (4):641-647.
[210]刘希灵,李夕兵,刘科伟,等.地下空区激光三维探测及稳定性分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(4)：549-553.
[211]Zhu Wei-shen, Liu Jian-hua, Li Shu-cai, et al. Flac3D numerical analysis of rheological character and stability of underground caverns surrounding rock mass of Xiao Langdi Key Water Control Project[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2006, (3):1473-1481.
[212]陈卫忠,朱维申,王宝林,等.节理岩体中采空区围岩大变形数值模拟及模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(3)：223-229.
[213]王树仁,魏翔,宋立志.采空区三维可视化模型构建及其冒落状况分析[J].勘察科学技术,2008,(3)：12-16.
[214]周小平,孙运轮,张永兴,等.大厂铜坑矿细脉带采场围岩稳定性的数值分析[J].地下空间,2000,20(4)：290-294.
[215]张绍国,王新民,姚建,等.采空区稳定性的非线性分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(6)：908-912.
[216]缪协兴,陈荣华,浦海,等.采场覆岩厚关键层破断与冒落规律分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(8)：1289-1296.
[217]陈育民,徐鼎平.Flac/Flac3D基础与工程实例[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[218]刘波.Flac原理、实例与应用指南[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005.
[219]刘亚群.爆破荷载作用下岩质边坡动态响应的数值模拟研究：[硕士学位论文].中国科学院研究生院(武汉岩土力学研究所).2003.
[220]刘春玲,祁生文.利用Flac3D分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程 学报,2004,23(16)：2730-2733.
[221]杨承祥.深井金属矿床高效开采及地压监控技术研究：[博士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2007.
[222]Hoek, Brown E T. Practical Estimates of Rock Mass Strength[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics of Mining Science,1997,34 (8):1165-1186.
[223]Yan Chang-bin. Blasting cumulative damage effects of underground engineering rock mass based on sonic wave measurement[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007,14 (2):230-235.
[224]王星文.岩体力学[M].长沙：中南大学出版社,2004.
[225]Germain P, Hadjigeorgiou J. Influence of stope geometry and blasting patterns on recorded overbreak [J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34 (3):115-126.
[226]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[227]杨志强.深井爆破振动衰减规律与控制技术研究：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2008.
[228]朱万成,唐春安,黄志平,等.静态和动态载荷作用下岩石劈裂破坏模式的数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1)：1-7.
[229]朱万成,唐春安,杨天鸿,等.岩石破裂过程分析(RFPA2D)系统的细观单元本构关系及验证[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(1)：24-29.
[230]Zhu Wan-cheng, Tang Chun-an. Numerical simulation on shear fracture process of concrete using mesoscopic mechanical model[J]. Constructions and Building Materials,2002,16(8):453-463.
[231]朱万成.混凝土断裂过程的细观数值模型及其应用：[博士学位论文].沈阳：东北大学,2000.
[232]唐春安,朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂-数值试验[M].北京：科学出版社,2003.
[233]Tang CA. Numerical simulation on progressive failure leading to collapse and associated seismicity[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,1997,34 (2):249-261.
[234]大连力软科技有限公司.RFPA用户手册[M].大连：大连力软科技有限公司,2005.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |