填筑和开挖边坡的稳定性分析
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摘要
在有限元应力应变分析的基础上,采用以剪应力定义的安全系数和模式搜索的方法确定边坡的安全系数及最危险滑动面。在平面应变条件下,对土层均质的填筑和开挖边坡的稳定性进行了较为全面的研究,并同天然边坡的安全系数和破坏面进行比较,计算结果表明,这3类边坡滑动面的形状基本一致,天然边坡安全系数要高于填筑和开挖边坡;同时比较了采用有限元稳定评价方法和采用极限平衡方法计算结果的差别;最后分析研究了计算参数变化对填筑和开挖边坡稳定性的影响。
Based on the finite element stress-strain analysis,the factor of safety of the slip surface is defined as the ratio of the critical shear intensity during failure to real shear stress,the authors utilize pattern search method to ascertain the critical slip surface of slope.Under the plane strain and homogeneous soil condition,this method is used to analyze the stability of embankment and excavation slope;and the result is compared with natural slope.It is shown that the shape of critical slip surfaces of the three kinds of slopes are similar;the factor of safety of natural slope is higher than the others.At the same time,the result of finite element method is compared with that of limit equilibrium method.Finally,the effect of soil parameters on the stability of embankment and excavation slope is analyzed.
Based on the finite element stress-strain analysis,the factor of safety of the slip surface is defined as the ratio of the critical shear intensity during failure to real shear stress,the authors utilize pattern search method to ascertain the critical slip surface of slope.Under the plane strain and homogeneous soil condition,this method is used to analyze the stability of embankment and excavation slope;and the result is compared with natural slope.It is shown that the shape of critical slip surfaces of the three kinds of slopes are similar;the factor of safety of natural slope is higher than the others.At the same time,the result of finite element method is compared with that of limit equilibrium method.Finally,the effect of soil parameters on the stability of embankment and excavation slope is analyzed.
引文
[1]史恒通,王成华.土坡有限元稳定分析若干问题探讨[J].岩土力学,2000,21(2):152-155.SHI Heng-tong,WANG Cheng-hua.Some problems in finite element analysis of slope stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2000,21(2):152-155.
[2]张鲁渝,时卫民,郑颖人.平面应变条件下土坡稳定有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(4):487-490.ZHANG Lu-yu,SHI Wei-min,ZHENG Ying-ren.The slope stability analysis by FEM under the plane strain condition[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(4):487-490.
[3]邵龙潭,唐洪祥,韩国城.有限元边坡稳定分析方法及其应用[J].计算力学学报,2001,18(1):81-87.SHAO Long-tan,TANG Hong-xiang,HAN Guo-cheng.Finite element method for slope stability anslysis with its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2001,18(1):81-87.
[4]邵龙潭,唐洪祥,孔宪京,等.随机地震作用下土石坝边坡的稳定性分析[J].水利学报,1999,11:66-71.SHAO Long-tan,TANG Hong-xiang,KONG Xian-jing,et al.Finite element analysis for slope stability of earth-rock dam under the action of stochastic seism[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1999,11:66-71.
[5]王成华,夏绪勇,李广信.基于应力场的土坡临界滑动面的蚂蚁算法搜索技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5):823-819.WANG Cheng-hua,XIA Xuyong,LI Guang-xin.Ant algorithm in search of the critical slip surface in soil slopes based on stress fields[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(5):823-819.
[6]Fredlund D G,Scoular R E G.Using Limit Equilibrium Concepts in Finite Element Slope Stability Analysis[M].Slope Stability Engineering,Yagi,Yamagami&Jiang.Rotterdam:Balkema,1999.
[7]Zou J Z,Williams D J,Xiong W L.Search for critical slip surface based on finite element method[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1995,32(1):233-246.
[8]Farias M M,Naylor D J.Safety analysis using finite element[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1998,22(2):165-181.
[9]Kim J Y,Lee S R.An improved search strategy for the critical slip surface using finite element stress fields[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1997,22(4):295-313.
[10]Ugai K.A method of calculation of total factor of safety of slope by elasto-plastic FEM[J].Soils and Foundations,1989,29(2):190-195.
[11]Matsui T,San K C.Finite element slope stability analysis by shear strength reduction technique[J].Soils and Foundations,1992,32(1):59-70.
[12]Giffiths D V,Lane P A.Slope stability analysis by finite element[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(3):387-403.
[13]Dawson E M,Roth W H.Drescher A.Slope stability analysis by strength reduction[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(6):835-840.
[14]连镇营,韩国城,孔宪京.强度折减有限元法研究开挖边坡的稳定性[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):407-411.LIAN Zhen-ying,HAN Guo-cheng,KONG Xian-jing.Stability analysis of excavation by strength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):407-411.
[15]赵尚毅,郑颖人,时卫民,等.用有限元强度折减法求边坡稳定安全系数[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):343-346.ZHAO Shang-yi,ZHENG Ying-ren,SHI Wei-min,et al.Analysis on safety factor of slope by strength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(3):343-346.
[16]栾茂田,武亚军,年廷凯.强度折减有限元法中边坡失稳的塑性区判据及其应用[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(3):1-8.LUAN Mao-tian,WU Ya-jun,NIAN Ting-kai.An alternative criterion for evaluating slope stability based on development of plastic zone by shear strength reduction FEM[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2003,23(3):1-8.
[17]武亚军.基坑工程中土与支护结构相互作用及边坡稳定性的数值分析[博士学位论文D].大连:大连理工大学,2003.
[2]张鲁渝,时卫民,郑颖人.平面应变条件下土坡稳定有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(4):487-490.ZHANG Lu-yu,SHI Wei-min,ZHENG Ying-ren.The slope stability analysis by FEM under the plane strain condition[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(4):487-490.
[3]邵龙潭,唐洪祥,韩国城.有限元边坡稳定分析方法及其应用[J].计算力学学报,2001,18(1):81-87.SHAO Long-tan,TANG Hong-xiang,HAN Guo-cheng.Finite element method for slope stability anslysis with its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2001,18(1):81-87.
[4]邵龙潭,唐洪祥,孔宪京,等.随机地震作用下土石坝边坡的稳定性分析[J].水利学报,1999,11:66-71.SHAO Long-tan,TANG Hong-xiang,KONG Xian-jing,et al.Finite element analysis for slope stability of earth-rock dam under the action of stochastic seism[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1999,11:66-71.
[5]王成华,夏绪勇,李广信.基于应力场的土坡临界滑动面的蚂蚁算法搜索技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(5):823-819.WANG Cheng-hua,XIA Xuyong,LI Guang-xin.Ant algorithm in search of the critical slip surface in soil slopes based on stress fields[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(5):823-819.
[6]Fredlund D G,Scoular R E G.Using Limit Equilibrium Concepts in Finite Element Slope Stability Analysis[M].Slope Stability Engineering,Yagi,Yamagami&Jiang.Rotterdam:Balkema,1999.
[7]Zou J Z,Williams D J,Xiong W L.Search for critical slip surface based on finite element method[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1995,32(1):233-246.
[8]Farias M M,Naylor D J.Safety analysis using finite element[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1998,22(2):165-181.
[9]Kim J Y,Lee S R.An improved search strategy for the critical slip surface using finite element stress fields[J].Computers and Geotechnics,1997,22(4):295-313.
[10]Ugai K.A method of calculation of total factor of safety of slope by elasto-plastic FEM[J].Soils and Foundations,1989,29(2):190-195.
[11]Matsui T,San K C.Finite element slope stability analysis by shear strength reduction technique[J].Soils and Foundations,1992,32(1):59-70.
[12]Giffiths D V,Lane P A.Slope stability analysis by finite element[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(3):387-403.
[13]Dawson E M,Roth W H.Drescher A.Slope stability analysis by strength reduction[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(6):835-840.
[14]连镇营,韩国城,孔宪京.强度折减有限元法研究开挖边坡的稳定性[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):407-411.LIAN Zhen-ying,HAN Guo-cheng,KONG Xian-jing.Stability analysis of excavation by strength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):407-411.
[15]赵尚毅,郑颖人,时卫民,等.用有限元强度折减法求边坡稳定安全系数[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):343-346.ZHAO Shang-yi,ZHENG Ying-ren,SHI Wei-min,et al.Analysis on safety factor of slope by strength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(3):343-346.
[16]栾茂田,武亚军,年廷凯.强度折减有限元法中边坡失稳的塑性区判据及其应用[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(3):1-8.LUAN Mao-tian,WU Ya-jun,NIAN Ting-kai.An alternative criterion for evaluating slope stability based on development of plastic zone by shear strength reduction FEM[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2003,23(3):1-8.
[17]武亚军.基坑工程中土与支护结构相互作用及边坡稳定性的数值分析[博士学位论文D].大连:大连理工大学,2003.
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