检波器组合对高分辨率地震勘探的影响
|
摘要
基于检波器组合各点为平面简谐波同相叠加的假设,地震勘探野外施工多将检波器组合作为压制噪音提高原始资料信噪比的一种主要手段,但实际野外地震地质因素难以满足假设条件,导致由多个检波器组合叠加的地震信号存在一定程度的畸变,进而影响到信号的振幅和频率。通过对组合基距及组内距的计算,论证了检波器组合对信号频率及振幅的影响程度。实际资料分析证明,检波器组合在噪音压制的同时也会损伤到有效信号,尤其高频信息成份;过大的检波器组合基距,不仅会降低原始资料信噪比,甚至还会降低原始资料频率。据此提出在高信噪比地区,采集地震数据宜采用较小检波器组合基距,以提高原始资料的分辨率。
Based on the hypothesis of each point of geophone array is in-phase superimposing of plane simple harmonic waves,in seismic prospecting field operation usually makes geophone array as the main means to suppress noises and improve S/N ratio of source data.But because of field seismic-geologic factors are hard to meet assumed conditions,thus caused certain distortions of seismic signals superimposed by multiple geophones' array,and then impact amplitude and frequency of signals.Through grouping interval and element interval calculations,have demonstrated the impact extent of geophone array to signal frequency and amplitude.Actual data analysis demonstrated that the geophone array during the suppression of noises,at the same time also can damage useful signals,especially high frequency information components.Excessive grouping intervals can not only reduce S/N ratio of source data,so far as to frequency of source data.For reasons given above,in high S/N ratio areas,ought to use smaller grouping interval to acquire seismic data to improve source data resolution.
Based on the hypothesis of each point of geophone array is in-phase superimposing of plane simple harmonic waves,in seismic prospecting field operation usually makes geophone array as the main means to suppress noises and improve S/N ratio of source data.But because of field seismic-geologic factors are hard to meet assumed conditions,thus caused certain distortions of seismic signals superimposed by multiple geophones' array,and then impact amplitude and frequency of signals.Through grouping interval and element interval calculations,have demonstrated the impact extent of geophone array to signal frequency and amplitude.Actual data analysis demonstrated that the geophone array during the suppression of noises,at the same time also can damage useful signals,especially high frequency information components.Excessive grouping intervals can not only reduce S/N ratio of source data,so far as to frequency of source data.For reasons given above,in high S/N ratio areas,ought to use smaller grouping interval to acquire seismic data to improve source data resolution.
引文
[1]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993.
[2]匡文忠.地震勘探原理[M].北京:电子科技大学出版社,1993.
[3]R·E·谢里夫,L·P·吉尔达特.勘探地震学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[2]匡文忠.地震勘探原理[M].北京:电子科技大学出版社,1993.
[3]R·E·谢里夫,L·P·吉尔达特.勘探地震学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心