大渡河猴子岩水电站库尾段藏碉群斜坡巨型堆积体的成因分析
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摘要
丹巴梭坡堆积体是一巨型第四纪堆积体,分布在大渡河的左右两岸,其上有114座珍贵藏碉。对堆积体的成因有冰川成因、冰水成因和泥石流成因等各种观点。在对堆积体现场进行详细勘察的基础上,对藏碉群斜坡巨型堆积体的成因进行了深入分析,得出左岸堆积体的成因主要以崩滑作用为主;右岸堆积体是冰源泥石流和崩塌、滑坡等作用的混杂堆积。并在后来的钻孔揭示中得以验证。这对于川西地区深厚覆盖层成因的揭示以及藏碉群文物的保护均具有重要的意义。
The Danba Sopo deposits,a huge Quaternary accumulation of soils and rock blocks,are distributed in the banks of Dadu River near Houziyan hydropower dam.There are 144 Stone Towers made by ancient Tibetan scattered on this deposit.The formation of the huge deposits were considered as glaciation,glacio-fluvium or debris-flow.The paper presents a detailed field investigation of the deposits.The formation of the huge deposits is further examined. It is found that the deposits at left bank are formed mainly through collapsing and sliding of mountainous slopes and the deposits at the right bank are a accumulation of slope collapses mixed with glacio-fluvial and debris-flow deposits.The findings are validated!with drillhole exploration in the deposits.The findings may be valuable to the understanding of the formation of thick deposits at the western Sichuan region and to the protection measures of the Stone Towers.
The Danba Sopo deposits,a huge Quaternary accumulation of soils and rock blocks,are distributed in the banks of Dadu River near Houziyan hydropower dam.There are 144 Stone Towers made by ancient Tibetan scattered on this deposit.The formation of the huge deposits were considered as glaciation,glacio-fluvium or debris-flow.The paper presents a detailed field investigation of the deposits.The formation of the huge deposits is further examined. It is found that the deposits at left bank are formed mainly through collapsing and sliding of mountainous slopes and the deposits at the right bank are a accumulation of slope collapses mixed with glacio-fluvial and debris-flow deposits.The findings are validated!with drillhole exploration in the deposits.The findings may be valuable to the understanding of the formation of thick deposits at the western Sichuan region and to the protection measures of the Stone Towers.
引文
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[8]李守定,李晓等.三峡库区侏罗系易滑地层沉积特征及其对岩石物理力学性质的影响[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(4):385~389.L i Shoud ing,L i X iao,et al..Sed im entation characteristics of thejurassic slid ing-prone stratum in the Three Gorges reservoir areaand their influence on physical and m echan ical properties of rock.Journal of Engineeing Geogoly,2004,12(4):385~389.
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[2]四川省地质局.中华人民共和国区域地质调查报告,1/20万丹巴幅[R],1980.S ichuan GeologicalAdm in istration.1/200,000 Danba Part ofCh i-nese Regional Geological Survey Report,1980.
[3]中国地震局地质研究所.大渡河猴子岩水库坝址场地地震烈度确定研究[R],1994.Geological Institute of Ch inese Seism ic Adm in istration.Stud ies inS ite Earthquake Intensity ofDam F ield ofHouziyan Hydropower ofDadu R iver,1994.
[4]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所.大渡河猴子岩水电站库区藏碉群及库尾段斜坡稳定性专题评价报告(初步成果)[R],2005.Institute ofGeology and Geophysics,CAS.Analysis ofHuge Th ickD eposits w ith Tibetan Stone Towers at the Reservoir Trail Segm entof Houziyan Hydropower of Dadu R iver(prelim inary resu lt),2005.
[5]曲永新.川西高原第四纪冰川作用研究回顾与大渡河梭坡河段巨厚第四纪堆积体成因时代和性质研究报告[R].中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2005.QuYongxin,Research Report of Retrospection of Quaternary G la-cialActions and theM echan ism,Age and NaturalQuality ofDaduR iver Shuttle Slope Huge Th ick D eposits.Institute ofGeology andGeophysics,CAS,2005.
[6]李吉均,冯兆东.横断山脉的第四纪冰川遗迹[M].《山地冰川演化和第四纪冰期问题研究》兰州大学学报(丛刊),1984.L i Jijun,Feng Zhaodong.Quaternary G lacialRelic in theHengdu-an Mountains.Stud ies in Mountain G lacier Evolution and Quater-nary G lacial Events.Journal of Lanzhou Un iversity(monograph),1984.
[7]施雅风,郑本兴,李世杰.青藏高原末次冰期最盛时的冰川与环境[J].冰川冻土,1990,12(1):97~113.Sh i Yafeng,Zheng Benxing,Yao Tandong.G laciers and Environ-m ents during the Last G lacial Maximum(LGM)on the TibetanP latea.Journal of G lac1ology and Geocryology,1990,12(1):97~113.
[8]李守定,李晓等.三峡库区侏罗系易滑地层沉积特征及其对岩石物理力学性质的影响[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(4):385~389.L i Shoud ing,L i X iao,et al..Sed im entation characteristics of thejurassic slid ing-prone stratum in the Three Gorges reservoir areaand their influence on physical and m echan ical properties of rock.Journal of Engineeing Geogoly,2004,12(4):385~389.
[9]倪化勇,吕学军,杨德伟.川藏公路培龙沟路段堆积物的分形特征及其地质意义.工程地质学报,2005,13(4):451~454.N iHuayong,Lu Xuejun,Yang D ewei.Fractal feature and geolog-ical sign ificance of accumu lations at Peilong section along S ichuan-Tibet h ighway.Journal of Engineeing Geogoly,2005,13(4):451~454.
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