蒙皂石含量与膨胀土膨胀势指标相关关系研究
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摘要
对沿南水北调中线工程邯郸—永年、南阳、平顶山等地区及襄樊、荆门钟祥地区采集的各类地表、近地表膨胀土样品5 6件 ,运用现代XRD定量方法和有机染料吸附方法测量了粘土矿物成分和蒙皂石含量 ,同时测定了它们的液限、塑限、自由膨胀率、比表面积、粘粒、胶粒含量等指标。蒙皂石含量与各种膨胀势判别指标研究表明 ,蒙皂石含量是各种膨胀势的主要控制因素。当然 ,各种测量误差 (主要是蒙皂石含量的测量误差 )也是影响膨胀势判别的因素。Seed膨胀势较本文采用的推荐方案划分结果高 1～ 2个级次。蒙皂石含量与各参量之间呈线性、对数、指数关系 ,与粘土矿物的“诊断”吸收特性一起 ,这为膨胀土遥感提供了基础
surface and sub-surface samples of expansive soils was collected in the Handan-Yongnian area, Nanyang district, Pingdingshan area along the middle line of the Project of Diverting Water from South to North and in Xiangfan area and Zhongxiang district of Jingmeng City. Clay mineral composition and smectite content were determined by using XRD and dye absorption methods. Meanwhile,such indices as liquid limit, plastic limit, specific surface, clay particles and colloid particles, free swell ratio were quantitatively measured. Study on smectite content and the indices for discrimination swell potential indicates that smectite content is a principal factor controlling the swell potential. Of course, the measurement errors, mainly the error in smectite content, are also the second factors influencing swell potential gradation. The swell potential graded by using Seed's method is higher by 1 to 2 levers than that by using the suggested standard in the paper. The relationship between smectite content and indices is linear, logarithmic or exponential and provides a basis for expansive soil remote sensing in relation with the diagnostic absorption features of clay minerals.
surface and sub-surface samples of expansive soils was collected in the Handan-Yongnian area, Nanyang district, Pingdingshan area along the middle line of the Project of Diverting Water from South to North and in Xiangfan area and Zhongxiang district of Jingmeng City. Clay mineral composition and smectite content were determined by using XRD and dye absorption methods. Meanwhile,such indices as liquid limit, plastic limit, specific surface, clay particles and colloid particles, free swell ratio were quantitatively measured. Study on smectite content and the indices for discrimination swell potential indicates that smectite content is a principal factor controlling the swell potential. Of course, the measurement errors, mainly the error in smectite content, are also the second factors influencing swell potential gradation. The swell potential graded by using Seed's method is higher by 1 to 2 levers than that by using the suggested standard in the paper. The relationship between smectite content and indices is linear, logarithmic or exponential and provides a basis for expansive soil remote sensing in relation with the diagnostic absorption features of clay minerals.
引文
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[11] SabineChabrillat,AlexsanderF .H .Goetz,LisaKrosley,HaroldW .Olsen,2002,Useofhyperspectralimagesintheidentifica tionandmappingofexpansiveclaysoilsandtheroleofspatialresolution[J].RemoteSensingofEnvironment.2001,82,431～445.
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[15] WilliamsA .A .B .andDonaldsonG .BuiltingonexpansivesoilsinSouthAfrica[A].Proc4thnt.Conf.ExpansiveSoilsDenver.1980,2,834～838.
[16] Seed,H .B .,Woodward,R .J.Jr.,andLundgren,R .Pre dictionofswellingpotentialforcompactedclays.JournaloftheAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers,SoilMechanicsandFoun dationsDivision,1962,8(3):53～87.
[17] 张永双,曲永新,周瑞光.南水北调中线工程上第三系膨胀性硬粘土的工程地质特性研究[J].工程地质学报,2002,10(4):367～377.ZhangYomngshuang,QuYongxin,ZhouRuiguang.Engineer inggeologicalpropertiesofNeogenehardclayalongtheMiddleLineoftheNorth-SouthDiversionWaterProjectinChina.JournalofEngineeringGeology,2002,10(4):367～377.
[2] Chen,F .H ..FoundationsonExpansivesoils.2 nd edition,Elserier,NewYork,1988.
[3] 曲永新,张永双,冯玉勇,张加桂.中国膨胀土粘土矿物组成的定量研究[J].工程地质学报,2002,10(增刊):414～422.QuYongxin,ZhangYongshuang,FengYuyong,ZhangJiagui.QuantitativestudyontheclaymineralcompositionofexpansivesoilsinChina.JournalofEngineeringGeology,2002,10(Sup pl.):414～422.
[4] 谭罗荣,孔令伟.蒙脱石晶体涨缩规律及其与基质吸力关系研究[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(2):119～126.TanLuorong,KongLingwei.Astudyontheregularityofcrys tallineswelling-contractionofmontmorilloniteanditsrelation shipwithmatrixsuction.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),2001,31(2):119～126.
[5] 廖世文.膨胀土与铁路工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1984.LiaoShiwen.Expansivesoilandrailwayengineering.Beijing:RailwayPublicationHouseofChina,1984.
[6] 李生林.中国膨胀土工程地质研究[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1992.LiShenglin.StudiesontheengineeringgeologyofexpansivesoilsinChina.Nanjing:JiangsuScienceandTechnologyPublishingHouse,1992.
[7] 刘特洪.工程建设中的膨胀土问题[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997.LiuTehong.Theproblemsofexpansivesoilsinengineeringcon struction.Beijing:TheconstructionIndustryPublicationHouseofChina,1997.
[8] 曲永新,张永双,杨俊峰,覃祖淼,冯玉勇.中国膨胀性岩、土一体化工程地质分类的理论与实践[A].中国工程地质五十年[C].北京:地震出版社,2000,140～164.QuYongxin,ZhangYongshuang,YangJunfeng,QinZumiao,FengYuyong.TheTheoryandpracticeofswellingrocksandsoilsengineeringclassificationinChina[A \〗.In:FiftyYearsofChi naEngineeringGeology.Beijing:SeismicPress,2000,140～164.
[9] Hunt,G .R .Spectralsignaturesofparticulatemineralsinthevisi bleandnear-infrared.Geophysics,1977,42,501～513.
[10] Goetz,A .F .H .,Chabrillat,S .,&Lu,Z .Fieldreflectancespectrometryfordetectionofswellingclaysatconstructionsites.FieldAnalyticalChemistryandTechnology,5(3):143～155.
[11] SabineChabrillat,AlexsanderF .H .Goetz,LisaKrosley,HaroldW .Olsen,2002,Useofhyperspectralimagesintheidentifica tionandmappingofexpansiveclaysoilsandtheroleofspatialresolution[J].RemoteSensingofEnvironment.2001,82,431～445.
[12] Karituki,P .C .,F .VanDerMeerandP .N .W .Verhoef.Cationexchangecapacity(CEC )determinationfromspec troscopy.INT .J .RemoteSensing,2003,24(1):161～167.
[13] Olsen,H .W .,Krosley,L .,Nelson,K .,Chabrillat,S .,Goetz,A .F .H .,&Noe,D .C .Mineralogy-swellingpoten tialrelationshipsforexpansiveshales[A ].InC .D .Shack elford,S .L .Houston&N .-Y .Chang(Eds),Advancesinunsaturatedgeotechnics[C](GeotechnicalSpecialPublication99).Reston,VA :ASCE .2000,361～378.
[14] McKeen,R .G .Amodelforpredictingexpansivesoilbehavior[A].ProceedingsoftheInternationalConferenceonExpansiveSoils,1992,1,1～6.
[15] WilliamsA .A .B .andDonaldsonG .BuiltingonexpansivesoilsinSouthAfrica[A].Proc4thnt.Conf.ExpansiveSoilsDenver.1980,2,834～838.
[16] Seed,H .B .,Woodward,R .J.Jr.,andLundgren,R .Pre dictionofswellingpotentialforcompactedclays.JournaloftheAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers,SoilMechanicsandFoun dationsDivision,1962,8(3):53～87.
[17] 张永双,曲永新,周瑞光.南水北调中线工程上第三系膨胀性硬粘土的工程地质特性研究[J].工程地质学报,2002,10(4):367～377.ZhangYomngshuang,QuYongxin,ZhouRuiguang.Engineer inggeologicalpropertiesofNeogenehardclayalongtheMiddleLineoftheNorth-SouthDiversionWaterProjectinChina.JournalofEngineeringGeology,2002,10(4):367～377.
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