汶川地震百花大桥震害分析
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摘要
以在汶川地震中遭到严重破坏的百花大桥为研究对象,结合其震害建立了考虑墩柱、系梁、板式橡胶支座、钢筋混凝土挡块、伸缩缝和桥台等构件非线性力学性能的数值模型,采用距桥址最近的卧龙台记录,使用增量动力分析法(IDA)对其进行分析,结果表明:18跨牛腿搭接长度偏小是直接导致5联发生整体倒塌的原因,而不合理的支座布置方式导致双柱式固定墩无法共同受力,使一侧桥墩过早发生严重损伤从而无法为主梁提供足够的纵向约束也是不可忽视因素。
Baihua Bridge seriously damaged under Wenchuan earthquake was chosen as the study object. A numerical model was built considering nonlinear behaviors of columns,tie beams,laminated rubber bearings,reinforced concrete transverse retainers,expansion joints and abutments. Then,an incremental dynamic analysis( IDA) was performed with ground motions recorded at Wolong station,the nearest station from the bridge. The numerical analysis results showed that the collapse of the fifth continuous girder is mainly caused by the smaller bearing length at the eighteenth span; the unreasonable support distribution manner is another significant factor to lead to two columns of the fixed pier cannot bear load together; thus,the fixed pier can not offer enough vertical restraint to the girder because one of its columns is damaged severely very early.
Baihua Bridge seriously damaged under Wenchuan earthquake was chosen as the study object. A numerical model was built considering nonlinear behaviors of columns,tie beams,laminated rubber bearings,reinforced concrete transverse retainers,expansion joints and abutments. Then,an incremental dynamic analysis( IDA) was performed with ground motions recorded at Wolong station,the nearest station from the bridge. The numerical analysis results showed that the collapse of the fifth continuous girder is mainly caused by the smaller bearing length at the eighteenth span; the unreasonable support distribution manner is another significant factor to lead to two columns of the fixed pier cannot bear load together; thus,the fixed pier can not offer enough vertical restraint to the girder because one of its columns is damaged severely very early.
引文
[1]聂丽英,李建中,范立础.滑动支座竖向动反力对桥梁结构动力性能的影响[J].同济大学学报,2002,30(11):1290-1294.NIE Li-ying,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Effects of dynamic vertical resistance force of sliding bearing of bridges[J].Journal of Tongji University,2002,30(11):1290-1294.
[2]邓育林,彭天波,李建中.地震作用下桥梁结构横向碰撞模型及参数分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(9):104-119.DENG Yu-lin,PENG Tian-bo,LI Jian-zhong.Pounding model of bridge structures and parameter analysis under transverse earthquakes[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(9):104-119.
[3]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥横桥向地震碰撞反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(6):25-30.WANG Jun-wen,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Analysis on pounding effect of irregular girder bridges under transverse earthquake[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(6):25-30.
[4]Megally S H,Silva P F,Seible F.Seismic response of sacrificial shear keys in bridge abutments[R].Structural Systems Research Report SSRP-2001/23,Department of Structural Engineering,University of California,San Diego,La Jolla,California,2001.
[5]李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥纵向地震反应及碰撞效应[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(1):84-90.LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Longitudinal seismic response and pounding effects of girder bridges with unconventional configurations[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2005,38(1):84-90.
[6]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥伸缩缝处的碰撞对地震反应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(1):54-59.WANG Jun-wen,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Effect of pounding at expansion joints on seismic response of irregular girder bridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(1):54-59.
[7]Jankowski R.Non-linear viscoelastic modelling of earthquakeinduced structural pounding[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(6):595-611.
[8]岳福青.地震作用下隔震高架桥梁的碰撞反应及控制[D].天津:天津大学,2007.
[9]Aviram A,Mackie K R,Stojadinovic B.Effect of abutment modeling on the seismic response of bridge structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,4(7):395-402.
[10]Caltrans.Seismic design criteria[S].California:California Department of Transportation,2013.
[11]蒋劲松,庄卫林,刘振宇.汶川地震百花大桥震害调查分析[J].桥梁建设,2008(6):41-44.JIANG Jin-song,ZHUANG Wei-lin,LIU Zhen-yu.Investigation and analysis of seismic damage to baihua bridge in wenchuan earthquake[J].Bridge Construction,2008(6):41-44.
[12]范立础,胡世德,叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[13]徐略勤.钢筋混凝土横向挡块抗震性能研究[D].上海:同济大学,2012.
[2]邓育林,彭天波,李建中.地震作用下桥梁结构横向碰撞模型及参数分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(9):104-119.DENG Yu-lin,PENG Tian-bo,LI Jian-zhong.Pounding model of bridge structures and parameter analysis under transverse earthquakes[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(9):104-119.
[3]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥横桥向地震碰撞反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(6):25-30.WANG Jun-wen,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Analysis on pounding effect of irregular girder bridges under transverse earthquake[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(6):25-30.
[4]Megally S H,Silva P F,Seible F.Seismic response of sacrificial shear keys in bridge abutments[R].Structural Systems Research Report SSRP-2001/23,Department of Structural Engineering,University of California,San Diego,La Jolla,California,2001.
[5]李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥纵向地震反应及碰撞效应[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(1):84-90.LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Longitudinal seismic response and pounding effects of girder bridges with unconventional configurations[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2005,38(1):84-90.
[6]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥伸缩缝处的碰撞对地震反应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(1):54-59.WANG Jun-wen,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Effect of pounding at expansion joints on seismic response of irregular girder bridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(1):54-59.
[7]Jankowski R.Non-linear viscoelastic modelling of earthquakeinduced structural pounding[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(6):595-611.
[8]岳福青.地震作用下隔震高架桥梁的碰撞反应及控制[D].天津:天津大学,2007.
[9]Aviram A,Mackie K R,Stojadinovic B.Effect of abutment modeling on the seismic response of bridge structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,4(7):395-402.
[10]Caltrans.Seismic design criteria[S].California:California Department of Transportation,2013.
[11]蒋劲松,庄卫林,刘振宇.汶川地震百花大桥震害调查分析[J].桥梁建设,2008(6):41-44.JIANG Jin-song,ZHUANG Wei-lin,LIU Zhen-yu.Investigation and analysis of seismic damage to baihua bridge in wenchuan earthquake[J].Bridge Construction,2008(6):41-44.
[12]范立础,胡世德,叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[13]徐略勤.钢筋混凝土横向挡块抗震性能研究[D].上海:同济大学,2012.
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