竖向地震引发的桥梁结构间的多次重撞击响应分析
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摘要
应用瞬态波函数法,针对双跨连续梁桥在竖向地震激励下可能出现的多次弹性重撞击问题进行了研究.推导出桥梁结构多次弹性重撞击问题的理论解,并采用临时组合结构法,求解了桥跨结构与桥墩之间的重撞击力.通过对桥梁算例的数值分析,计算模拟了多次重撞击现象,并分析了竖向地震激励周期、桥墩横截面积、梁与墩长度比以及桥跨弹性模量等参数对桥梁结构撞击响应的影响.研究结果表明,竖向地震可能使得桥跨结构与桥墩间发生多次重撞击行为,引发轴力的高频振荡,对桥梁结构响应有着明显的影响.多次重撞击的发生以及重撞击力的幅值对竖向地震激励周期相当敏感;梁与墩长度比和桥跨弹性模量都可以显著影响桥梁在竖向地震激励下的响应机理,应在桥梁抗震设计中予以考虑.
The transient wave effect approach is presented to study multiple-pounding between the girders and the pier of a bridge under vertical earthquakes.The theoretical solution of multiple elastic poundings of a single-pier and two-span bridge is derived and pounding force is calculated from the interfacial stress at the contant ends.The transient wave responses induced by multiple-pounding of bridge are also calculated.The effects of the vertical earthquake period,the cross-section area of pier,the length ratio of girder to pier and the Young's modulus of girders are analyzed for the pounding responses of bridges.The numerical results indicated that multiple-pounding between superstructure and pier may be generated by vertical earthquakes,which results in the axial force of the pier fluctuates in high frequencies and has a large influence on the bridge structure response.The occurrence of multiple-pounding and the amplitude of multiple-pounding force depend strongly on the vertical earthquake period.Influences of the length ratio and the Young's modulus on pounding responses of bridge are significant as well.It should be considered in seismic design for bridges.
The transient wave effect approach is presented to study multiple-pounding between the girders and the pier of a bridge under vertical earthquakes.The theoretical solution of multiple elastic poundings of a single-pier and two-span bridge is derived and pounding force is calculated from the interfacial stress at the contant ends.The transient wave responses induced by multiple-pounding of bridge are also calculated.The effects of the vertical earthquake period,the cross-section area of pier,the length ratio of girder to pier and the Young's modulus of girders are analyzed for the pounding responses of bridges.The numerical results indicated that multiple-pounding between superstructure and pier may be generated by vertical earthquakes,which results in the axial force of the pier fluctuates in high frequencies and has a large influence on the bridge structure response.The occurrence of multiple-pounding and the amplitude of multiple-pounding force depend strongly on the vertical earthquake period.Influences of the length ratio and the Young's modulus on pounding responses of bridge are significant as well.It should be considered in seismic design for bridges.
引文
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[3]Wang D,Xie L L.Attenuation of peak ground acceler-ations from the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,8(2):179-188.
[4]Kunnath S K,Erduran E,Chai Y H,et al.Effect ofnear-fault vertical ground motions on seismic re-sponse of highway overcrossings[J].ASCE Journalof Bridge Engineering,2008,13(3):282-290.
[5]Tanimura S,Mimura K,Nonaka T,et al.Dynamicfailure of structures due to the great Hanshin-Awajiearthquake[J].International Journal of Impact Engi-neering,2000,24:583-596.
[6]Wang C J,Shih M H.Performance study of a bridgeinvolving sliding decks and pounded abutment duringa violent earthquake[J].Engineering Structures,2007,29:802-812.
[7]Tanimura S,Sato T,Umeda T,et al.A note on dy-namic fracture of the bridge bearing due to the greatHanshin-Awaji earthquake[J].International Journalof Impact Engineering,2002,27:153-160.
[8]李忠献,岳福青,周莉.地震时桥梁碰撞分析的等效Kelvin撞击模型[J].工程力学,2008,25(4):128-133.(Li Z X,Yue F Q,Zhou L.Equivalent Kelvinimpact model for pounding analysis of bridges duringearthquake[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(4):128-133.(in Chinese))
[9]Abdel Raheem S E.Pounding mitigation and unsea-ting prevention at expansion joints of isolated multi-span bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31:2345-2356.
[10]Chouw N,Hao H.Study of SSI and non-uniformground motion effect on pounding between bridgegirders[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineer-ing,2005,25:717-728.
[11]Banerjee S,Shinozuka M.Mechanistic quantificationof RC bridge damage states under earthquakethrough fragility analysis[J].Probabilistic Engineer-ing Mechanics,2008,23:12-22.
[12]Wang C,Kim J.New analysis method for a thin beamimpacting against a stop based on the full continuousmodel[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1996,191(5):809-823.
[13]Yin X C,Qin Y,Zou H.Transient responses of re-peated impact of a beam against a stop[J].Interna-tional Journal of Solids and Structures,2007,44:7323-7339.
[14]Yin X C.Multiple impacts of two concentric hollowcylinders with zero clearance[J].International Jour-nal of Solids and Structures,1997,34:4597-4616.
[15]Yin X C,Yue Z Q.Transient plane-strain response ofmultilayered elastic cylinders to axisymmetric im-pulse[J].ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics,2002,69:825-835.
[16]程纬.地震加速度反应谱拟合的直接法研究[J].工程力学,2000,17(1):83-87.(Cheng W.Direct meth-od of simulating response spectrum of earthquake ac-celeration[J].Engineering Mechanics,2000,17(1):83-87.(in Chinese))
[17]周云,宗兰,张文芳,等.土木工程抗震设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.(Zhou Y,Zong L,Zhang W F,et al.Seismic Design of Civil Engineering[M].Bei-jing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese))
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