钢筋混凝土拱桥罕遇地震响应简化分析方法
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摘要
桥梁2阶段抗震设计方法关注桥梁结构罕遇地震下的延性性能,以达到大震不倒抗震设防要求。采用能力评估和目标位移预测相结合的pushover分析方法为桥梁结构罕遇地震下的受力行为提供了一种简化分析方法。分别采用能力谱方法和等效SDOF非线性时程分析2种目标位移计算方法,对2座已建钢筋混凝土拱桥进行pushover分析,并与动力弹塑性时程分析结果进行对比。研究结果表明:pushover分析方法可准确预测钢筋混凝土拱桥罕遇地震下横桥向最大位移响应,但对纵桥向最大位移响应的预测精度相对较差。研究结论为钢筋混凝土拱桥罕遇地震下抗震性能评估提供参考依据。
In order to reach the aim of "without collapse under major earthquake",the ductility performance of bridges was more concerned in two-stage seismic design method recently.Pushover analysis method that consists of capacity evaluation and demand displacement prediction provided a simplified method to analyse bridge's mechanical behavior under exceptionally serious earthquake.Both capacity spectrum method and equivalent SDOF nonlinear time-history analysis method that aim to predict demand displacement were applied for pushover analysis of two existing reinforced concrete arch bridge.To check the accuracy of the proposed methods,the demand displacement obtained by dynamic elasto-plastic analysis under exceptionally serious earthquake was used as benchmark for comparison.The result shows that the pushover analysis method can give accurate estimation of the maximum displacement response of RC arch bridge in the transverse direction under exceptionally serious earthquake,while having poor prediction in longitudinal direction.The study could provide a reference for seismic evaluation of RC arch bridge under major earthquake ground motion.
In order to reach the aim of "without collapse under major earthquake",the ductility performance of bridges was more concerned in two-stage seismic design method recently.Pushover analysis method that consists of capacity evaluation and demand displacement prediction provided a simplified method to analyse bridge's mechanical behavior under exceptionally serious earthquake.Both capacity spectrum method and equivalent SDOF nonlinear time-history analysis method that aim to predict demand displacement were applied for pushover analysis of two existing reinforced concrete arch bridge.To check the accuracy of the proposed methods,the demand displacement obtained by dynamic elasto-plastic analysis under exceptionally serious earthquake was used as benchmark for comparison.The result shows that the pushover analysis method can give accurate estimation of the maximum displacement response of RC arch bridge in the transverse direction under exceptionally serious earthquake,while having poor prediction in longitudinal direction.The study could provide a reference for seismic evaluation of RC arch bridge under major earthquake ground motion.
引文
[1]JTJ004—89,公路工程抗震设计规范[S].JTJ 044—89,Specifications of Earthquake ResistantDesign for Highway Engineering[S].
[2]JTG/TB02-01-2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/TB 02-01-2008,Guidelines for Seismic Design ofHighway Bridges[S].
[3]曲哲,叶列平.基于损伤机制控制的钢筋混凝土结构抗震设计方法研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(10):21-29.QU Zhe,YE Lieping.Seismic Design Methodology Basedon Damage Mechanism Control for Reinforced ConcreteStructures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(10):21-29.
[4]FAJFAR P,GASPERSIC P.The N2 Method for theSeismic Damage Analysis of RC Buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1996,25(1):31-46.
[5]FAJFAR P.Capacity Spectrum Method Based on InelasticDemand Spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1999,28(9):979-993.
[6]KRAWINKLER H,SENEVIRATNA G.Pros and Cons ofa Pushover Analysis of Seismic Performance Evaluation[J].Engineering Structures,1998,20(4/6):452-464.
[7]CHOPRA A K,GOEL R K.Evaluation of NSP to EstimateSeismic Deformation:SDF Systems[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(4):482-490.
[8]CHOPRA A K,GOEL R K.A Modal Pushover AnalysisProcedure to Estimate Seismic Demands for Unsymmetric-Plan Buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering&StructuralDynamics,2004,33(15):1429-1445.
[9]CHOPRA A K,GOEL R K,CHINTANAPAKDEE C.Evaluation of a Modified MPA Procedure Assuming HigherModes as Elastic to Estimate Seismic Demands[J].Earthquake Spectra,2004,20(3):757-778.
[10]USAMI T,ZHENG Y,GE H B.Seismic Design Methodfor Thin-walled Steel Frame Structures[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,ASCE,2001,127(2):137-144.
[11]ABEYSINGHE R S,GAVAISE E,ROSIGNOLI M,et al.Pushover Analysis of Inelastic Seismic Behavior ofGreveniotikos Bridge[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2005,7(2):115-126.
[12]ZHENG Y,USAMI T,GE H B.Seismic ResponsePredictions of Multi-span Steel Bridges through PushoverAnalysis[J].Earthquake Engineering&StructuralDynamics,2003,32(8):1259-1274.
[13]钱稼茹,康钊,赵作周,等.在用市政桥梁基于位移的抗震安全评估[J].工程力学,2006,23(增1):194-202.QIAN Jiaru,KANG Zhao,ZHAO Zuozhou,et al.Displacement-based Seismic Safety Assessment of ExistingMunicipal Bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(S1):194-202.
[14]陈星烨,刘文浩,唐雪松.连续刚构桥的Pushover分析与应用[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,39(1):202-208.CHEN Xingye,LIU Wenhao,TANG Xuesong.PushoverAnalysis for Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge[J].Journalof Central South University:Science and Technology,2008,39(1):202-208.
[15]柳春光,林皋.桥梁结构push-over方法抗震性能研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(3),395-400.LIU Chunguang,LIN Gao.Research on Push-overMethod for Earthquake-resistant Performance of BridgeStructure[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2005,45(3),395-400.
[16]贾红梅,阎贵平.Pushover方法在双柱桥墩抗震性能评估上的应用[J].北京交通大学学报,2008,32(1):75-78.JIA Hongmei,YAN Guiping.Application of PushoverMethod to Seismic Resistant Performance Evaluation ofDouble Column Bridge Pier[J].Journal of BeijingJiaotong University,2008,32(1):75-78.
[17]胡世德,苏虹,王君杰.钢管混凝土拱桥的三维弹塑性地震反应理论分析[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(1):57-61.HU Shide,SU Hong,WANG Junjie.Three DimensionalElasto-plastic Seismic Response Analysis of CFST Bridge[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2004,17(1):57-61.
[18]赵灿晖,周志祥.大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥非线性地震响应分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(2):47-51.ZHAO Canhui,ZHOU Zhixiang.Nonlinear SeismicResponse Analysis of Long-span CFST Arch Bridge[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2006,28(2):47-51.
[19]张波,李术才,杨学英,等.上承式大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥地震反应分析[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(3):64-67.ZHANG Bo,LI Shucai,YANG Xueying,et al.Analysisof Seismic Response of Deck Type Long-span CFST ArchBridge[J].Journal of Highway and TransportationResearch and Development,2009,26(3):64-67.
[20]吴玉华,亓兴军,郭剑飞.行波效应下大跨钢管混凝土拱桥的非线性地震响应分析[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(1):80-85.WU Yuhua,QI Xingjun,GUO Jianfei.Analysis ofNonlinear Seismic Response of Long-span CFST ArchBridge under Traveling Wave Effect[J].Journal ofHighway and Transportation Research and Development,2011,28(1):80-85.
[21]赵跃宇,彭河星,王连华.多维地震激励作用下大跨度斜拉拱桥的随机响应[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(2):69-78.ZHAO Yueyu,PENG Hexing,WANG Lianhua.StochasticResponse of Cable-stayed Arch Bridge under Multi-component Seismic Excitation[J].Journal of Highwayand Transportation Research and Development,2008,25(2):69-78.
[22]李正英.大跨度拱桥地震反应特性及减震措施研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.LI Zhengying.Research on Earthquake ResponseCharacteristic and Seismic Control of Long-span ArchBridges[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2008.
[23]李正英,李正良,汪之松,等.粘滞阻尼器拱桥结构减震控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(1):56-60.LI Zhengying,LI Zhengliang,WANG Zhisong,et al.Study on Seismic Response Control of an Arch Bridge withViscous Dampers[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(1):56-60.
[24]LU Z H,USAMI T,GE H B.Seismic PerformanceEvaluation of Steel Arch Bridges Against MajorEarthquakes.Part 2:Simplified Verification Procedure[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2004,33(14):1355-1372.
[25]Applied Technology Council.Seismic Evaluation andRetrofit of Concrete Buildings,Report No.ATC-40[R].Redwood City,California:Applied TechnologyCouncil,1996.
[26]江见鲸,陆新征,叶列平.混凝土结构有限元分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.JIANG Jianjing,LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping.FiniteElement Analysis of Concrete Structures[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2005.
[27]US Federal Emergency Management Agency.NEHRPGuidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings,FEMA-356[R].Washington D.C.:US FederalEmergency Management Agency,2000.
[28]TAKEDA T,SOZEN M A,NIELSEN N N.ReinforcedConcrete Response to Simulated Earthquakes[J].Journalof the Structural Engineering,ASCE,1970,96(12):2557-2573.
[2]JTG/TB02-01-2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/TB 02-01-2008,Guidelines for Seismic Design ofHighway Bridges[S].
[3]曲哲,叶列平.基于损伤机制控制的钢筋混凝土结构抗震设计方法研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(10):21-29.QU Zhe,YE Lieping.Seismic Design Methodology Basedon Damage Mechanism Control for Reinforced ConcreteStructures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(10):21-29.
[4]FAJFAR P,GASPERSIC P.The N2 Method for theSeismic Damage Analysis of RC Buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1996,25(1):31-46.
[5]FAJFAR P.Capacity Spectrum Method Based on InelasticDemand Spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1999,28(9):979-993.
[6]KRAWINKLER H,SENEVIRATNA G.Pros and Cons ofa Pushover Analysis of Seismic Performance Evaluation[J].Engineering Structures,1998,20(4/6):452-464.
[7]CHOPRA A K,GOEL R K.Evaluation of NSP to EstimateSeismic Deformation:SDF Systems[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(4):482-490.
[8]CHOPRA A K,GOEL R K.A Modal Pushover AnalysisProcedure to Estimate Seismic Demands for Unsymmetric-Plan Buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering&StructuralDynamics,2004,33(15):1429-1445.
[9]CHOPRA A K,GOEL R K,CHINTANAPAKDEE C.Evaluation of a Modified MPA Procedure Assuming HigherModes as Elastic to Estimate Seismic Demands[J].Earthquake Spectra,2004,20(3):757-778.
[10]USAMI T,ZHENG Y,GE H B.Seismic Design Methodfor Thin-walled Steel Frame Structures[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,ASCE,2001,127(2):137-144.
[11]ABEYSINGHE R S,GAVAISE E,ROSIGNOLI M,et al.Pushover Analysis of Inelastic Seismic Behavior ofGreveniotikos Bridge[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2005,7(2):115-126.
[12]ZHENG Y,USAMI T,GE H B.Seismic ResponsePredictions of Multi-span Steel Bridges through PushoverAnalysis[J].Earthquake Engineering&StructuralDynamics,2003,32(8):1259-1274.
[13]钱稼茹,康钊,赵作周,等.在用市政桥梁基于位移的抗震安全评估[J].工程力学,2006,23(增1):194-202.QIAN Jiaru,KANG Zhao,ZHAO Zuozhou,et al.Displacement-based Seismic Safety Assessment of ExistingMunicipal Bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(S1):194-202.
[14]陈星烨,刘文浩,唐雪松.连续刚构桥的Pushover分析与应用[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,39(1):202-208.CHEN Xingye,LIU Wenhao,TANG Xuesong.PushoverAnalysis for Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge[J].Journalof Central South University:Science and Technology,2008,39(1):202-208.
[15]柳春光,林皋.桥梁结构push-over方法抗震性能研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2005,45(3),395-400.LIU Chunguang,LIN Gao.Research on Push-overMethod for Earthquake-resistant Performance of BridgeStructure[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2005,45(3),395-400.
[16]贾红梅,阎贵平.Pushover方法在双柱桥墩抗震性能评估上的应用[J].北京交通大学学报,2008,32(1):75-78.JIA Hongmei,YAN Guiping.Application of PushoverMethod to Seismic Resistant Performance Evaluation ofDouble Column Bridge Pier[J].Journal of BeijingJiaotong University,2008,32(1):75-78.
[17]胡世德,苏虹,王君杰.钢管混凝土拱桥的三维弹塑性地震反应理论分析[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(1):57-61.HU Shide,SU Hong,WANG Junjie.Three DimensionalElasto-plastic Seismic Response Analysis of CFST Bridge[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2004,17(1):57-61.
[18]赵灿晖,周志祥.大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥非线性地震响应分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(2):47-51.ZHAO Canhui,ZHOU Zhixiang.Nonlinear SeismicResponse Analysis of Long-span CFST Arch Bridge[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2006,28(2):47-51.
[19]张波,李术才,杨学英,等.上承式大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥地震反应分析[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(3):64-67.ZHANG Bo,LI Shucai,YANG Xueying,et al.Analysisof Seismic Response of Deck Type Long-span CFST ArchBridge[J].Journal of Highway and TransportationResearch and Development,2009,26(3):64-67.
[20]吴玉华,亓兴军,郭剑飞.行波效应下大跨钢管混凝土拱桥的非线性地震响应分析[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(1):80-85.WU Yuhua,QI Xingjun,GUO Jianfei.Analysis ofNonlinear Seismic Response of Long-span CFST ArchBridge under Traveling Wave Effect[J].Journal ofHighway and Transportation Research and Development,2011,28(1):80-85.
[21]赵跃宇,彭河星,王连华.多维地震激励作用下大跨度斜拉拱桥的随机响应[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(2):69-78.ZHAO Yueyu,PENG Hexing,WANG Lianhua.StochasticResponse of Cable-stayed Arch Bridge under Multi-component Seismic Excitation[J].Journal of Highwayand Transportation Research and Development,2008,25(2):69-78.
[22]李正英.大跨度拱桥地震反应特性及减震措施研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.LI Zhengying.Research on Earthquake ResponseCharacteristic and Seismic Control of Long-span ArchBridges[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2008.
[23]李正英,李正良,汪之松,等.粘滞阻尼器拱桥结构减震控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(1):56-60.LI Zhengying,LI Zhengliang,WANG Zhisong,et al.Study on Seismic Response Control of an Arch Bridge withViscous Dampers[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(1):56-60.
[24]LU Z H,USAMI T,GE H B.Seismic PerformanceEvaluation of Steel Arch Bridges Against MajorEarthquakes.Part 2:Simplified Verification Procedure[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2004,33(14):1355-1372.
[25]Applied Technology Council.Seismic Evaluation andRetrofit of Concrete Buildings,Report No.ATC-40[R].Redwood City,California:Applied TechnologyCouncil,1996.
[26]江见鲸,陆新征,叶列平.混凝土结构有限元分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.JIANG Jianjing,LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping.FiniteElement Analysis of Concrete Structures[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2005.
[27]US Federal Emergency Management Agency.NEHRPGuidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings,FEMA-356[R].Washington D.C.:US FederalEmergency Management Agency,2000.
[28]TAKEDA T,SOZEN M A,NIELSEN N N.ReinforcedConcrete Response to Simulated Earthquakes[J].Journalof the Structural Engineering,ASCE,1970,96(12):2557-2573.
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