高地震烈度区含矮墩桥梁抗震设计
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摘要
针对高烈度区矮墩在地震中易发生脆性剪切破坏问题,结合《公路桥梁抗震设计细则(JTG/T B20-01—2008)》,提出了含矮墩桥梁抗震设计对策。以高烈度区某两跨简支预应力混凝土T梁桥为例,分别提出了减隔震技术、多柱墩设计、采用复合短柱(FRP或钢套管)或高强度抗剪箍筋等具体方案和建议。利用专业MIDAS有限元软件建立减隔震、多柱墩设计方案数值分析模型,比较了在E2地震作用下各个设计方案中桥墩及桩基础纵、横向最大受力情况。结果表明,采用减隔震设计或多柱墩设计方案可有效降低矮墩及基础的地震需求,改善矮墩及基础在强震作用下的受力性能,适用于高烈度区矮墩桥梁的抗震设计。上述方案主要供设计人员在抗震概念设计阶段选用,以切实提高含矮墩桥梁抗震能力。
Aimed at the short bridge piers that are vulnerable to brittle shear failure in high earthquake intensity zones,the seismic design countermeasures for bridges with short piers was put forward combined with Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges(JTG/T B02-01—2008).Based on a designed simple two-span prestressed concrete T-beam bridge located in a high earthquake intensity zone,the specific schemes and suggestions,including seismic isolation technology,multi-column pier design,composite short column(FRP or steel tube) or high strength transverse reinforcement,were proposed respectively.By using the numerical analysis model for seismic isolation and multi-column pier design scheme established by special finite element software MIDAS,the maximum longitudinal and lateral loads of the bridge piers and pile foundations of different designs under E2 earthquake excitation were compared.It is found that the seismic demand of short piers and foundations could be decreased significantly for the bridges by using seismic isolation design or multi-column pier design suitable for seismic design of bridge with short piers in high earthquake intensity zones,and the mechanical behaviors of short piers and foundations under strong earthquake could be improved.The proposed design schemes could be selected by designers in the seismic concept design stage to improve the seismic performance of the bridges with short piers.
Aimed at the short bridge piers that are vulnerable to brittle shear failure in high earthquake intensity zones,the seismic design countermeasures for bridges with short piers was put forward combined with Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges(JTG/T B02-01—2008).Based on a designed simple two-span prestressed concrete T-beam bridge located in a high earthquake intensity zone,the specific schemes and suggestions,including seismic isolation technology,multi-column pier design,composite short column(FRP or steel tube) or high strength transverse reinforcement,were proposed respectively.By using the numerical analysis model for seismic isolation and multi-column pier design scheme established by special finite element software MIDAS,the maximum longitudinal and lateral loads of the bridge piers and pile foundations of different designs under E2 earthquake excitation were compared.It is found that the seismic demand of short piers and foundations could be decreased significantly for the bridges by using seismic isolation design or multi-column pier design suitable for seismic design of bridge with short piers in high earthquake intensity zones,and the mechanical behaviors of short piers and foundations under strong earthquake could be improved.The proposed design schemes could be selected by designers in the seismic concept design stage to improve the seismic performance of the bridges with short piers.
引文
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[16]孙治国,司炳君,王东升,等.钢筋混凝土桥墩震后修复技术研究综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(5):128-132.SUN Zhiguo,SI Bingjun,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Review on the Repair Techniques for Earthquake DamagedRC Bridge Piers[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,2009,29(5):128-132.
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[18]司炳君,孙治国,王东升,等.高强箍筋约束高强混凝土柱抗震性能研究综述[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(4):1-9.SI Bingjun,SUN Zhiguo,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Review of Studies on the Seismic Behavior of High StrengthConcrete Columns with High Strength TransverseReinforcement[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(4):1-9.
[19]BUDEK A M,PRIESTLEY M J N,LEE C O.SeismicDesign of Columns with High-Strength Wire and Strand asSpiral Reinforcement[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(5):660-670.
[20]王旭阳.绵竹市回澜匝道桥抗震分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.WANG Xuyang.Seismic Response Analysis of HuilanRamp Bridge[D].Chengdu:Southwest JiaotongUniversity,2010.
[2]孙治国,王东升,郭迅,等.汶川大地震绵竹市回澜立交桥震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):132-138.SUN Zhiguo,WANG Dongsheng,GUO Xun,et al.Damage Investigation of Huilan Interchange in Mianzhuafter Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(4):132-138.
[3]王东升,孙治国,李晓莉,等.汶川大地震曲线梁桥震害及破坏机理分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(5):572-579.WANG Dongsheng,SUN Zhiguo,LI Xiaoli,et al.Seismic Damage Investigation and Failure MechanismAnalysis of Curved Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(5):572-579.
[4]JTG/T B02-01—2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/T B02-01—2008,Guidelines for Seismic Design ofHighway Bridges[S].
[5]范立础,王志强.桥梁减隔振设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.FAN Lichu,WANG Zhiqiang.Seismic Isolation Design ofBridges[M].Beijing:China CommunicationsPress,2001.
[6]ROBERTS J E.Caltrans Structural Control for Bridges inHigh-seismic Zones[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructural Dynamics,2005,34(4-5):449-470.
[7]王东升,司炳君,孙治国,等.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥墩塑性铰区抗剪强度试验[J].中国公路学报,2011,24(2):34-41.WANG Dongsheng,SI Bingjun,SUN Zhiguo,et al.Experiment on Shear Strength of Reinforced ConcreteBridge Column in Plastic Hinge Zone Under Seismic Effect[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2011,24(2):34-41.
[8]CALTRANS-2001,Seismic Design Criteria[S].
[9]陈永祁,王静,刘林.国外减隔震桥梁的失效分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(5):41-47.CHEN Yongqi,WANG Jing,LIU Lin.Failure Analysis ofOverseas Seismic Isolated Bridges[J].EarthquakeResistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2008,30(5):41-47.
[10]王淑涛,刘兆光,胡盛.减隔震技术在大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥设计中的应用[J].公路,2011(7):152-155.WANG Shutao,LIU Zhaoguang,HU Sheng.Applicationof Seismic Isolation Techniques in Design of Long SpanPrestressed Concrete Continuous Girder Bridge[J].Highway,2011(7):152-155.
[11]马军伟.新京航运河大桥抗震性能分析[J].中国市政工程,2011(2):24-27.MA Junwei.Aseismic Performance Analysis of GreatBridge of Jinghang Canal[J].China MunicipalEngineering,2011(2):24-27.
[12]司炳君,孙治国,王东升,等.钢筋混凝土桥墩地震弯剪破坏机理与震后快速修复技术研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(7):90-99.SI Bingjun,SUN Zhiguo,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Studyon the Seismic Flexural-shear Damage Mechanisms andRapid Repair Techniques for Earthquake Damaged BridgePiers[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(7):90-99.
[13]ABDULLAH J A,ZHANG Sumei,LIU Jiepeng.ShearStrength and Behavior of Tubed Reinforced and SteelReinforced Concrete(TRC and TSRC)Short Columns[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2010,48(3):191-199.
[14]蔡新江,田石柱,王大鹏,等.FRP加固桥梁RC短柱拟静力及网络拟动力试验[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(12):125-135.CAI Xinjiang,TIAN Shizhu,WANG Dapeng,et al.Quasi-Static Testing and Networked Pseudo-DynamicTesting on Fiber Reinforced Plastic RetrofittedReinforcement Concrete Short Columns of Bridge[J].Journal of Building Structures,2009,30(12):125-135.
[15]肖岩.套管钢筋混凝土结构的发展与展望[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(4):8-12.XIAO Yan.Development and Prospects of TubularReinforced Concrete Column Structure[J].China CivilEngineering Journal,2004,37(4):8-12.
[16]孙治国,司炳君,王东升,等.钢筋混凝土桥墩震后修复技术研究综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(5):128-132.SUN Zhiguo,SI Bingjun,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Review on the Repair Techniques for Earthquake DamagedRC Bridge Piers[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,2009,29(5):128-132.
[17]孙治国,司炳君,王东升,等.高强箍筋高强混凝土柱抗震性能研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(5):128-136.SUN Zhiguo,SI Bingjun,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Research on the Seismic Performance of High-StrengthConcrete Columns with High-Strength Stirrups[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(5):128-136.
[18]司炳君,孙治国,王东升,等.高强箍筋约束高强混凝土柱抗震性能研究综述[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(4):1-9.SI Bingjun,SUN Zhiguo,WANG Dongsheng,et al.Review of Studies on the Seismic Behavior of High StrengthConcrete Columns with High Strength TransverseReinforcement[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(4):1-9.
[19]BUDEK A M,PRIESTLEY M J N,LEE C O.SeismicDesign of Columns with High-Strength Wire and Strand asSpiral Reinforcement[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(5):660-670.
[20]王旭阳.绵竹市回澜匝道桥抗震分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.WANG Xuyang.Seismic Response Analysis of HuilanRamp Bridge[D].Chengdu:Southwest JiaotongUniversity,2010.
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