软土地铁车站结构在三维强地震动作用下的响应分析
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摘要
以绵竹清平波作为输入地震波,采用ANSYS-FLAC3D相结合的方法对2层2柱3跨软土典型地铁车站结构进行强震响应的三维数值模拟。土体采用D-P本构模型,车站结构采用弹性模型,并选用瑞利阻尼和Hardin/Drnevich模型的滞后阻尼实现土在循环动荷载下的滞回和非线性特性。计算结果表明:下层中柱的相对水平变形主要由水平方向加速度引起,而受竖直方向加速度的影响甚微;下层中柱轴力主要受水平方向和竖直方向加速度共同作用的影响,在发生汶川地震级别的地震时,将可能发生车站下层中柱坍塌的现象;土压力以及侧墙对土体的挤压力均较大;下层中柱柱顶的水平方向加速度响应大于柱底的水平方向加速度响应,而两者的竖直方向加速度反应相差不大。由此可知:发生地震时,下层中柱是地铁车站最为薄弱的构件,并且中柱的破坏系由水平方向加速度和竖直方向加速度共同作用的结果。
With Qingping wave of Mianzhu as the input earthquake wave,3D numerical simulation was carried through on the strong earthquake response for the typical structure(2-layer 2-column 3-span) of the underground railway station in soft soil by adopting the combined ANSYS-FLAC3D method.The D-P constitutive model was employed to simulate the model soil,and the elastic model was employed to simulate the station structure.The Rayleigh damping and the hysteretic damping of Hardin/Drnevich model were used to simulate the hysteretic and nonlinear characteristics of the model soil under cyclic dynamic load.The calculation results show that the relative horizontal deformation of the central column on the lower layer is caused by the horizontal acceleration,and the effect of the vertical acceleration on it is very little.The axial force of the central column on the lower layer is mainly affected by the interaction of the horizontal and the vertical acceleration.The central column on the lower layer of the station may collapse if Wenchuan same level of earthquake occurs.The soil pressure and the side wall produce greater extrusion force on the soil mass.The horizontal acceleration response at the top of the central column on the lower layer is greater than that at the bottom,while the vertical acceleration response is almost the same at both the top and the bottom of the central column.Thus it is clear that the central column on the lower layer is the weakest component of the station structure under strong earthquake,and the damage of the central column is caused by both the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration.
With Qingping wave of Mianzhu as the input earthquake wave,3D numerical simulation was carried through on the strong earthquake response for the typical structure(2-layer 2-column 3-span) of the underground railway station in soft soil by adopting the combined ANSYS-FLAC3D method.The D-P constitutive model was employed to simulate the model soil,and the elastic model was employed to simulate the station structure.The Rayleigh damping and the hysteretic damping of Hardin/Drnevich model were used to simulate the hysteretic and nonlinear characteristics of the model soil under cyclic dynamic load.The calculation results show that the relative horizontal deformation of the central column on the lower layer is caused by the horizontal acceleration,and the effect of the vertical acceleration on it is very little.The axial force of the central column on the lower layer is mainly affected by the interaction of the horizontal and the vertical acceleration.The central column on the lower layer of the station may collapse if Wenchuan same level of earthquake occurs.The soil pressure and the side wall produce greater extrusion force on the soil mass.The horizontal acceleration response at the top of the central column on the lower layer is greater than that at the bottom,while the vertical acceleration response is almost the same at both the top and the bottom of the central column.Thus it is clear that the central column on the lower layer is the weakest component of the station structure under strong earthquake,and the damage of the central column is caused by both the horizontal acceleration and the vertical acceleration.
引文
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[2]HUO H,BOBET B,FERNANDEZ G.Load Transfer Mechanisms between Underground Structure and Surround-ing Ground:Evaluation of the Failure of the Daikai Station[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engi-neering,2005,131(12):1522-1533.
[3]LI Z N,LI Q S,LOU M L.Numerical Studies on the Effects of the Lateral Boundary on Soil-Structure Interaction inHomogeneous Soil Foundations[J].Structural Engineering and Mechanics,2005,20(4):421-434.
[4]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2005,45(6):757-760.(LIU Jingbo,LI Bin,GU Yin.Seismic Response Analysis of Shielded Subway Tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua U-niversity:Science and Technology,2005,45(6):757-760.in Chinese)
[5]曹炳政,罗奇峰,马硕,等.神户大开地铁车站的地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):102-107.(CAO Bingzheng,LUO Qifeng,MA Shuo,et al.Seismic Response Analysis of Dakai Subway Station in Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(4):102-107.in Chinese)
[6]吕爱钟,蒋斌松,尤春安.位移反分析有限元网格划分范围的研究[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(1):26-30.(L Aizhong,JIANG Binsong,YOU Chunan.Study on Range of Mesh about Finite Element for Back Analysis ofDisplacement[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(1):26-30.in Chinese)
[7]楼梦麟,王文剑,朱彤,等.土—结构体系振动台模型试验中土层边界影响问题[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):30-36.(LOU Menglin,WANG Wenjian,ZHU Tong,et al.Soil Lateral Boundary Effect in Shaking Table Model Test ofSoil-Structure System[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(4):30-36.in Chinese)
[8]廖秋林,曾钱帮,刘彤,等.基于ANSYS平台复杂地质体FLAC3D模型的自动生成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):1010-1013.(LIAO Qiulin,ZENG Qianbang,LIU Tong,et al.Automatic Model Generation of Complex Geologic Body withFLAC3DBased on ANSYS Platform[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):1010-1013.in Chinese)
[9]Itasca Consulting Group Incorporation.Fast Language of Continua in Three Dimension[R].Minneapolis,Minneso-ta:Itasca Consulting Group Incorporation,1997.
[10]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008.
[11]王自法.汶川大地震震害的启示[R].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2008.
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