平面SH波入射下深埋软岩隧道抗减震机理研究
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摘要
通过波函数展开法给出平面SH波入射下深埋软岩圆形隧道"围岩-加固圈-初衬-二次衬砌"、"围岩-减震层-初衬-二次衬砌"和"围岩-初衬-减震层-二次衬砌"3种抗减震措施下衬砌动力响应解析近似解,分析加固圈和减震层弹性模量、厚度对衬砌结构动应力集中系数的影响,得到以下有益结论:随着围岩加固圈弹性模量及其厚度增大,二次衬砌动应力集中系数减小,加固圈围岩与围岩最佳弹性模量之比应大于2,最优加固圈厚度不宜超过0.5D;在围岩和初衬间设置减震层可以明显降低初衬和二次衬砌动应力集中系数;在初衬和二次衬砌间设置减震层可以有效降低二次衬砌动应力集中系数,但初衬动应力集中系数明显增加;减震层与围岩弹模之比越低,减震层厚度越大,二次衬砌动应力集中系数越小,减震层与围岩弹性模量之比应小于1/10~1/20,最优减震层厚度低于0.2m。研究结论可以为高烈度地震区山岭隧道抗减震设计提供参考。
Based on the wave function expansion method, the dynamic response analysis of deep soft rock cylindrical composite-lining tunnels with grouting reinforcement and buffer layers in an elastic space subjected to incident plane SH waves were studied. Then the factors affecting the dynamic stress concentration factor of the lining structures, such as the elastic modulus and thickness of the grouting reinforcement zone and buffer layers were discussed, and some engineering significant conclusions were generated. With larger elastic modulus and greater thickness, the dynamic stress concentration factor of the initial and second linings decreased, but the best ratio of the elastic modulus of the grouting reinforced region and surrounding rock was greater than 2, and the optimal thickness of the grouting reinforced zone was no larger than 0.5 tunnel diameters. With low elastic modulus, the buffer layers set between the initial and second linings, the dynamic stress concentrations factor of both the initial and second linings decreased. With buffer layers between the initial and second linings the dynamic stress concentration factor of the second lining decreased, however the dynamic stress concentration factor of the initial lining increased. With lower elastic modulus and greater thickness of the buffer layers, the dynamic stress concentration factor of the second lining effectively decreased,and the best ratio of the elastic modulus of the buffer layers and surrounding rock was below 1/10~1/20, and the optimal thickness of the buffer layers was no larger than 0.2m. The research conclusions can provide references on the shock and sorption design of tunnels, which has an important practical engineering significance.
Based on the wave function expansion method, the dynamic response analysis of deep soft rock cylindrical composite-lining tunnels with grouting reinforcement and buffer layers in an elastic space subjected to incident plane SH waves were studied. Then the factors affecting the dynamic stress concentration factor of the lining structures, such as the elastic modulus and thickness of the grouting reinforcement zone and buffer layers were discussed, and some engineering significant conclusions were generated. With larger elastic modulus and greater thickness, the dynamic stress concentration factor of the initial and second linings decreased, but the best ratio of the elastic modulus of the grouting reinforced region and surrounding rock was greater than 2, and the optimal thickness of the grouting reinforced zone was no larger than 0.5 tunnel diameters. With low elastic modulus, the buffer layers set between the initial and second linings, the dynamic stress concentrations factor of both the initial and second linings decreased. With buffer layers between the initial and second linings the dynamic stress concentration factor of the second lining decreased, however the dynamic stress concentration factor of the initial lining increased. With lower elastic modulus and greater thickness of the buffer layers, the dynamic stress concentration factor of the second lining effectively decreased,and the best ratio of the elastic modulus of the buffer layers and surrounding rock was below 1/10~1/20, and the optimal thickness of the buffer layers was no larger than 0.2m. The research conclusions can provide references on the shock and sorption design of tunnels, which has an important practical engineering significance.
引文
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[7]Mao C C,Pao Y H.The diffraction of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentrations[M].New York:Crane,Russak&Company Inc.,1972
[8]纪晓东,梁建文,杨建江.地下圆形衬砌洞室在平面P波和SV波入射下动应力集中问题的级数解[J].天津大学学报,2006,39(5):511-517(Ji Xiaodong,Liang Jianwen,Yang Jianjiang.On dynamic stress concentration of an underground cylindrical lined cavity subjected to incident plane P and SV waves[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2006,39(5):511-517(in Chinese))
[9]李刚,钟启凯,尚守平.平面SH波入射下深埋圆形组合衬砌洞室的动力反应分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,37(1):17-22(Li Gang,Zhong Qikai,Shang Shouping.Dynamic response analysis of deep buried cylindrical composite-lining cavity subjected to incident plane SH waves[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2010,37(1):17-22(in Chinese))
[10]鲍亦兴,毛昭宙.弹性波的衍射与动应力集中[M].北京:科学出版社,1993(Bao Yixing,Mao Zhaozhou.Diffraction of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentrations[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993(in Chinese))
[2]陈七林.软弱围岩隧道抗震设防措施[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(6):1-5(Chen Qilin.Aseismic fortification measures for tunnels in soft surrounding rock[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2011,48(6):1-5(in Chinese))
[3]王明年.高烈度地震区地下结构减震技术原理的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,1999(WANG Mingnian.Theoretical research of substructure aseismatic technology for high seismic zone[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,1999(in Chinese))
[4]申玉生,高波,王峥峥.强震区山岭隧道振动台模型试验破坏形态分析[J].工程力学,2009,26(S1):62–66(Sheng Yusheng,Gao Bo,Wang Zhengzheng.Failure mode analysis of mountain tunnel shake table test in high-intensity earthquake area[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(S1):62–66(in Chinese))
[5]李育枢,李天斌,王栋,等.黄草坪2#隧道洞口段减震措施的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1128–1135(Li Yushu,Li Tianbin,Wang Dong,et al.Large-scale shaking table test for vibration-absorption measures of portal section of Huangcaoping tunnel No.2[J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(6):1128–1135(in Chinese))
[6]蒋树屏,蒋华,王晓雯,等.高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段地震响应分析[J].公路,2009,(2):194–198(Jiang Shuping,Jiang Hua,Wang Xiaowen,et al.Analysis of seismic response in tunnel entrance of highway in seismic region with strong motion[J].Highway,2009,(2):194–198(in Chinese))
[7]Mao C C,Pao Y H.The diffraction of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentrations[M].New York:Crane,Russak&Company Inc.,1972
[8]纪晓东,梁建文,杨建江.地下圆形衬砌洞室在平面P波和SV波入射下动应力集中问题的级数解[J].天津大学学报,2006,39(5):511-517(Ji Xiaodong,Liang Jianwen,Yang Jianjiang.On dynamic stress concentration of an underground cylindrical lined cavity subjected to incident plane P and SV waves[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2006,39(5):511-517(in Chinese))
[9]李刚,钟启凯,尚守平.平面SH波入射下深埋圆形组合衬砌洞室的动力反应分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,37(1):17-22(Li Gang,Zhong Qikai,Shang Shouping.Dynamic response analysis of deep buried cylindrical composite-lining cavity subjected to incident plane SH waves[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2010,37(1):17-22(in Chinese))
[10]鲍亦兴,毛昭宙.弹性波的衍射与动应力集中[M].北京:科学出版社,1993(Bao Yixing,Mao Zhaozhou.Diffraction of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentrations[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993(in Chinese))
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