高速列车振动荷载下水泥改良黄土动力学试验
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摘要
结合大同—西安高速铁路建设,选取该线路数个不同地貌单元的典型黄土路段采集试验样品,在GDS高级动态三轴测试系统上进行了水泥改良黄土的动力特性室内试验研究。采用正交试验法以优化试验方案。动荷载按照不同黄土层的埋深深度以火车振动衰减规律求取,土样按照不同水泥掺量经击实获得,经过长时间、多振次的动力学试验后获得水泥改良黄土的动弹模、动阻尼以及振陷量;进而探讨土层埋深、水泥掺和比、压实系数、浸水条件和振动次数对土样动力特性参数影响的主次顺序及显著性程度,找出工程最优化方案。结果表明:影响水泥改良黄土振陷量的各因素的主次顺序为:水泥比>浸水条件>振动次数>深度>压实系数,水泥比和浸水条件影响显著,其它因素无显著影响;动弹性模量影响因素主次顺序:深度>浸水条件>水泥比>振动次数>压实系数,深度和浸水条件影响高度显著;阻尼比影响因素主次顺序:浸水条件>水泥比>振动次数>压实系数>深度,水泥比和浸水条件影响高度显著。随着水泥比的增加水泥改良黄土动力特性越好,不存在最优水泥配合比。
In this paper dynamic triaxial tests were performed to explore the order and contribution rate of experiment factors such as depth,cement commingle ratio,compacting factor,water-dipping conditions,and vibration frequency on the dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess including dynamic deformation,dynamic elastic modulus,and damping ratio.On the basis of the foundation construction of the Datong-Xi'an high-speed railway,a large number of test samples have been obtained that include typical loess profiles of various geomorphic units.The dynamic parameters of cement-improved loess were tested on the GDS advanced dynamic triaxial test system at the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics.The orthogonal test method was applied to optimize testing.The dynamic load was calculated according to the train vibration attenuation rule of various depths.Loess samples of various cement ratios were created through compaction tests.The dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess such as dynamic deformation,dynamic elastic modulus,and damping ratio were determined from dynamic tests that included lengthy periods and a large number of cycles.The results showed that within the test factor level range,the primary and secondary order of factors that affected the vibrated subsidence were cement ratio > water-dipping conditions > vibration frequency > depth > compacting factor.In addition,cement ratio and water-dipping conditions showed significant influence on dynamic deformation.The primary and secondary order of factors that affected the dynamic elastic modulus were depth > water-dipping conditions > cement ratio > vibration frequency > compacting factor.In addition,depth and submerged conditions showed significant influence.The primary and secondary order of factors that affected the damping ratio were submerged condition situation > cement ratio > vibration frequency > compacting factor > depth.In addition,cement ratio and submerged conditions showed highly significant influence.Therefore,an increase in cement ratio results in a significant improvement in the dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess;no optimal ratio of cement was noted.
In this paper dynamic triaxial tests were performed to explore the order and contribution rate of experiment factors such as depth,cement commingle ratio,compacting factor,water-dipping conditions,and vibration frequency on the dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess including dynamic deformation,dynamic elastic modulus,and damping ratio.On the basis of the foundation construction of the Datong-Xi'an high-speed railway,a large number of test samples have been obtained that include typical loess profiles of various geomorphic units.The dynamic parameters of cement-improved loess were tested on the GDS advanced dynamic triaxial test system at the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics.The orthogonal test method was applied to optimize testing.The dynamic load was calculated according to the train vibration attenuation rule of various depths.Loess samples of various cement ratios were created through compaction tests.The dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess such as dynamic deformation,dynamic elastic modulus,and damping ratio were determined from dynamic tests that included lengthy periods and a large number of cycles.The results showed that within the test factor level range,the primary and secondary order of factors that affected the vibrated subsidence were cement ratio > water-dipping conditions > vibration frequency > depth > compacting factor.In addition,cement ratio and water-dipping conditions showed significant influence on dynamic deformation.The primary and secondary order of factors that affected the dynamic elastic modulus were depth > water-dipping conditions > cement ratio > vibration frequency > compacting factor.In addition,depth and submerged conditions showed significant influence.The primary and secondary order of factors that affected the damping ratio were submerged condition situation > cement ratio > vibration frequency > compacting factor > depth.In addition,cement ratio and submerged conditions showed highly significant influence.Therefore,an increase in cement ratio results in a significant improvement in the dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess;no optimal ratio of cement was noted.
引文
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[16]许海勇,陈龙珠.钢管水泥土围护墙等效弹性模量的有限元计算[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):261-264.XU Hai-yong,CHAN Long-zhu.Finite Element Analysis onthe Equivalent Elastic Modulus of Cemented Soil RetainingWall Embedded with Steel Pipes[J].Northwestern seismolog-ical journal,2011,33(3):261-264.
[17]周中,巢万里,刘宝琛,等.岩石边坡生态种植基强度的正交试验[J],中南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,36(6):1112-1116.ZHOU Zhong,CHAO Wan-li,LIU Baoshen,et al.Orthogo-nal test on strength of planting material for rock slope[J].CENT.SOUTH UNIV.(Science and Technology),2005,36(6):1112-1116.
[18]北京大学数学力学系数学专业概率统计组.正交设计[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1976:180.
[2]Osula D O A.A comparative evaluation of cement and limemodification of laterite[J].Engineering Geology,1996,42(1):71-81.
[3]Al-Abdul Wahhab H I,Asi I M.Improvement of marl anddune sand for highway construction in arid areas[J].Building,1997,32(3):271-279.
[4]王军,丁光亚,潘林有,等.静三轴试验中水泥土力学特性及本构模型研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(5):1407-1412.WANG Jun,WANG Guang-ya,PAN Lin-you,et al.Study ofmechanics behavior and constitutive model of cemented soil un-der static triaxial tests[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(5):1407-1412.
[5]韩文斌,王元汉.京沪高速铁路路基基床填料改良试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20:1910-1916.HAN Wen-bin,WANG Yuan-han.Testing Study on Modifica-tion of Railway Roadbed for Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Rail-way[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,20:1910-1916.
[6]张军丽,刘保健.水泥黄土的力学特性试验研究[J].西安公路交通大学学报,1999,19(2):6-9.ZHANG Jun-li,LIU Bao-jian.The Experiment Research on theCharacterics of Cement Loess[J].Journal of Xi'an Highway U-niversity,1999,19(2):6-9.
[7]刘保健,陈鹏郎,达马:水泥黄土的应力—应变本构方程[J].西安公路交通大学学报,1999,19(3):27-30.LIU Bao-jian,CHEN Peng-lang,DA Ma.The Stress-strainConstitutional Equation of Loess-cement[J].Journal of Xi'anHighway University,1999,19(3):27-30.
[8]雷华阳,刘景锦,霍海峰.不同应力水平下结构性黏土动力特性试验研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):228-232.LEI Hua-yang,LIU Jing-jin,Huo Hai-feng.ExperimentalStudy on Dynamic Properties of Structural Soft Clay with Differ-ent Stress Level[J].Northwestern seismological journal,2011,33(3):228-232.
[9]王志杰,骆亚生,谭东岳,等.干密度对预剪应力下重塑黄土动力特性影响的试验研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(4):349-353.WANG Zhi-jie,LUO Ya-sheng,TAN Dong-yue,et al.Experi-mental Study on the Effects of Dry Density on Dynamic Proper-ties of Remodeled Loess under Condition of Pre-shearing Stress[J].Northwestern Seismological journal,2011,33(4):349-353.
[10]闫春岭,唐益群.地铁荷载下粉性土动力特性研究进展[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(2):200-205.YAN Chun-ling,TANG Yi-qun.Advances in Researches onDynamic Properties of Silty Soil under Subway Loading[J].Northwestern Seismological journal,2011,33(2):200-205.
[11]杨广庆.水泥改良土的动力特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(7):1156-1160.YANG Guang-qing.Study of Dynamic Performance of Cement-Improved Soil[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2003,22(7):1156-1160.
[12]杨广庆,管振祥.高速铁路路基改良填料的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(6):682-685.YANG Guang-qing,GUAN Zhen-xiang.Experimental studyon improved soil for high-speed railway subgrade[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(6):682-685.
[13]蔡袁强,梁旭,李坤.水泥土—土复合试样的动力特性[J].水利学报,2003,10:19-25.CAI Yuan-qiang,LIANG Xu,LI Kun.Dynamic characteris-tics of composite sample of cemented clay-clay[J].SHUI LIXUE BAO,2003,10:19-25.
[14]王炳龙,卢德生,等.高速铁路路基填料改良离心试验研究[J].上海铁道大学学报,1999,20(10):22-26.WANG Bing-long,LU De-sheng,et al.Centrifugal ModelTest for Improvement of Subgrade Filled Soil in High SpeedRailway[J].Journal of Shanghai Tiedao University,1999,20(10):22-26.
[15]蒋关鲁,房立凤,张俊兵,等.高速水泥改良黄土路基填料填筑试验研究[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(1):1-7.JIANG Guan-lu,FANG Li-feng,ZHANG Jun-bing,et al.Test Study on Cement Improved Loess as the Filling Materialfor Subgrade Construction of Passenger Dedicated Line[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(1):1-7.
[16]许海勇,陈龙珠.钢管水泥土围护墙等效弹性模量的有限元计算[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(3):261-264.XU Hai-yong,CHAN Long-zhu.Finite Element Analysis onthe Equivalent Elastic Modulus of Cemented Soil RetainingWall Embedded with Steel Pipes[J].Northwestern seismolog-ical journal,2011,33(3):261-264.
[17]周中,巢万里,刘宝琛,等.岩石边坡生态种植基强度的正交试验[J],中南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,36(6):1112-1116.ZHOU Zhong,CHAO Wan-li,LIU Baoshen,et al.Orthogo-nal test on strength of planting material for rock slope[J].CENT.SOUTH UNIV.(Science and Technology),2005,36(6):1112-1116.
[18]北京大学数学力学系数学专业概率统计组.正交设计[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1976:180.
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