城市轨道交通规划环评中的文物振动影响评价
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摘要
城市轨道交通在带来交通便利的同时,其建设和运营引发的环境问题也日益突出,尤其是运营期间的振动对沿线文物的影响已经成为线路布设的重要约束条件。在梳理中国文物保护法规条例对城市轨道交通规划布局要求的基础上,分析当前轨道交通规划环评工作中文物振动影响评价存在的问题和难点,包括部分类型文物的振动影响无法评估、评价技术规范不易掌握和运用、城市轨道交通规划内容不够具体、城市地质土质条件差异较大等。最后,针对上述问题从完善细化导则规范及评价方法、类比土质参数等方面提出建议和对策。
While urban rail transit improves convenience of transportation, environmental issues due to rail construction and operation have become ever protruding. In particular, the impact on cultural relics along the route caused by the operation vibration has become an important restriction for the layout of rail transit lines. Based on the requirements of heritage conservation law in China on urban rail transit planning, this paper analyzes issues and difficulties in evaluating the vibration impact on cultural relics in the current environment impact assessment of rail transit planning. Major issues include unavailable assessment on certain types of cultural relics, insufficient usage of related evaluation specifications, non- detailed urban rail transit planning, and significant differences in geological and soil conditions between cities. Finally, the paper provides suggestions to address these issues from several aspects, including improving specifications and evaluation methodologies, and analogizing the parameters of soil texture, and etc.
While urban rail transit improves convenience of transportation, environmental issues due to rail construction and operation have become ever protruding. In particular, the impact on cultural relics along the route caused by the operation vibration has become an important restriction for the layout of rail transit lines. Based on the requirements of heritage conservation law in China on urban rail transit planning, this paper analyzes issues and difficulties in evaluating the vibration impact on cultural relics in the current environment impact assessment of rail transit planning. Major issues include unavailable assessment on certain types of cultural relics, insufficient usage of related evaluation specifications, non- detailed urban rail transit planning, and significant differences in geological and soil conditions between cities. Finally, the paper provides suggestions to address these issues from several aspects, including improving specifications and evaluation methodologies, and analogizing the parameters of soil texture, and etc.
引文
[1]秦国栋.新时期城市轨道交通发展的思考[J].城市交通,2006,4(2):1-5.Qin Guodong.Thinking on the New-Era Urban Rail Transit Development[J].Urban Transport of China,2006,4(2):1-5.
[2]周立新,李英.我国城市轨道交通发展高潮中的冷思考[J].城市交通,2005,3(2):29-33.Zhou Lixin,Li Ying.Calm Thoughts on the Speed Development of Urban Rail Transit in China[J].Urban Transport of China,2005,3(2):29-33.
[3]中国城市轨道交通协会.我国城轨运营总里程统计数据[EB/OL].2013[2014-01-06].http://www.camet.org.cn/sjtj/201301/t20130111_172632.htm.
[4]伍建国,徐明,王安理,郑博.西安市轨道交通周边文物保护问题研究与实践[J].都市快轨交通,2011,24(5):38-42.Wu Jianguo,Xu Ming,Wang Anli,Zheng Bo.On the Protection of Cultural Relics around Xi’an Subway[J].Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011,24(5):38-42.
[5]潘复兰.古建筑防工业振动的研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2008,20(S1):104-108.Pan Fulan.Study on Protection of Historic Building Against Man-made Vibration[J].Science of Conservation and Archaeology,2008,20(S1):104-108.
[6]贾颖绚,郭猛,刘维宁,张新金,刘卫丰.列车振动荷载对古建筑的动力影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2009,33(1):118-122.Jia Yingxuan,Guo Meng,Liu Weining,Zhang Xinjin,Liu Weifeng.Dynamic Effect of Traininduced Vibration on Historic Buildings[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2009,33(1):118-122.
[7]马蒙,刘维宁,丁德云.地铁列车引起的振动对西安钟楼的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2010,34(4):88-92.Ma Meng,Liu Weining,Ding Deyun.Influence of Metro Train-induced Vibration on Xi’an Bell Tower[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2010,34(4):88-92.
[8]陈爱侠,董小林,杨莉.城市地铁项目建设对古建筑的影响[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2007,24(1):80-83.Chen Aixia,Dong Xiaolin,Yang Li.Influence of Urban Subway Project Construction on Heritage Buildings[J].Journal of Architectrue and Civil Engineering,2007,24(1):80-83.
[9]钱春宇,郑建国,宋春雨.西安钟楼台基受地铁运行振动响应的分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(S1):177-181.Qian Chunyu,Zheng Jianguo,Song Chunyu.Dynamic Response Analysis of Bell Tower Foundation Induced by Train Running on Metro in Xi’an[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(S1):177-181.
[10]HJ/T 453—2008环境影响评价技术导则城市轨道交通[S].
[11]GB/T 50452—2008古建筑防工业振动技术规范[S].
[2]周立新,李英.我国城市轨道交通发展高潮中的冷思考[J].城市交通,2005,3(2):29-33.Zhou Lixin,Li Ying.Calm Thoughts on the Speed Development of Urban Rail Transit in China[J].Urban Transport of China,2005,3(2):29-33.
[3]中国城市轨道交通协会.我国城轨运营总里程统计数据[EB/OL].2013[2014-01-06].http://www.camet.org.cn/sjtj/201301/t20130111_172632.htm.
[4]伍建国,徐明,王安理,郑博.西安市轨道交通周边文物保护问题研究与实践[J].都市快轨交通,2011,24(5):38-42.Wu Jianguo,Xu Ming,Wang Anli,Zheng Bo.On the Protection of Cultural Relics around Xi’an Subway[J].Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011,24(5):38-42.
[5]潘复兰.古建筑防工业振动的研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2008,20(S1):104-108.Pan Fulan.Study on Protection of Historic Building Against Man-made Vibration[J].Science of Conservation and Archaeology,2008,20(S1):104-108.
[6]贾颖绚,郭猛,刘维宁,张新金,刘卫丰.列车振动荷载对古建筑的动力影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2009,33(1):118-122.Jia Yingxuan,Guo Meng,Liu Weining,Zhang Xinjin,Liu Weifeng.Dynamic Effect of Traininduced Vibration on Historic Buildings[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2009,33(1):118-122.
[7]马蒙,刘维宁,丁德云.地铁列车引起的振动对西安钟楼的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2010,34(4):88-92.Ma Meng,Liu Weining,Ding Deyun.Influence of Metro Train-induced Vibration on Xi’an Bell Tower[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2010,34(4):88-92.
[8]陈爱侠,董小林,杨莉.城市地铁项目建设对古建筑的影响[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2007,24(1):80-83.Chen Aixia,Dong Xiaolin,Yang Li.Influence of Urban Subway Project Construction on Heritage Buildings[J].Journal of Architectrue and Civil Engineering,2007,24(1):80-83.
[9]钱春宇,郑建国,宋春雨.西安钟楼台基受地铁运行振动响应的分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(S1):177-181.Qian Chunyu,Zheng Jianguo,Song Chunyu.Dynamic Response Analysis of Bell Tower Foundation Induced by Train Running on Metro in Xi’an[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(S1):177-181.
[10]HJ/T 453—2008环境影响评价技术导则城市轨道交通[S].
[11]GB/T 50452—2008古建筑防工业振动技术规范[S].
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