基于信息量模型的玉树地震次生地质灾害危险性评价
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摘要
2010-04-14发生在青海省玉树的Ms7.1级地震引发了大量的地质灾害。基于GIS技术和信息量模型方法,以坡度、坡向、高程、坡形、地貌类型、断层距和地层岩性为评价因子,通过空间分析计算各因子的信息量,分析地质灾害在各因子中的空间分布特征,对各评价因子图层进行空间建模,将获取的信息量图划分为高度、中度、轻度三级危险区,通过遥感解译研究区实际滑坡分布,与危险性分布图叠加表明:本次研究得出的危险等级与实际的滑坡发生情况相吻合,为灾区重建提供参考依据。
Yushu Ms7.1 earthquake,occurred on 14 April 2010 in Qinghai province induced a kind of secondary geological disasters.Based on GIS and information value methodology,taking the factors including slope,aspect,altitude,morphology,slope characteristics,geomorphologic types,fault and lithology as assessment factors,information value of secondary geological disasters in different assessment factors was calculated by means of ArcGIS.Then the spatial distribution of secondary geological disasters in each of assessment factors was discussed.Space model for each map layer of assessment factors was performed.Information value map was calculated and categorized into three classes,specifically,"low","moderate","high".According to the disasters acquired from remote sensing overlayed on the Information value map,the result can be summarized as follows.The hazard classes calculated by GIS and information value methodology preferably inosculate with field surveying.The result of this paper can provide the valid basis for the reconstruction of Yushu earthquake area in future.
Yushu Ms7.1 earthquake,occurred on 14 April 2010 in Qinghai province induced a kind of secondary geological disasters.Based on GIS and information value methodology,taking the factors including slope,aspect,altitude,morphology,slope characteristics,geomorphologic types,fault and lithology as assessment factors,information value of secondary geological disasters in different assessment factors was calculated by means of ArcGIS.Then the spatial distribution of secondary geological disasters in each of assessment factors was discussed.Space model for each map layer of assessment factors was performed.Information value map was calculated and categorized into three classes,specifically,"low","moderate","high".According to the disasters acquired from remote sensing overlayed on the Information value map,the result can be summarized as follows.The hazard classes calculated by GIS and information value methodology preferably inosculate with field surveying.The result of this paper can provide the valid basis for the reconstruction of Yushu earthquake area in future.
引文
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[19]Cheng Weiming,Zhou Chenghu,Chai Huixia,et al.Quantitativeextraction and analysis of basic morphological types of land geomor-phology in China[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2009,11(6):725-736[程维明,周成虎,柴慧霞,等.中国陆地地貌基本形态类型定量提取与分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(6):725-736]
[2]Sun Chongshao Cai Hongwei.Developing and distributing character-istics of collapses and landslides during strong historic earthquake inChina[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,1997,6(1):25-30[孙崇绍,蔡红卫.我国历史地震时滑坡崩塌的发育及分布特征[J].自然灾害学报,1997,6(1):25-30]
[3]Chen Xiaoli,Ran Hongliu.Triggering factors susceptibility of earth-quake-induced landslides in 1976 Longling Earthquake[J].ActaScientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2008,2:50-56[陈晓利,冉洪流.1976年龙陵地震诱发滑坡的影响因子敏感性分析[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,网络版(预印本),2008,2:50-56]
[4]Su Qiang.Research on Loess landslide hazard zonation based onDEM[D].2006[苏强.基于DEM的黄土滑坡危险性评价研究[D].2006]
[5]Qi Shengwen,Xu Qiang,Liu Chunling,et al.Slope instabilities inthe severest disaster areas of 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(1):39-49[祁生文,许强,刘春玲,等.汶川地震极重灾区地质背景及次生斜坡灾害空间发育规律[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):39-49]
[6]Huang Runqiu,Li Weile.Fault effect analysis of geo-hazard trig-gered by Wenchaun earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geolo-gy,2009,17(1):19-28[黄润秋,李为乐.汶川大地震触发地质灾害的断层效应分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):19-28]
[7]Han,J.L.,Wu,S.R.,He,S.J.,et al.Basal characteristics and for-mation mechanisms of geological hazards triggered by the May 12,2008 Wenchuan earthquake with amoment magnitude of 8.0[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2009,16(3):306-326
[8]Huang Runqiu,Li Weile.Research on development and distributionrules of geohazards induced by Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May,2008[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2592[黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592]
[9]Zhang Yong-shuang,Lei Wei-zhi,Shi Ju-song,et al.General char-acteristics of 5.12 earthquake-induced geohazards in SichuanI[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):109-116[张永双,雷伟志,石菊松,等.四川5.12地震次生地质灾害的基本特征初析[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):109-116]
[10]Du Jun,Yang Qing-hua,Yan Jia,et al.Hazard evaluation of sec-ondary geological disaster based on GIS and information valuemethod[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosci-ences,2010,35(2):324-330[杜军,杨青华,等,基于GIS与信息量模型的汶川次生地质灾害危险性评价[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2010,35(2):324-330]
[11]Anbalagan,R.Landslide hazard evaluation and zonation mappingin mountainous terrain[J].Engineering Geology,1992,32:269~277
[12]Tang Hong-mei,Lin Xiao-song,Chen Hong-kai,et al.Risk zonin-gassessment of geological disaster in Wanzhou area,Chongqing City[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2004,(15):1-5[唐红梅,林孝松,陈洪凯,等.重庆万州区地质灾害危险性分区及评价[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,(15):1-5]
[13]R.Greco,M.Sorriso-Valvo,E.Catalano.Logistic Regression a-nalysis in the evaluation of mass movements susceptibility:the as-promonte case study,Calabria,Italy[J].Engineering Geology,2007,89:47-66
[14]Lin,M.L.,Tung,C.C.A GIS-based potential analysis of the land-slides induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Engineering Geolo-gy,2003,71(1-2):63-77
[15]Ruan S Y,Huang R Q.Application of GIS-based information-model on assessment of geological hazards risk[J].Journal ofChengdu University of Technology,2001,28(1):89-92[阮沈勇,黄润秋.基于GIS的信息量法模型在地质灾害危险性区划中的应用[J].成都理工学院学报,2001,28(1):89-92]
[16]Wei Cheng-jie,Liu Ya-lan,Wang Shi-xin,et al.Investigation andassessment of damage in earthquake Wenchuan Sichuan quakebased on remote sensing[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,(05):673-682[魏成阶,刘亚岚,王世新,等.四川汶川大地震震害遥感调查与评估[J].遥感学报,2008,(05):673-682]
[17]Zhuo Baoxi.Remote Sensing interpretation&application of geologyengineering[M].Beijing:China Railway PublishingHouse,2002[卓宝熙.工程地质遥感判释与应用[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002]
[18]Su Feng-huan,Liu Hong-jiang,Han Yong-shun,et al.The extrac-tion of mountain hazard induced by Wenchuan earthquake and a-nalysis of its distributing Characteristic[J].Journal of RemoteSensing,2008,12(6):956-963[苏凤环,刘洪江,韩用顺.汶川地震山地灾害遥感快速提取及其分布特点分析[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):956-963]
[19]Cheng Weiming,Zhou Chenghu,Chai Huixia,et al.Quantitativeextraction and analysis of basic morphological types of land geomor-phology in China[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2009,11(6):725-736[程维明,周成虎,柴慧霞,等.中国陆地地貌基本形态类型定量提取与分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(6):725-736]
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