逆断层粘滑错动对公路隧道的影响
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摘要
结合大量地震断层的案例,针对逆断层倾角为75°,60°,45°三种工况通过模型试验研究不同倾角逆断层粘滑错动下隧道应变分布规律和整个破坏过程.试验结果表明:断层倾角越小,上盘范围内隧道顶部的纵向拉应变越大,并且拉应变进入过载状态时的错动位移值越小.当断层倾角为75°时,隧道的主要破坏形式为直接剪切破坏;当断层倾角为45°时,隧道的破坏形式以弯曲拉破坏为主;45°倾角工况下隧道的破坏范围为上盘距离断层面2.0 D(D为隧道洞径)至下盘距离断层面0.2 D,75°倾角工况下隧道的破坏范围为上盘距离断层面0.8 D至下盘距离断层面0.4 D.
Based on a survey of earthquake fault cases and a model experiment,a research was made of the effect of the thrust fault stick-slip dislocation at different inclination angles in road tunnels.The experiment results show that the samller the fault inclination angle is,the larger the longitudinal extensive strain of the tunnel top is;the main failure mode of tunnel lining caused by the stick-slip dislocation of the thrust fault is the direct-shear breakage at the fault inclination angle of 75°,and that of the thrust fault is the bent extension breakage at the fault inclination angle of 45°.The tunnel failure range is 2.0D(D is the diameter of the tunnel) away from the fault in the hanging wall to 0.2D away from the fault in the foot wall,when the inclination angle is 45°.The tunnel failure range is 0.8D away from the fault in the hanging wall to 0.4D away from the fault in the foot wall,when the inclination angle of the fault is 75°.
Based on a survey of earthquake fault cases and a model experiment,a research was made of the effect of the thrust fault stick-slip dislocation at different inclination angles in road tunnels.The experiment results show that the samller the fault inclination angle is,the larger the longitudinal extensive strain of the tunnel top is;the main failure mode of tunnel lining caused by the stick-slip dislocation of the thrust fault is the direct-shear breakage at the fault inclination angle of 75°,and that of the thrust fault is the bent extension breakage at the fault inclination angle of 45°.The tunnel failure range is 2.0D(D is the diameter of the tunnel) away from the fault in the hanging wall to 0.2D away from the fault in the foot wall,when the inclination angle is 45°.The tunnel failure range is 0.8D away from the fault in the hanging wall to 0.4D away from the fault in the foot wall,when the inclination angle of the fault is 75°.
引文
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[3]朱小明,刘明.断层角度对隧道纵向稳定性影响的数值模拟[J].徐州建筑职业技术学院学报,2007,7(4):17.ZHU Xiaoming,LIU Ming.Numerical simulation of influencesof fault angulation on tunnel longitudinal stability[J].XuzhouInstitute of Architectural Technology,2007,7(4):17.
[4]LIN Minglang,CHUNG Chunfu,JENG Fushu,et al.Thedeformation of overburden soil induced by thrust faulting and itsimpact on underground tunnels[J].Engineering Geology,2007,92:110.
[5]王瑞民,罗奇峰.阪神地震中地下结构和隧道的破坏现象浅析[J].灾害学,1998,13(2):63.WANG Ruimin,LUO Qifeng.Analysis on the damage tounderground structure and tunnel in Kobe are caused by HanshinEarthquake[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1998,13(2):63.
[6]皇民,刘马群,王安华,等.隧道地震破坏的主要形式及影响因素分析[J].交通科技与经济,2010(1):60.HUANG Min,LIU Maqun,WANG Anhua,et al.The researchof tunnel earthquake damage forms and the reasons[J].Technology&Economy in Areas of Communications,2010(1):60.
[7]王文礼,苏灼谨,林峻弘,等.台湾集集大地震山岳隧道受损情形之探讨[J].现代隧道技术,2001,38(2):52.WANG Wenli,SU Zhuojin,LIN Junhong,et al.Discussion ondamaged extent of mountainous tunnels due to earthquake,Taiwan[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2001,38(2):52.
[8]李天斌.汶川特大地震中山岭隧道变形破坏特征及影响因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):742.LI Tianbin.Failure characteristics and influence factor analysisof mountain tunnels at epicenter zones of great WenchuanEarthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):742.
[9]汪成兵,付艳斌,叶飞.隧道工程模型试验研究进展[J].现代隧道技术,2006(增刊1):720.WANG Chengbing,FU Yanbin,YE Fei.Progress of tunnelmodel experiment research[J]Modern Tunneling Technology,2006(supp.1):720.
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