西安地铁三号线地裂缝发育特征及活动趋势
摘要
为进一步研究西安地裂缝,给地铁沿线地裂缝的防灾减灾提供科学依据,通过野外地质环境和地质灾害调查,着重查明了西安地铁三号线沿线地裂缝的活动情况和发育特征,并根据与地铁线路的具体交汇特点,将其划分成12个区段进行了详细描述;分析了近年来各区段地裂缝的年活动量及地铁工程的施工与运营对地裂缝活动的影响,并预测了其活动趋势;采用定量计算的方法确定了地裂缝对地铁的影响范围,并在综合分析地铁危害特点的基础上确定了地裂缝与线路相交段的危险性等级。分析结果表明:沿线地裂缝具有成带性和定向性的特点,并且总体有持续发展和进一步连续贯通的活动趋势;其中7个区段地裂缝对地铁的潜在威胁较为严重,应予以高度重视。
In order to research the Xi'an ground fissures and provide a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the disaster along Xi'an subway line 3,the actual activities and developmental characteristics of the fissures were found out emphatically through investigating geological environment and geological disasters in the wild,which were divided into 12 sections according to the intersect situation with the line,then they were described in detail.The annual activity of cracks and the impact of activity caused by the construction and operation of subway were analyzed,the activity trend was predicted.The influenced range of ground fissures on the subway was confirmed by quantitative calculation,meanwhile,the risk of intersect situation with the line was graded on the basis of analyzing the risk characteristics to the subway comprehensively.The results show that the ground fissures along Xi'an subway line 3 have the banded and directional features,meanwhile,they have the trend of sustainable development to get net work further.There are 7 sections having greater threat to the subway,which should be paid more attention.
In order to research the Xi'an ground fissures and provide a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the disaster along Xi'an subway line 3,the actual activities and developmental characteristics of the fissures were found out emphatically through investigating geological environment and geological disasters in the wild,which were divided into 12 sections according to the intersect situation with the line,then they were described in detail.The annual activity of cracks and the impact of activity caused by the construction and operation of subway were analyzed,the activity trend was predicted.The influenced range of ground fissures on the subway was confirmed by quantitative calculation,meanwhile,the risk of intersect situation with the line was graded on the basis of analyzing the risk characteristics to the subway comprehensively.The results show that the ground fissures along Xi'an subway line 3 have the banded and directional features,meanwhile,they have the trend of sustainable development to get net work further.There are 7 sections having greater threat to the subway,which should be paid more attention.
引文
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[15]黄强兵,彭建兵,樊红卫,等.西安地裂缝对地铁隧道的危害及防治措施研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(5):781-788.HUANG Qiang-bing,PENG Jian-bing,FAN Hong-wei,et al.Metro tunnel hazards induced by activeground fissures in Xian and relevant control measures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(5):781-788.
[2]彭建兵,范文,李喜安,等.汾渭盆地地裂缝成因研究中的若干关键问题[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(4):433-440.PENG Jian-bing,FAN Wen,LI Xi-an,et al.Some keyquestions in the formation of ground fissures in theFen-Wei basin[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(4):433-440.
[3]王景明.地裂缝及其灾害的理论与应用[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,2000.
[4]张家明.西安地裂缝研究[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1990.
[5]王景明.渭河地震带地裂与地震活动的周期性[J].地震学报,1985,7(2):190-201.WANG Jing-ming.Periodicity of ground fissures andearthquakes in the earthquake belt of the Weihe river[J].Seismology and Geology,1985,7(2):190-201.
[6]彭建兵,张骏,苏生瑞,等.渭河盆地活动断裂与地质灾害[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1992.
[7]李永善.西安地裂及渭河盆地活动断层研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[8]长安大学工程设计研究院.西安市城市快速轨道交通二号线详细勘察阶段沿线地裂缝勘察报告[R].西安:长安大学工程设计研究院,2007.
[9]蒋臻蔚,彭建兵,王启耀.西安市地铁三号线不良地质问题及对策研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增2):317-321.JIANG Zhen-wei,PENG Jian-bing,WANG Qi-yao,Adverse geological problems and countermeasure ofXian metro line 3[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(S2):317-321.
[10]彭建兵.汾谓盆地典型地区地裂缝地面沉降监测与防治研究报告[R].西安:长安大学,2009.
[11]门玉明,张结红,刘洪佳,等.西安地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的计算模型探讨[J].地球科学与环境学报,2011,33(1):95-100.MEN Yu-ming,ZHANG Jie-hong,LIU Hong-jia,et al.Discussion on the computing model for Xianmetro tunnel passing through the ground fissure zone[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2011,33(1):95-100.
[12]张勤,丁晓光,黄观文,等.GPS技术在西安市地面沉降与地裂缝监测中的应用[J].全球定位系统,2008,33(6):41-46.ZHANG Qin,DING Xiao-guang,HUANG Guan-wen,et al.Application of monitoring land subsidenceand land fissure in Xian with GPS technique[J].GNSS World of China,2008,33(6):41-46.
[13]李新生,王静,王万平,等.西安地铁二号线沿线地裂缝特征、危害及对策[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(4):463-468.LI Xin-sheng,WANG Jing,WANG Wan-ping,et al.Ground fissures along Xian subway line 2:character-istics,harms and measures[J].Journal of EngineeringGeology,2007,15(4):463-468.
[14]邓亚虹,彭建兵,卢全中,等.地铁工程地质灾害危险性综合评估定量方法[J].地球科学与环境学报,2009,31(3):291-295.DENG Ya-hong,PENG Jian-bing,LU Quan-zhong,et al.Quantification grading method in subway engi-neering risk assessment of geological disasters[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2009,31(3):291-295.
[15]黄强兵,彭建兵,樊红卫,等.西安地裂缝对地铁隧道的危害及防治措施研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(5):781-788.HUANG Qiang-bing,PENG Jian-bing,FAN Hong-wei,et al.Metro tunnel hazards induced by activeground fissures in Xian and relevant control measures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(5):781-788.
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