临空面对爆破震动强度影响的数值研究
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摘要
现有岩体爆破破碎理论中,临空面都发挥着极为重要的作用,利用临空面的破岩作用来达到降震的目的成为研究的重点。然现有研究多是理论探讨和现场试验,数值模拟方面鲜有涉及。本文采用LS-DANY有限元程序,定量分析了不同临空面数量时隧道结构的爆破震动响应,从数值上探讨了临空面对隧道爆破震动响应的影响机理;并结合西康二线小瓢沟隧道爆破开挖施工时既有大瓢沟隧道的振速实测数据,验证了数值模拟的合理性。研究结果表明,隧道爆破开挖施工中临空面的合理构造可有效降低既有结构的震动响应,所得结论亦可为新建隧道钻爆施工方案的优选提供理论依据。
Free surface plays a crucial role in the theory of rock fragmentation by blasting.The effect of free surface on lowering the vibration of blasting has attracted more and more attention.However,most of published research results are mainly those of theoretical study and field blasting experiment,and there is little on numerical simulation.In this paper,using dynamic software LS-DYNA,the effect of free surface on blast-induced vibration response of existing tunnel structure is numerically studied.And the mechanism of the effect is also numerically investigated.Combining the measured vibration velocity data of the existing Dapiaogou tunnel during xiaopiaogou tunnel construction,the applicability of the presented numerical simulation is verified.The results of the study show that the reasonable creation of free surface could effectively reduce the blast-induced vibration response of the existing structure,and the conclusions in this paper also could provide theoretical foundation for the optimization of blasting scheme in new tunnel.
Free surface plays a crucial role in the theory of rock fragmentation by blasting.The effect of free surface on lowering the vibration of blasting has attracted more and more attention.However,most of published research results are mainly those of theoretical study and field blasting experiment,and there is little on numerical simulation.In this paper,using dynamic software LS-DYNA,the effect of free surface on blast-induced vibration response of existing tunnel structure is numerically studied.And the mechanism of the effect is also numerically investigated.Combining the measured vibration velocity data of the existing Dapiaogou tunnel during xiaopiaogou tunnel construction,the applicability of the presented numerical simulation is verified.The results of the study show that the reasonable creation of free surface could effectively reduce the blast-induced vibration response of the existing structure,and the conclusions in this paper also could provide theoretical foundation for the optimization of blasting scheme in new tunnel.
引文
[1]言志信,言浬,江平,等.爆破振动峰值速度预报方法探讨[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(5):179-183.(Yan Zhixin,Yan Li,Jiang Ping,et al.Predictionmethods for blasting-induced ground vibration velocity[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(5):179-183.(in Chinese))
[2]阳生权.爆破地震累积效应理论和应用初步研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2002.(Yang Shengquan.Stud-y on theory and application of blasting vibration cumula-tive effects[D].Changsha:Central South University,2002.(in Chinese))
[3]李夕兵.爆破振动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(Li Xibing.Analysis of blast vi-bration signals-theories and methods[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[4]李彬峰.爆破地震效应及其控制措施分析[J].爆破,2003,20(2):83-85.(Li Binfeng.Analysis ofcontrolling measurement and blasting vibration effect[J].Blasting,2003,20(2):83-85.(in Chinese))
[5]夏红兵,汪海波,宗琦.爆破震动效应控制技术综合分析[J].工程爆破,2007,13(2):83-86.(XiaHongbing,Wang Haibo,Zong Qi.Comprehensive anal-ysis of controlling technology of blasting vibration effect[J].Engineering Blasting,2007,13(2):83-86.(inChinese))
[6]Berta,Giogio.Blasting-induced vibration in tunneling.Tunnel and Underground Space Technology,1994,9(2):175-187.
[7]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.(Ling Tonghua.Blast vibrationeffect and initiative control of vibrational damage[D].Changsha:Central South University,2004.(in Chi-nese))
[8]吴腾芳,王凯.微差爆破技术研究现状[J].爆破,1997,14(1):53-57.(Wu Tengfang,Wang Kai.Summary of current studies on millisecond blasting tech-nique[J].Blasting,1997,14(1):53-57.(in Chi-nese))
[9]吴子骏.微差爆破间隔时间对矿岩破碎影响的研究[J].长沙矿山研究院季刊,1985,5(2):55-61.(Wu Zijun.An investigation on the effect of m/s blas-ting interval-time to rock fragmentation[J].Quarterly ofCIMR,1985,5(2):55-61.(in Chinese))
[10]凌同华,李夕兵,王桂尧.爆破震动灾害主动控制方法研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1439-1 442.(Ling Tonghua,Li Xibing,Wang Guiyao.Astudy on initiative control of blast vibration damages[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1 439-1 442.(in Chinese))
[11]T.N.Hagan.工业爆破中自由面形状、方向及其不平整的重要性[J].矿冶工程,1985,5(7):8-13.(T.N.Hagan.The importance of the shape,orienta-tion and roughness of free faces in commercial blastingoperations[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1985,5(7):8-13.(in Chinese))
[12]张志呈,张顺朝.论工程爆破中自由面与爆破效果的关系[J].西南科技大学学报,2003,18(3):30-33.(Zhang Zhicheng,Zhang Shunchao.On the rela-tionship between the free face and the blasting effect ofengineering blasting[J].Journal of Southwest Univer-sity of Science and Technology,2003,18(3):30-33.(in Chinese))
[13]张建平.自由面数量对爆破振动规律影响实验研究[J].现代矿业,2009,7(7):46-48.(Zhang Jian-ping.On the relationship between the free face and theblasting effect of engineering blasting[J].ModernMining,2009,7(7):46-48.(in Chinese))
[14]方向,高振儒,李的林,等.降低爆破震动效应的几种方法[J].爆破器材,2003,32(3):22-25.(Fang Xiang,Gao Zhenru,Li Delin,et al.Severalmethods to reducing ground vibration effects from blas-ting.Explosive Materials,2003,32(3):22-25.(inChinese))
[15]李洪涛,舒大强.爆破震动衰减规律的影响因素[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2005,38(1):79-82.(Li Hongtao,Shu Daqiang.Influential factors a-nalysis of blasting vibration attenuation law[J].Engi-neering Journal of Wuhan University,2005,38(1):79-82.(in Chinese)))
[16]周维垣.高等岩石力学[M].北京:水力水电出版社,1989.(Zhou Weiyuan.Advanced rock mechanics[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1989.(inChinese))
[17]Wharton R,Formby S,Merrifield R.Air blast TNT e-quivalence for a range of commercial blasting explo-sives[J].Hazard Material,2000,79:31-39.
[2]阳生权.爆破地震累积效应理论和应用初步研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2002.(Yang Shengquan.Stud-y on theory and application of blasting vibration cumula-tive effects[D].Changsha:Central South University,2002.(in Chinese))
[3]李夕兵.爆破振动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(Li Xibing.Analysis of blast vi-bration signals-theories and methods[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[4]李彬峰.爆破地震效应及其控制措施分析[J].爆破,2003,20(2):83-85.(Li Binfeng.Analysis ofcontrolling measurement and blasting vibration effect[J].Blasting,2003,20(2):83-85.(in Chinese))
[5]夏红兵,汪海波,宗琦.爆破震动效应控制技术综合分析[J].工程爆破,2007,13(2):83-86.(XiaHongbing,Wang Haibo,Zong Qi.Comprehensive anal-ysis of controlling technology of blasting vibration effect[J].Engineering Blasting,2007,13(2):83-86.(inChinese))
[6]Berta,Giogio.Blasting-induced vibration in tunneling.Tunnel and Underground Space Technology,1994,9(2):175-187.
[7]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.(Ling Tonghua.Blast vibrationeffect and initiative control of vibrational damage[D].Changsha:Central South University,2004.(in Chi-nese))
[8]吴腾芳,王凯.微差爆破技术研究现状[J].爆破,1997,14(1):53-57.(Wu Tengfang,Wang Kai.Summary of current studies on millisecond blasting tech-nique[J].Blasting,1997,14(1):53-57.(in Chi-nese))
[9]吴子骏.微差爆破间隔时间对矿岩破碎影响的研究[J].长沙矿山研究院季刊,1985,5(2):55-61.(Wu Zijun.An investigation on the effect of m/s blas-ting interval-time to rock fragmentation[J].Quarterly ofCIMR,1985,5(2):55-61.(in Chinese))
[10]凌同华,李夕兵,王桂尧.爆破震动灾害主动控制方法研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1439-1 442.(Ling Tonghua,Li Xibing,Wang Guiyao.Astudy on initiative control of blast vibration damages[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1 439-1 442.(in Chinese))
[11]T.N.Hagan.工业爆破中自由面形状、方向及其不平整的重要性[J].矿冶工程,1985,5(7):8-13.(T.N.Hagan.The importance of the shape,orienta-tion and roughness of free faces in commercial blastingoperations[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1985,5(7):8-13.(in Chinese))
[12]张志呈,张顺朝.论工程爆破中自由面与爆破效果的关系[J].西南科技大学学报,2003,18(3):30-33.(Zhang Zhicheng,Zhang Shunchao.On the rela-tionship between the free face and the blasting effect ofengineering blasting[J].Journal of Southwest Univer-sity of Science and Technology,2003,18(3):30-33.(in Chinese))
[13]张建平.自由面数量对爆破振动规律影响实验研究[J].现代矿业,2009,7(7):46-48.(Zhang Jian-ping.On the relationship between the free face and theblasting effect of engineering blasting[J].ModernMining,2009,7(7):46-48.(in Chinese))
[14]方向,高振儒,李的林,等.降低爆破震动效应的几种方法[J].爆破器材,2003,32(3):22-25.(Fang Xiang,Gao Zhenru,Li Delin,et al.Severalmethods to reducing ground vibration effects from blas-ting.Explosive Materials,2003,32(3):22-25.(inChinese))
[15]李洪涛,舒大强.爆破震动衰减规律的影响因素[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2005,38(1):79-82.(Li Hongtao,Shu Daqiang.Influential factors a-nalysis of blasting vibration attenuation law[J].Engi-neering Journal of Wuhan University,2005,38(1):79-82.(in Chinese)))
[16]周维垣.高等岩石力学[M].北京:水力水电出版社,1989.(Zhou Weiyuan.Advanced rock mechanics[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1989.(inChinese))
[17]Wharton R,Formby S,Merrifield R.Air blast TNT e-quivalence for a range of commercial blasting explo-sives[J].Hazard Material,2000,79:31-39.
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