四川核电站的场地地震安全性评价问题探讨
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摘要
在核电站安全性评价中,场地地震动反应分析是核安全评价中最重要的工作。拟建四川核电站选址于沉积岩地层。沉积岩场地的共同特点是岩体的不均匀性,即成层性,有不同的倾角,各层有不同的物理力学特性,有不同的风化程度,有的位于盆地中,有的位于盆地边缘。这些特性,使场地地震动反应计算更加困难。因此,要准确评价场地条件对地震动反应的影响,就必须解决如下问题:场地软硬程度对地震加速度的放大特性;沉积岩场地的风化程度对场地地震波的放大特性;在盆地中的沉积岩场地的"盆地效应"对地震波的放大特性;地震波本身的随机性;沉积岩场地的地震动反应分析模型及工程分析计算软件研究。
The site seismic response analysis is the most important work in the safety evaluation of nuclear power plant.The proposed Sichuan nuclear power plant is in sedimentary rock strata.The common feature of sedimentary rock strata is the nonuniformity of rock.The strata are characterized by the possesses a different angles,different physical and mechanical characteristics,different weathering degrees,and different lithofacies.These features listed above make the site seismic response analysis more difficult.In order to accurately estimate the strata condition's influence to the seismic response,we studied the following issues: how the rigidity degree of the strata influence to seismic acceleration amplification characteristics,how the weathering degree of sedimentary rock strata influence to seismic waves amplification characteristics,how "Basin effect" influence seismic waves amplification characteristics,the random characteristics of seismic waves of its own,how to design the model on the site seismic response analysis and engineering analysis software in sedimentary rock strata.
The site seismic response analysis is the most important work in the safety evaluation of nuclear power plant.The proposed Sichuan nuclear power plant is in sedimentary rock strata.The common feature of sedimentary rock strata is the nonuniformity of rock.The strata are characterized by the possesses a different angles,different physical and mechanical characteristics,different weathering degrees,and different lithofacies.These features listed above make the site seismic response analysis more difficult.In order to accurately estimate the strata condition's influence to the seismic response,we studied the following issues: how the rigidity degree of the strata influence to seismic acceleration amplification characteristics,how the weathering degree of sedimentary rock strata influence to seismic waves amplification characteristics,how "Basin effect" influence seismic waves amplification characteristics,the random characteristics of seismic waves of its own,how to design the model on the site seismic response analysis and engineering analysis software in sedimentary rock strata.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家标准.核电厂抗震设计规范(GB50267-97)[S].1997.
[2]国家核安全局.核电厂厂址选择安全规定(HAF101)[S].1991.
[3]国家核安全局,国家地震局.核电厂厂址选择中的地震问题(HAD101/01)[S].1994.
[4]国家质量技术监督局.工程场地地震安全性评价技术规范(GB17741-1999)[S].1999.
[5]中华人民共和国国家标准.建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].2008.
[6]Abrahamson NA and Silva WJ.Empirical response spectral at-tenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seis-mological Research Letters,1997,68:94-127.
[7]Anderson JG,Bodin P,Brune JN,Prince J,Singh SK,QuaasR,Onate M.Strong ground motion from the Michoacan,Mexico Earthquake[J].Science,1986,322(4768):1043-1049.
[8]Hadley PK,Askar A,Cajmak AS.Subsoil geology and soilamplification in Mexico valley[J].1991,10(2):101-109.
[9]Hough SE,Friberg PA,Busby R,Field EF,Jacob KH&Borcherdt RD,Sediment-induced amplification and the collapseof the Nimitz Freeway[J].Nature,1990,344:853-855.
[10]Field EH,Johnson PA,Beresnev IA,Zeng Y.Nonlinearground-motion amplification by sediments during the 1994Northrideg earthquake[J].Nature,1998,390:599-602.
[11]Field EH,Zeng Y,Johnson PA,Beresnev IA,Pervasivenonlinear sediment response during the 1994 Northridgeearthquake,observations and finite-source simulations,J.Geophys.Res[R].
[12]Rodriguez-Marek A,Bray JD,Abrahamson N.Task 3:Characterization of site response general site categories[A].Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,PEER re-port[C].1999.03.
[13]Stewart JP,Liu AH,Choi Y,Baturay MB.Amplificationfactors for spectral acceleration in active regions[A].PacificEarthquake Engineering Research Center,PEER 2001/10[C].Dec.2001.
[14]Ashford SA,Sitar N,Lysmer J,Deng N,Topographiceffects on the seismic response of steep slopes[J].Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society of America,1997,87(3):701-709.
[15]Assimaki D,Gazetas G,Kausel E,Effects of local soil condi-tions on the topographic aggravation of seismic motions:Pa-rameters investigation and recorded field evidence from the1999 Athens earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological So-ciety of America,2005,95(3):1059-1089.
[16]Zeng Y,Benites R.Seismic response of multi-layered basinswith velocity gradients upon incidence of plane shear waves[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1990,27(1):15-28.
[17]Wang YB,Takenaka H,Furumura T.Effect of vertical ve-locity gradient on ground motion in a sediment-filled basin dueto incident SV wave[J].Earth Planets Space,2000,52:13-24.
[18]Kawase H.The cause of the damage belt in Kobe:“the ba-sin-edge effect,”constructive interference of the direct S-wave with the basin-induced diffracted/Rayleigh waves[J].Seismological Research Letters,1996,67(5):25-34.
[19]Chin BH and Aki K.Simultaneous study of the source,path,and site effects on strong ground motion during the1989 Loma Prieta earthquake:a preliminary result on perva-sive nonlinear site effects[J].Bulletin Seism.Soc.of Ameri-ca,1991,81(5):1338-1858.
[2]国家核安全局.核电厂厂址选择安全规定(HAF101)[S].1991.
[3]国家核安全局,国家地震局.核电厂厂址选择中的地震问题(HAD101/01)[S].1994.
[4]国家质量技术监督局.工程场地地震安全性评价技术规范(GB17741-1999)[S].1999.
[5]中华人民共和国国家标准.建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].2008.
[6]Abrahamson NA and Silva WJ.Empirical response spectral at-tenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seis-mological Research Letters,1997,68:94-127.
[7]Anderson JG,Bodin P,Brune JN,Prince J,Singh SK,QuaasR,Onate M.Strong ground motion from the Michoacan,Mexico Earthquake[J].Science,1986,322(4768):1043-1049.
[8]Hadley PK,Askar A,Cajmak AS.Subsoil geology and soilamplification in Mexico valley[J].1991,10(2):101-109.
[9]Hough SE,Friberg PA,Busby R,Field EF,Jacob KH&Borcherdt RD,Sediment-induced amplification and the collapseof the Nimitz Freeway[J].Nature,1990,344:853-855.
[10]Field EH,Johnson PA,Beresnev IA,Zeng Y.Nonlinearground-motion amplification by sediments during the 1994Northrideg earthquake[J].Nature,1998,390:599-602.
[11]Field EH,Zeng Y,Johnson PA,Beresnev IA,Pervasivenonlinear sediment response during the 1994 Northridgeearthquake,observations and finite-source simulations,J.Geophys.Res[R].
[12]Rodriguez-Marek A,Bray JD,Abrahamson N.Task 3:Characterization of site response general site categories[A].Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,PEER re-port[C].1999.03.
[13]Stewart JP,Liu AH,Choi Y,Baturay MB.Amplificationfactors for spectral acceleration in active regions[A].PacificEarthquake Engineering Research Center,PEER 2001/10[C].Dec.2001.
[14]Ashford SA,Sitar N,Lysmer J,Deng N,Topographiceffects on the seismic response of steep slopes[J].Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society of America,1997,87(3):701-709.
[15]Assimaki D,Gazetas G,Kausel E,Effects of local soil condi-tions on the topographic aggravation of seismic motions:Pa-rameters investigation and recorded field evidence from the1999 Athens earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological So-ciety of America,2005,95(3):1059-1089.
[16]Zeng Y,Benites R.Seismic response of multi-layered basinswith velocity gradients upon incidence of plane shear waves[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1990,27(1):15-28.
[17]Wang YB,Takenaka H,Furumura T.Effect of vertical ve-locity gradient on ground motion in a sediment-filled basin dueto incident SV wave[J].Earth Planets Space,2000,52:13-24.
[18]Kawase H.The cause of the damage belt in Kobe:“the ba-sin-edge effect,”constructive interference of the direct S-wave with the basin-induced diffracted/Rayleigh waves[J].Seismological Research Letters,1996,67(5):25-34.
[19]Chin BH and Aki K.Simultaneous study of the source,path,and site effects on strong ground motion during the1989 Loma Prieta earthquake:a preliminary result on perva-sive nonlinear site effects[J].Bulletin Seism.Soc.of Ameri-ca,1991,81(5):1338-1858.
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