紧邻多孔交叠盾构隧道施工影响分析
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摘要
紧邻多孔交叠隧道是随着地铁建设的不断深入发展而出现的一种复杂的隧道空间分布形式。依托武汉地铁2号线和4号线工程,针对4孔紧邻交叠隧道,采用三维有限元方法分析了隧道动态施工过程引起的地表变形规律以及后建隧道对已建隧道受力与变形的影响。计算结果表明:隧道埋深对地表变形影响显著;紧邻4孔交叠隧道施工引起的地表最终变形达到了32 mm,超出了规范的限值;隧道埋深越大,引起的地表变形越小,但影响的范围越大;紧邻4孔交叠隧道施工时的影响范围为:前方约为30 m、后方约25 m、单侧约30 m;隧道的变形主要表现为上下压扁,两拱腰外扩,变成倒鸭蛋形;隧道的变形主要发生在盾构机刀盘通过前后约1D的范围内,随后很快趋于稳定;隧道结构的沉降主要取决于隧道自身以及其上部的垂直隧道的施工,邻近隧道的施工主要影响已建隧道的侧向变形;后建隧道将少量增加已建隧道管片内的内力。研究成果可为武汉地铁建设以及国内今后类似工程的设计与施工提供参考和指导。
Adjacent overlap multi tunnels are a complex spatial distribution form with the unceasing development of the metro construction.Relying on the project of Wuhan metro line 2 and line 4,for four adjacent and overlapped shield tunnels,3D FEM is applied to analyzed the ground deformation law caused by dynamic construction of tunnel and the influence of latter tunnel excavation on former tunnel.The results show that the buried depth has a remarkable effect on the ground deformation;the final deformation caused by the construction is 32 mm,which beyonds the standard limits;the larger the buried depth is,the smaller the ground deformation is,but the larger the influence range is;for the ground deformation,the influence range to the ahead is 30 metres,to the back is 25 metres,and the influence range to the transverse for each side is 30 metres;for the tunnel deformation,the top and the bottom are compressed,the left and the right are outward-spread,so the tunnel changes into a inverted duck egg;the tunnel deformation occurs mainly near the cutter of the shield machine,whose range is around 1D,and it becomes steady quickly;the tunnel settlement mainly depends on the construction of the tunnel itself and the vertical tunnel,the construction of adjacent tunnel has major effect on the lateral displacement;the latter tunnel excavation has a great influence on the force of the former tunnel.The research results can provide some references and guidance for Wuhan metro and similar projects in the future.
Adjacent overlap multi tunnels are a complex spatial distribution form with the unceasing development of the metro construction.Relying on the project of Wuhan metro line 2 and line 4,for four adjacent and overlapped shield tunnels,3D FEM is applied to analyzed the ground deformation law caused by dynamic construction of tunnel and the influence of latter tunnel excavation on former tunnel.The results show that the buried depth has a remarkable effect on the ground deformation;the final deformation caused by the construction is 32 mm,which beyonds the standard limits;the larger the buried depth is,the smaller the ground deformation is,but the larger the influence range is;for the ground deformation,the influence range to the ahead is 30 metres,to the back is 25 metres,and the influence range to the transverse for each side is 30 metres;for the tunnel deformation,the top and the bottom are compressed,the left and the right are outward-spread,so the tunnel changes into a inverted duck egg;the tunnel deformation occurs mainly near the cutter of the shield machine,whose range is around 1D,and it becomes steady quickly;the tunnel settlement mainly depends on the construction of the tunnel itself and the vertical tunnel,the construction of adjacent tunnel has major effect on the lateral displacement;the latter tunnel excavation has a great influence on the force of the former tunnel.The research results can provide some references and guidance for Wuhan metro and similar projects in the future.
引文
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[13]何川.シ-ルドトネ縱断方向の地震舉動に關すゐ研究[D].东京:早稻田大學專理工學部,1999.
[2]陶连金,唐四海,金亮.隧道上穿既有车站结构的变形预测及安个评估[J].地下空间与工程报,2008,4(3):442-447.TAO Lian-jin,TANG Si-hai,JIN Liang.Deformation prediction and risk evaluation of the existing subway station structure with above traversed tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2008,4(3):442-447.
[3]方勇,何川.平行后构隧道施工对既有隧道影响的数值分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):402-406.FANG Yong,HE Chuan.Numerical analysis of effects of parallel shield tunneling on existent tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):402-406.
[4]胡群芳,黄宏伟.软土地层近距离上穿既有隧道变形的数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(I):42-47.HU Qun-fang,HUANG Hong-wei.Analysis and monitoring on shield tunneling under existing adjacent tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(1):42-47.
[5]陈越峰,张庆切.近距离二线并行后构隧道施工实测分析[J].地下空间工程学报,2008,4(2):335-340.CHEN Yue-feng,ZHANG Qing-he.In-situ monitoring and analyzing on closely spaced parallel pipe shield tunnels[J].Underground Space and Engineering,2008,4(2):335-340.
[6]何川,苏宗贤,曾东洋.地铁后构隧道重叠下穿施工对上方己建隧道的影响[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(3):92-98.HE Chuan,SU Zong-xian,ZENG Dong-yang.Influence of metro shield tunnelingon existing tunnel directly above[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(3):92-98.
[7]李围,何川.盾构隧道近接下穿地下大型结构施工影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(10):1277.LI Wei,HE Chuan.Study on construction influence of shield tunnels traversing adjacently under underground large-scale structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(10):1277.
[8]孙钧,刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构法施工土体变形的三维数值模拟[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(4):379.SUN Jun,LIU Hong-zhou.3-D numerical simulation of ground surface settlement under overlapped shield tunneling[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2002,30(4):379.
[9]于宁,朱合华.盾构施工仿真及其相邻影响的数值分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):292.YU Ning,ZHU He-hua.The simulation of shield tunnel construction and analysis of its influence upon surrounding environments[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(2):292.
[10]YAMAGUEHI I,YAMAZAKI I,KIRITANI Y.Study of ground-tunnel interactions of four shield driven in close proximity in relation to design and construction of parallel shield tunnels[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(3):289-304.
[11]WONG I H,POH T Y,CHUAH H L.Analysis of case histories from construction of the central express way in Singapore[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1996,33(5):732-746.
[12]土木学会(日).隧道标准规范(盾构篇)及解说[S].朱伟译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.68-72.
[13]何川.シ-ルドトネ縱断方向の地震舉動に關すゐ研究[D].东京:早稻田大學專理工學部,1999.
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