一种橡胶剪切阻尼器动静态力学特性实验研究
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摘要
对大桥吊杆用橡胶剪切型阻尼器的静动态特性进行9组实验检测研究。研究结果表明,该类橡胶阻尼器的静态试验特性受橡胶与钢板连接方式影响,其主要原因是受橡胶黏弹性呈现出的非线性力学特性所致。因此,橡胶的厚度对拉伸或压缩位移量的响应也呈非线性关系,这种影响程度在10%左右;而动态特性试验表明,阻尼器刚度K′随橡胶长度增长而增大,3种加载频率f(0.5Hz、1Hz、2Hz)对其动态特性影响不大,但随位移加载振幅值(±3mm、±10mm)增大而刚度有所降低;橡胶长度对损耗因子η影响不大。所测刚度、剪切弹性模量、损耗因子及等效黏性系数Ceq均满足工程技术标准。
The tests of static and dynamic mechanical properties were carried out based on the 9 series samples of new type rubber dampers.These experimental results indicated that the static mechanical properties of new rubber damper depended strongly on its structure type of rubber and holding steel plates and the thickness of rubber,on which affects by the viscous behavior of rubber.Therefore,the response of thickness of rubber on tensile and compress behavior expresses a weaker nonlinear relation.This effect error range is not over about 10%.And the dynamic behavior of new type rubber damper indicated that the rigid coefficient of rubber damper increases with increasing of rubber length but decreases with increasing of applied stress amplitude.And the effect of frequency on the rigid and damping coefficients of the rubber damper is not obvious.All dynamic properties of this new type rubber damper satisfy the requirements of engineering application.
The tests of static and dynamic mechanical properties were carried out based on the 9 series samples of new type rubber dampers.These experimental results indicated that the static mechanical properties of new rubber damper depended strongly on its structure type of rubber and holding steel plates and the thickness of rubber,on which affects by the viscous behavior of rubber.Therefore,the response of thickness of rubber on tensile and compress behavior expresses a weaker nonlinear relation.This effect error range is not over about 10%.And the dynamic behavior of new type rubber damper indicated that the rigid coefficient of rubber damper increases with increasing of rubber length but decreases with increasing of applied stress amplitude.And the effect of frequency on the rigid and damping coefficients of the rubber damper is not obvious.All dynamic properties of this new type rubber damper satisfy the requirements of engineering application.
引文
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[15]清华大学工程力学系固体力学教研组振动组.机械振动:上[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1980:5-15.Department of Engineering Mechanics.Machine vibration[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1980:5-15(In Chinese).
[16]孙汝蛟,刘健新,胡兆同.高阻尼橡胶剪切型拉索减振器[J].长安大学学报,2005,25(1):37-40.SUN RuJiao,LIUJianXin,HUZhaoTong.Shearing dampers onstay ca-bles with high-damping rubber[J].Journal of Chang′an University,2005,25(1):37-40(In Chinese).
[17]李宇燕,黄协清,曹岩,等.非线性因素对金属橡胶干摩擦因数振动响应的影响研究[J].机械强度,2008,30(4):544-548.LI YuYan,HUANG XieQing,CAO Yan,et al.Investigation on effects of nonlinear dry friction of metal rubber on vibration response of system[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2008,30(4):544-548(In Chi-nese).
[18]陆飞,程文壤,陈忠范,等.阻尼器力学性能的试验方法与分析[J].工业建筑,2006,36(9):30-32.LUFei,CHENG WenRang,CHENZhongFan,et al.Analysis and test methodfor the mechanical property of damper[J].Industrial Construc-tion,2006,36(9):30-32(In Chinese).
[2]韩卫华,刘永辉,孙汝蛟.高阻尼橡胶在斜拉索减震器中的应用[J].四川建筑,2004,24(6):115-117.HAN WeiHua,LIUYongHui,SUNRuJiao.Studyon high damper rubber in cable incorporated application[J].Sichuan Architecture,2004,24(6):115-117(In Chinese).
[3]薛晓锋,关萍.桥梁用橡胶制品的应用现状[J].山西建筑,2005,31(11):121-122.XUE XiaoFeng,GUAN Ping.Application of rubber products in bridge[J].Shanxi Architecture,2005,31(11):121-122(In Chinese).
[4]翁大根,卢著辉,徐斌,等.粘滞阻尼器力学性能试验研究[J].世界地震工程,2002,18(4):30-34.WENDaGeng,LUZhuHui,XUBin,et al.The experimental study on property of energy dissipation of viscous liquid damper[J].World Earth-quake Engineering,2002,18(4):30-34(In Chinese).
[5]杨智春,张玲凌,孙浩,温金鹏.一种新型非线性阻尼器的设计及特性研究[J].机械强度,2008,30(6):871-877.YANGZhiChun,ZHANG LingLing,SUN Hao,WENJinPeng.Design and experiments of a newtype of nonlinear damper[J].Journal of Me-chanical Strength,2008,30(6):871-877(In Chinese).
[6]范立础,王志强.大跨度桥梁减隔震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001:50-120.FANLiChu,WANGZhiQiang.Aseismic and isolating design of bridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2001:50-120(In Chi-nese).
[7]范立础,袁万城.桥梁橡胶支座减隔震性能研究[J].同济大学学报,1989,17(4):447-455.FANLiChu,YUAN WanCheng.Seismic isolation and energy absorption properties of elastomeric pad bearing for bridges[J].Journal of Tongji University,1989,17(4):447-455(In Chinese).
[8]熊健民,余启志,余天庆.斜拉索—粘性阻尼器最佳阻尼系数的研究[J].湖北工业大学学报,2006,21(3):1-3.XIONGJianMin,YU QiZhi,YUTianQing.The optimal damping con-stant study of cable incorporated viscous damper[J].Journal of Hubei University of Technology,2006,21(3):1-3(In Chinese).
[9]李宇燕,黄协清,曹岩,等.非线性因素对金属橡胶干摩擦系数振动响应的影响研究[J].机械强度,2008,30(4):544-548.LI YuYan,HUANG XieQing,CAO Yan,et al.Investigation on effects of nonlinear dry friction of inetal rubber on vibration response of system[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2008,30(4):544-548(In Chi-nese).
[10]中国建筑科学研究院.GB500111—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001:51.Architecture and Building Science Academe of China.GB500111—2001Code for seismic designof buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001:51(In Chinese).
[11]余启志,陈竹君.粘性剪切型拉索阻尼器减振器研究[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2008,10(3):78-80.YUQiZhi,CHENZhuJun.Research onthe viscous shearing dampers of stay cables[J].Journal of Chongqing Universityof Science and Technolo-gy:Natural Sciences Edition,2008,10(3):78-80(In Chinese).
[12]严济宽.机械振动隔离技术[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1985:62-90.YANJiKuan.Isolating technology of mechanical vibration[M].Shang-hai:Shanghai Scientific and Technical Press,1985:62-90(In Chinese).
[13]戴德沛.阻尼技术的工程应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991:2-10.DAI DePei.Damping technology in engineering applications[M].Bei-jing:Tsinghua University Press,1991:2-10(In Chinese).
[14]李方泽,刘馥清,王正.工程测试与分析[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1992:7-19.LI FangZe,LIUFuQing,WANGZhen.Engineering measuringand anal-ysis[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1992:7-19(In Chinese).
[15]清华大学工程力学系固体力学教研组振动组.机械振动:上[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1980:5-15.Department of Engineering Mechanics.Machine vibration[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1980:5-15(In Chinese).
[16]孙汝蛟,刘健新,胡兆同.高阻尼橡胶剪切型拉索减振器[J].长安大学学报,2005,25(1):37-40.SUN RuJiao,LIUJianXin,HUZhaoTong.Shearing dampers onstay ca-bles with high-damping rubber[J].Journal of Chang′an University,2005,25(1):37-40(In Chinese).
[17]李宇燕,黄协清,曹岩,等.非线性因素对金属橡胶干摩擦因数振动响应的影响研究[J].机械强度,2008,30(4):544-548.LI YuYan,HUANG XieQing,CAO Yan,et al.Investigation on effects of nonlinear dry friction of metal rubber on vibration response of system[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2008,30(4):544-548(In Chi-nese).
[18]陆飞,程文壤,陈忠范,等.阻尼器力学性能的试验方法与分析[J].工业建筑,2006,36(9):30-32.LUFei,CHENG WenRang,CHENZhongFan,et al.Analysis and test methodfor the mechanical property of damper[J].Industrial Construc-tion,2006,36(9):30-32(In Chinese).
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